Ilex aquifolium woods
English name:
Holly woods
Description (English)
Woods dominated by tall arborescent Ilex aquifolium. They occur in the supra-Mediterranean level of Sardinia and Corsica and in Atlantic mountains of northwestern Spain, mostly as a facies of relict yew-holly forests G3.9. Other scattered occurrences exist in the nemoral zone of western Europe, as facies of beech forest G1.6 or acidophilous oak forest G1.8.
Source: EUNIS habitat classification
Quick facts
| EUNIS habitat type | code G2.6 |
|---|---|
| Bern Convention | Included in a Resolution 4 habitat type at a higher level (G2) |
| Relation to | Annex I habitat types (EU Habitats Directive) |
Legal status
Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments
| Legal text | Annex | Name in legal text | Code in legal text |
Habitat type relationship |
More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora - consolidated version 01/01/2007 | Annex I: natural habitat types of community interest whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation | Forests of Ilex aquifolium | 9380 | Same | http://ec.europa.eu/environm...rective/index_en.htm |
Vegetation types
Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)
| Name | Definition | Other names | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molinio-Quercion roboris Scamoni et Passarge 1959 | Northern temperate atlantic and subatlantic acidophilous oak forests on gleyic soils of Western Europe | Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Dicrano-Quercion Passarge in Scamoni 1963; Dicrano-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Dicrano-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Genisto germanicae-Quercion roboris Neuhäusl et Neuhäuslová-Novotná 1967 | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954 | Acidophilous beech forests of Western, Central and southeastern Europe | Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Polygonato verticillati-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form); Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae G. Hofmann et Passarge in Scamoni 1963 (orig. form); Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1962; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1964; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1971; Dicrano-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968 (orig. form); Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form) | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Quercion roboris Malcuit 1929 | Southern temperate atlantic and subatlantic acidophilous oak and oak-birch forests on gleic soils of Western Europe | Betulo pendulae-Quercion petraeae Gillet 1986; Hieracio lachenalii-Quercion petraeae Pallas 1996; Quercion robori-sessiliflorae Br.-Bl. 1931; Quercion robori-sessiliflorae Br.-Bl. 1932; Quercion roboris acidiphilum Schmid 1936; Quercion sessiliflorae Issler 1931; Quercion robori-petraeae Br.-Bl. 1932 nom. mut. propos. | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of western Central and northern Europe | Fraxino excelsioris-Fagion sylvaticae Hofmann et Passarge 1963; Abieti albae-Fagion sylvaticae Gillet 1986; Antherico-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp 1942; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Asperulo-Fagion Tx. 1955; Dentario-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Asperulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Fagion Klika in Klika et Novák 1941; Eu-Fagion medioeuropaeum Soó 1960; Eu-Fraxino-Fagion sylvaticae Passrage 1968; Fagion medio-europaeum Soó 1962; Galio-Fagion sylvaticae Moor 1978; Impatienti-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Petasito-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Rumici arifolii-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Galio odorati-Fagion Knapp ex Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos. | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis Biondi et al. ex Biondi, Casavecchia et Gigante 2013 | Evergreen and semideciduous calciphilous kermes oak forests of Central Mediterranean | Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis Biondi et al. 2003; Quercion ilicis Br.-Bl. ex Horvatic 1934 | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 | Oak-hornbeam forests of Western and Central Europe, northern Balkans and western part of Eastern Europe | Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet 1986; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Carpinion betuli (Tx. 1936) Oberd. 1953; Carpinion dacicum Soó 1964; Carpinion-(Fagion) Mayer 1937 (orig. form); Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Eu-Carpinion Scamoni et Passarge 1959; Fraxino-Carpinion Tx. 1937; Galio-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Lathyro hallersteinii-Carpinion Boscaiu 1974; Luzulion luzuloidis Julve 1993; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Mercuriali-Carpinion S. Müller ex Julve 1988; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Pulmonario-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Querco-Carpinion betuli Rameau 1996; Querco-Fagion Rameau 1997; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet ex Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Carpinion (S. Müller 1978) Julve 1988; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Tilio cordatae-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
| Pulmonario longifoliae-Quercion roboris Rivas-Mart. et Izco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Oceanic orocantabrian-pyreneean oak forests on gleyic soils of northern Iberian Peninsula | Polysticho-Fraxinion (O. de Bolo`s 1973) Rameau 1996; Polysticho setiferi-Quercion roboris Ge´hu 2007; Dryopterido affinis-Fraxinion excelsioris (Vanden Berghen 1969) Boeuf et al. 2011; Pulmonario longifoliae-Quercion roboris Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001; Polysticho-Corylion (Vanden Berghen 1969) Ge´hu et Ge´hu-Franck 1988; Polysticho setiferi-Fraxinion excelsioris Ge´hu 2007; Polysticho setiferi-Fraxinion excelsioris Rameau ex Royer et al. 2006 | Schaminee et al, 2012 |
Species mentioned in habitat description
Flowering Plants
Ilex aquifolium
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Ilex aquifolium | Flowering Plants |
Other classifications
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 200112 | 45.8 | Western Palaearctic holly woods | same |
| CORINE Land Cover | 3.1.1. | Broad-leaved forest | n/a |
| BEAR Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment | ? | Not found in FTBA classification | not defined |
| Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 | 6.3.8 | Forêt à sous-bois laurifolié | wider |
History
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
|---|---|---|---|
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 | G2.6 | Holly woods | same |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 | 45.8 | Western Palaearctic holly woods | same |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 | 45.8 | Western Palaearctic holly woods | same |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 | 45.8 | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 | 45.8 | same | |
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 | 45.8 | same | |
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 | 45.8 | same |
