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High energy littoral rock

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English name	High energy littoral rock

English name

High energy littoral rock

EUNIS habitat type code	A1.1	Level	3
Edition	EUNIS Habitat Classification 2012 - a revision of the habitat classification descriptions.

Description ( English )

Extremely exposed to moderately exposed or tide-swept bedrock and boulder shores. Extremely exposed shores dominated by mussels and barnacles, occasionally with robust fucoids or turfs of red seaweed. Tide-swept shores support communities of fucoids, sponges and ascidians on the mid to lower shore. Three biological subtypes have been described: Communities on very exposed to moderately exposed upper and mid eulittoral bedrock and boulders dominated by the mussel [Mytilus edulis], barnacles [Chthamalus] spp. and/or [Semibalanus balanoides] and the limpets [Patella] spp. (A1.11); red and brown seaweeds able to tolerate the extreme conditions of exposed rocky shores, primarily the physical stresses caused by wave action (A1.12), and tide-swept shores in more sheltered areas (such as narrow channels in sea loch) with canopy forming fucoids and a rich filter-feeding community (A1.15).

Source

Connor, D.W., Allen, J.H., Golding, N., Howell, K.L., Lieberknecht, L.M., Northen, K.O. & Reker, J.B. [edited ETC/BD] (2004)

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Relationships with other classifications

Classification	Code	Title	Relation type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	A1.1	High energy littoral rock	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	A1.1	High energy littoral rock	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	A1.1	Littoral rock very exposed to wave action	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	A1.1	Littoral rock very exposed to wave action	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	A1.1	Littoral rock very exposed to wave action	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	A1.2	Eulittoral (inter-tidal) rock very exposed to wave action	same
CORINE Land Cover	4.2.3.	Intertidal flats	n/a
Marine Habitat Classification Britain/Ireland 0405	LR.HLR	High energy littoral rock	same
MNCR BioMar 97.06 (Britain & Ireland)	ELR	Exposed littoral rock (mussel/barnacle shores)	same
MNCR BioMar 96.7 (Britain & Ireland)	ELR		same
	A	Marine habitats	Ancestor
	A1	Littoral rock and other hard substrata	Parent

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