Skip to content. Skip to navigation
Sign up now!
Get notifications on new reports and products. Currently we have 32837 subscribers. Frequency: 3-4 emails / month.
Follow us
Twitter icon Twitter
Facebook icon Facebook
YouTube icon YouTube channel
RSS logo RSS Feeds
Notifications archive

Write us Write to us

For the public:


For media and journalists:

Enquiry web form
Contact EEA staff
Contact the web team

Call us Call us

Reception:

Phone: (+45) 33 36 71 00
Fax: (+45) 33 36 71 99
More

EEA

Loading

Kelp with cushion fauna and/or foliose red seaweeds

Document Actions



English name Kelp with cushion fauna and/or foliose red seaweeds Open code browser    Diagram icon

EUNIS habitat type code   A3.11 Level   4
Edition   EUNIS Habitat Classification 2012 - a revision of the habitat classification descriptions.

Description ( English )

Rocky habitats in the infralittoral zone subject to exposed to extremely exposed wave action or strong tidal streams. Typically the rock supports a community of kelp [Laminaria hyperborea] with foliose seaweeds and animals, the latter tending to become more prominent in areas of strongest water movement (A3.113, A3.115 and A3.1152). The depth to which the kelp extends varies according to water clarity, exceptionally (e.g. St Kilda) reaching 45 m. In some areas, there may be a band of dense foliose seaweeds (reds or browns) below the main kelp zone (A3.116). The sublitttoral fringe is characterised by dabberlocks [Alaria esculenta] (A3.111). In very strong wave action the sublittoral fringe [A. esculenta] zone extends to 5 to 10 m depth, whilst at Rockall [A. esculenta] replaces [L. hyperborea] as the dominant kelp in the infralittoral zone (A3.112). Situation: Very exposed rocky coasts, from low water to depths up to 45m. Temporal variation: Winter storms may remove patches of kelp, and fast-growing annuals may form a temporary forest (A3.122).

Source

Connor, D.W., Allen, J.H., Golding, N., Howell, K.L., Lieberknecht, L.M., Northen, K.O. & Reker, J.B. [edited ETC/BD] (2004)

External links


Relationships with other classifications

Classification Code Title Relation type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 A3.11 Kelp with cushion fauna and/or foliose red seaweeds same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 A3.11 Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (high energy infralittoral rock) same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 A3.11 Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (exposed rock) same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 A3.11 Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (exposed rock) same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 A3.11 Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (exposed rock) same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 A3.11 Kelp beds with faunal cushion and red seaweeds same
CORINE Land Cover 5.2.3. Sea and ocean n/a
Marine Habitat Classification Britain/Ireland 0405 IR.HIR.KFaR Kelp with cushion fauna and/or foliose red seaweeds source
MNCR BioMar 97.06 (Britain & Ireland) EIR.KFaR Kelp with cushion fauna, foliose red seaweeds or coralline crusts (exposed rock) same
MNCR BioMar 96.7 (Britain & Ireland) EIR.KFa   narrower
Ramsar Wetland Types B Subtidal aquatic beds wider
  A Marine habitats Go to key navigator, starting with this habitat    Ancestor
  A3 Infralittoral rock and other hard substrata Go to key navigator, starting with this habitat    Ancestor
  A3.1 Atlantic and Mediterranean high energy infralittoral rock    Parent
EUNIS

General information

User operations

European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, DK - 1050 Copenhagen K, Denmark - Phone: +45 3336 7100
EU flagThe European Environment Agency (EEA) is an agency of the European Union.
Comments to EEA Web Team.

Code and API for developers, Legal notice, Disclaimer, Privacy policy

 

This site conforms to the following standards: