Kingdom: Animalia > Phylum: Chordata > Class: Aves > Order: Charadriiformes > Family: Laridae > Genus: Pagophila > Species: Pagophila eburnea

Ivory Gull - Pagophila eburnea (Phipps, 1774)

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Quick facts

Threat status Europe	Least Concern (IUCN)
Protected by	4 international agreements

Distribution

The distribution map is currently disabled. A new map solution will soon become available. In the meantime, please consult other species distribution map providers listed in the Other resources panel below.

Threat and conservation status

IUCN Red List status of threatened species

The IUCN Red List threat status assesses the risk of extinction.

World

Near Threatened

Europe

Least Concern

Not evaluated

IUCN Red List Category

Not Evaluated	Near Threatened	Regionally Extinct
Not Applicable	Vulnerable	Extinct in the Wild
Data Deficient	Endangered	Extinct
Least Concern	Critically Endangered

Sources:

EU conservation status

The EU conservation status is assessed for species mentioned in the EU Habitats Directive annexes. The EU Habitats Directive does not cover this species.

Natura 2000 sites

Not available

Legal status

Mentioned in the following international legal instruments and agreements

Legal text	Annex	Conditions	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention)	Annex II: strictly protected fauna species		http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cul.../bern/default_en.asp
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic ("OSPAR Convention") (OSPAR Convention)	Initial OSPAR List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats (Reference Number: 2003-14) in addition to Annex V		http://www.ospar.org/content...240000_000000_000000
	or declining species in the North East Atlantic. The purpose of the list is to guide the OSPAR Commission in setting priorities for its further work on the conservation and protection of marine biodiversity. The inclusion of a species or of a type of habitat on this list has no other significance.	Synonym for this species is listed in OSPAR Convention. See there for more details.
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention)	Revised Annex I of Resolution 6 (1998) of the Bern Convention listing the species requiring specific habitat conservation measures (year of revision 2011)		https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 6 (1998) of the Bern Convention lists the species requiring specific habitat conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming for the Emerald network]

Common names and synonyms

Common Name	Language	Reference
Elfenbeinmöwe	German	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Gabbiano eburneo	Italian	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Gaivota-marfim	Portuguese	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Gaviota Marfileña	Spanish	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Hósirály	Hungarian	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Ismåke	Norwegian	Direktoratet for Naturforvaltning
Ismås	Swedish	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Ivoormeeuw	Dutch	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Ivory Gull	English	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Jäälokki	Finnish	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Mewa modrodzioba	Polish	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.
Mouette ivoire	French	Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J.

Synonym	Author
Larus eburneus	Phipps, 1774

Other resources

CoL (accepted name)	Catalogue of Life
EBCC Atlas of breeding birds	European Bird Census Council's Atlas of Breeding Birds
EURing code:06040	European bird-ringing
EoL	Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea	Fauna Europaea
GBIF	Global Biodiversity Information Facility
ITIS (Valid name)	Interagency Taxonomic Information System
NCBI search	National Center for Biotechnology Information
PESI (Accepted)	Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure
Wikipedia	Wikipedia
WoRMS	World Register of Marine Species

External data

Population distribution from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2

These publications present a thorough and detailed review of the conservation status of European birds. Based on detailed breeding and wintering population data collected in each country, the report provides a review of the population sizes and trends of Species of European Conservation Concern.

6 items found, displaying all items.1

Country	Biogeographic region	Min / Max (Units)	Period	Status	Quality	Source	Published
Denmark	Arctic	100/200 (pairs)	1983	Breeding	Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available	Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990)	1994-01-01
Denmark - Greenland		500/1000 (pairs)	1990-2000	Breeding	Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question	Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000)	2004-01-01
Denmark - Greenland		100/1000 (individuals)	1990-2000	Wintering	Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question	Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000)	2004-01-01
Norway	Arctic	237/0 (pairs)	-	Breeding	Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available	Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990)	1994-01-01
Russian Federation		2500/10000 (pairs)	1990-2002	Breeding	Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question	Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000)	2004-01-01
Russian Federation		1000/1500 (pairs)	1984-1988	Breeding	Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available	Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990)	1994-01-01

Source: BirdLife International

Population trends from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2