Maquis

English name: Maquis

Description (English)

Evergreen sclerophyllous or lauriphyllous shrub vegetation, with a more or less closed canopy structure, and with few annuals, some geophytes and often scattered trees, some of which may be in shrub form. Unlike arborescent matorral, maquis is typically dominated by species that do not have the potential to grow into tall trees. In high maquis these may be Arbutus spp., Erica arborea, Erica scoparia, Juniperus oxycedrus, Phillyrea spp. In low maquis, Cistus spp., Erica spp., Genista spp., Lavandula spp. may predominate.

Source: EUNIS habitat classification

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type code F5.2

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Name Definition Other names Reference
Ericion arboreae (Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) Rivas-Mart. 1987 Mediterranean thermo-mesomediterranean neutro- to acidophilous mesophilous macchia Schaminee et al, 2012
Rhamno lycioidis-Quercion cocciferae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975 East Iberian meso-supramediterranean semi-arid matorral and low pine and oak forests Rhamno-Cocciferion Rivas Goday 1964 (orig. form) Schaminee et al, 2012
Quercion fruticosae Rothmaler 1954 Southwest- and west-Iberian and North African coastal matorral on oligotrophic palaeo-podzolic soils Frutici-Quercion Rothmaler 1954; Quecrion lusitanicaee Rothmaler 1954 nom. mut. propos. Schaminee et al, 2012
Periplocion angustifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1975 Thermomediterranean semi-arid deciduous relictual low matorral in coastal regions southeastern Spain, eastern North Africa and Sicily Periploco angustifoliae-Tetraclinidion articulatae Rivas-Mart. In Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011; Coccifero-Tetraclinidion Rivas Goday ex Esteve 1973 (orig. form); Coccifero-Tetraclinidion Rivas Goday 1964 (orig. form); Querco cocciferae-Tetraclinidion articulatae Rivas Goday ex Fernandez Casas et M.E. Sánchez 1972 Schaminee et al, 2012
Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet et Drouineau 1944 Thermomediterranean maquis and matorral on calcareous substrates along seabords of Mediterranean Euphorbion dendroidis Papastergiadou et al. 1997; Myrtion communis Allier et Lacoste 1980; Oleo-Ceratonion Br.-Bl. 1936 Schaminee et al, 2012
Asparago orientalis-Juniperenion macrocarpae (Díez-Garretas et Asensi 2013) Mucina stat. nov. hoc loco Thermomediterranean juniper woodlands of coastal dune systems of Central and Eastern Mediterranean seaboards Schaminee et al, 2012
Pistacio terebinthi-Rhamnion alaterni Barbero et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992 Mesomediterranean scrub of eastern Mediterranean Pistacio terebinthi-Rhamnion alaterni Barbero et Quézel 1975 Schaminee et al, 2012
Rhamno graeci-Juniperion lyciae Costa et al. 1984 Aegeo-Anatolian and Cypriotic low-grown coastal maquis and garrigue Schaminee et al, 2012
Rubo longifoliae-Coremation albi Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 Lusitano-andaluzian relictual scrub on oligotrophic coastal dunes Schaminee et al, 2012
Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary ex Zohary et Orshan 1959 Sclerophyllous scrub of thermomediterranean belt of Eastern Mediterranean Ceratonio-Pistacion creticum Zohary et Orshan 1966; Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary 1955; Ceratonio siliquae-Rhamnion oleoidis Barbero et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992; Ceratonio-Rhamnion oleoidis Barbero et Quézel 1979 Schaminee et al, 2012
Asparago albi-Rhamnion oleoidis Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975 South Iberian thermomediterranean semi-arid sclerophyllous scrub and low open forest Asparago-Rhamnion Rivas Goday 1964 Schaminee et al, 2012

Species mentioned in habitat description

Conifers Juniperus oxycedrus
Flowering Plants Erica arborea
Flowering Plants Erica scoparia
Species scientific name English common name Species group
Juniperus oxycedrus Conifers
Erica arborea Flowering Plants
Erica scoparia Flowering Plants

Other classifications

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 200112 32.3 Meso-Mediterranean silicicolous maquis same
CORINE Land Cover 3.2.3. Sclerophyllous vegetation n/a
For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 F5.2 Maquis same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 F5.2 Maquis same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 F5.2 Maquis same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 F5.2 Maquis same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 F2.2 Maquis same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 32.2 Thermo-Mediterranean shrub formations narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 32.3 Meso-Mediterranean silicicolous maquis narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 32.3 Meso-Mediterranean silicicolous maquis narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 32.2 Thermo-Mediterranean shrub formations narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 32.2   narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 32.3   narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 32.2   narrower
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 32.3   narrower
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 32.3   narrower
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 32.2   narrower
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 32.3   narrower
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 32.2   narrower
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