EUNIS habitat classification 2012 amended 2019 > F - Heathland, scrub and tundra > F2 - Arctic, alpine and subalpine scrub > F2.2 - Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub

Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub

English name: Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub

Description (English)

Small, dwarf or prostrate shrub formations of the alpine and subalpine zones of mountains, dominated by ericaceous species, Dryas octopetala, dwarf junipers, brooms or greenweeds; Dryas heaths of the British Isles.

Source:
EUNIS habitat classification
Interpretation Manual of the habitats targeted by Resolution No. 4

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type code F2.2
Bern Convention Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)
Relation to Annex I habitat types (EU Habitats Directive)

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Name Definition Other names Reference
Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943 Arcti and-boreo-alpine tundra scrub of wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland Arctostaphylo-Cetrarion nivalis Dahl 1957; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1936; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1943; Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola 1939; Loiseleurio-Diapension Daniëls 1982 Schaminee et al, 2012
Cytision oromediterranei Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1987 Silicolous orotemperate, mainly submediterranean juniper scrub of Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains Cytision purgantis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos.; Genistion purgantis Tx. 1954; Genistion purgantis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Junipero-Cytision purgantis Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Nano-Juniperion Rothmaler 1954; Pino-Cytision purgantis Rivas-Mart. 1964; Cytiso oromediterranei-Pinion Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1987 nom. invers. propos.; Pino-Cytision oromediterranei Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1987 Schaminee et al, 2012
Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1943 Moderately chionophilous dwarf scrub of boreal and hemiarctic zones of Fennoscandia, Iceland, northern Russia and Greenland Myrtillion alpinum Du Rietz 1942; Phyllodoceto-myrtilli Kalliola 1939; Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1936; Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1937 Schaminee et al, 2012
Genisto-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. 1926 Montane to subalpine heath of atlantic and subcontinental regions of Europe Genisto-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Schaminée 1993 Schaminee et al, 2012
Aconito nasuti–Juniperion Onipchenko 2002 Alpine and subalpine chinophobous juniper low scrub of Caucausus Schaminee et al, 2012
Genisto versicoloris-Juniperion hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 Silicolous oromediterranean juniper scrub of southern Iberian Peninsula (Sierra Nevada) Schaminee et al, 2012
Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Schnyder 1930 Ericoid low scrub on siliceous substrates in subalpine and alpine belts of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926; Melampyro-Vaccinion Jeník et al. 1980; Vaccinion myrtilli Krajina 1933; Vaccinion myrtilli Krajina 1934; Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinion G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931 Schaminee et al, 2012
Pruno prostratae-Juniperion sabinae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 Calcicolous supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate submediterranean dry juniper scrub of he Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains Schaminee et al, 2012
Ericion carneae Rübel ex Grabherr et al. 1993 Subalpine and alpine dwarf heath and krummholz on rocky calcareous soils, outcrops, lapies (karren) and boulders of Alps, Apennines and Northern Dinarides Ericion carneae Rübel 1933; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic in B. Jovanovic, R. Jovanovic et Zupancic et al. 1986; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic et al. 1979 Schaminee et al, 2012
Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949 Ericoid subalpine chionophilous dwarf scrub heath on siliceous substrates of South Carpathians and Southern Dinadides Junipero-Bruckenthalion (Horvat 1949) Boscaiu 1971 Schaminee et al, 2012
Daphno oleoidis-Juniperion alpinae Stanisci 1997 Relic subalpine dry juniper low scrub on calcareous substrates of Central and Southern Apennines Schaminee et al, 2012
Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 Ericoid alpine siliceous dwarf scrub heath of wind-exposed habitats of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe Cetrario-Loiseleurion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964 nom. invers.; Cetrario-Loiseleurion (Br.-Bl. et Sissingh 1939) Schubert 1960; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Krajina 1933; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1936; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1937; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Braun-Blanquet in Braun-Blanquet, Sissingh et Vlieger 1939; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic 1974; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic et al. 1979; Loiseleurio-Cetrarion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931 Schaminee et al, 2012
Juniperion nanae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 Subalpine chinophobous siliceous juniper low scrub of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe Juniperion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. mut. propos.; Juniperion sibiricae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. mut. propos. Schaminee et al, 2012
Salici kazbekensis–Empetrion nigrae Onipchenko 2002 Ericoid subalpine and alpine dwarf scrub heath of Caucasus Schaminee et al, 2012
Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba ex Daniëls 1982 Wind-exposed dwarf shrub heath and graminoid vegetation on non acidic substrates of Greenland and Arctic North America Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba 1974 Schaminee et al, 2012
Daphno-Genistion radiatae N. Randelovic et Rexhepi 1980 Relic supramontane dwarf heath on ultramafic and calcaeous substrates of Southern Dinarides Daphneion oleoidis Lakušic in B. Jovanovic, R. Jovanovic et Zupancic et al. 1986; Cytisanthion radiati N. Randelovic et Rexhepi 1979; Cytisanthion radiati Lakušic in B. Jovanovic et al. 1986; Daphneion oleoidis Lakušic 1968; Daphno-Genistion radiatae N. Randelovic, Rexhepi et Jovanovic 1969 Schaminee et al, 2012
Rhododendrion caucasici Onipchenko 2002 Ericoid chionophilous low scrub dominated by Rhododendron caucasicum of Caucasus Schaminee et al, 2012
Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1943 Grassy and dwarf-shrub fjelld vegetation of Scotland, Scandinavia, Iceland and Arctic Ocean islands Caricion nardinae Nordhagen 1935; Dryadion Du Rietz 1942; Dryadion octopetalae Kalliola 1939; Elynion bellardii Nordhagen 1936; Elynion bellardii boreoarcticum Nordhagen 1936; Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1936; Kobresion myosuroidis Gams 1936; Polarion Gjaerevoll 1950; Salicion polaris Du Rietz 1942; Thymo arcticae-Kobresion Ohba 1974; Kobresion myosuroidis Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. Schaminee et al, 2012

Species mentioned in habitat description

Flowering Plants Dryas octopetala
Species scientific name English common name Species group
Dryas octopetala Flowering Plants

Other classifications

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 200112 31.4 Alpine and boreal heaths same
CORINE Land Cover 3.2.2. Moors and heathland n/a
Phase 1 habitat classification (UK) 1993 B3 Calcareous grassland overlap
Phase 1 habitat classification (UK) 1993 D1 Dry dwarf shrub heath wider
Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 5.4.3 Lande subalpine calcicole narrower
Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 5.4.4 Lande subalpine xérophile sur sol acide narrower
Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 5.4.6 Lande alpine ventée narrower
Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 5.4.5 Lande subalpine méso-hygrophile sur sol acide narrower
For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 F2.2 Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 F2.2 Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 F2.2 Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 F2.2 Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 F3.2 Alpine, subalpine and boreal heaths and dwarf-shrub mats same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 F3.2 Alpine and boreal heaths and dwarf-shrub mats same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 31.4 Alpine and boreal heaths same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 31.4 Alpine and boreal heaths same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 31.4   same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 31.4   same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 31.4   same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 31.4   same
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