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Source: Schaminée, J.H.J., Chytrý, M., Hennekens, S.M., Mucina, L., Rodwell, J.S. & Tichý, L. (2012): Development of vegetation syntaxa crosswalks to EUNIS habitat classification and related data sets
| Name | Definition | Synonyms | EUNIS habitat type | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berberidion vulgaris Br.-Bl. ex Tx. 1952 nom. conserv. | Soutern temperate and submediterranean thermophilous scrub of southern and Central Europe | Rhamno alpini-Berberidion vulgaris Rivas-Mart. In Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011; Amelanchierion ovalis Arlot 1985; Astrantio-Corylion Passarge 1978; Berberidion Br.-Bl. 1950; Corylion avellanae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Crataego-Corylion P. Fukarek 1969; Crataego-Prunion T. Müller 1974; Crataego-Prunion T. Müller ex Korneck 1974; Ligustro-Crataegion Passarge 1978; Ligustro-Prunion spinosae Arlot 1985; Prunion spinosae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Prunion spinosae Soó 1931; Clematido vitalbae-Acerion campestris Felzines in Royer et al. 2006 | Submediterranean deciduous thickets and brushes | F3.2 |
| Berberido aetnensis-Crataegion laciniatae Gianguzzi et al. 2011 | Supramediterranean relict orophilous scrub of northern Sicily | Submediterranean deciduous thickets and brushes | F3.2 | |
| Berberido aetnensis-Pinion laricionis (S. Brullo et al. 2001) Mucina et Theurillat nom. nov. hoc loco | Acidophilous Pinus nigra subsp. laricio woodlands in supra-mediterranean belt of mountains of Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Calabria | Pinion calabricae S. Brullo et Spampinato in S. Brullo et al. 2001; Berberidion aetnensis S. Brullo et al. 2001; Pinion calabricae S. Brullo et Spampinato 1999; Pinion laricionis Mayer 1984; Pinion nigrae-laricionis Mayer 1984 | [Pinus nigra] woodland | G3.5 |
| Berberido aetnensis-Pinion laricionis (S. Brullo et al. 2001) Mucina et Theurillat nom. nov. hoc loco | Acidophilous Pinus nigra subsp. laricio woodlands in supra-mediterranean belt of mountains of Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Calabria | Pinion calabricae S. Brullo et Spampinato in S. Brullo et al. 2001; Berberidion aetnensis S. Brullo et al. 2001; Pinion calabricae S. Brullo et Spampinato 1999; Pinion laricionis Mayer 1984; Pinion nigrae-laricionis Mayer 1984 | Lowland to montane mediterranean [Pinus] woodland (excluding [Pinus nigra]) | G3.7 |
| Berberido creticae-Juniperion foetidissimae S. Brullo et al. 2001 | Silicicolous montane pine and juniper woodlenads and related scrub of continental Hellas, Cyprus, Anatolia and Lebanon | Junipero-Dafnion Dafis 1973; Cephalorrhyncho cyprici-Pinion pallasianae Barbéro et Quézel 1979; Cephalorrhyncho cyprici-Pinion pallasianae Barbéro et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992 | [Pinus nigra] woodland | G3.5 |
| Berberido creticae-Juniperion foetidissimae S. Brullo et al. 2001 | Silicicolous montane pine and juniper woodlenads and related scrub of continental Hellas, Cyprus, Anatolia and Lebanon | Junipero-Dafnion Dafis 1973; Cephalorrhyncho cyprici-Pinion pallasianae Barbéro et Quézel 1979; Cephalorrhyncho cyprici-Pinion pallasianae Barbéro et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992 | Coniferous woodland dominated by [Cupressaceae] or [Taxaceae] | G3.9 |
| Berberido creticae-Prunion cocomiliae Bergmeier 1990 | Submediterranean thermophilous scrub of southern regions of Balkan Peninsula | Submediterranean deciduous thickets and brushes | F3.2 | |
| Betulion carpatico-pubescentis Rivas-Mart. et Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Alpic-Pyrenean orotemperate birch forests on podzolic soils in montane-subalpine belts | Betulion carpatico-pubescentis Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 | Non-riverine woodland with [Betula], [Populus tremula] or [Sorbus aucuparia] | G1.9 |
| Betulion fontquerio-celtibericae Rivas-Mart. et Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Orocantabro-atlantic and oroiberian perhumid birch forests on siliceous substrates of northern Iberian Peninsula | Betulion fontquerio-celtibericae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 | Non-riverine woodland with [Betula], [Populus tremula] or [Sorbus aucuparia] | G1.9 |
| Betulion tortuosae Doing ex Mucina all. nova hoc loco | Boreal and subartic birch krummholz of Scandinavia and Arctic islands | Betulion tortuosae Doing 1962 | Non-riverine woodland with [Betula], [Populus tremula] or [Sorbus aucuparia] | G1.9 |
| Bidention tripartitae Nordhagen ex Klika et Hadac 1944 | Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of periodically nutrient-rich river banks and drained muddy bottoms of eutrophic lakes of boreo-temperate Europe | Polygono-Chenopodion polyspermi Koch 1926 nom. ambig. propos.; Alopecurion aequalis Eber 1975; Bidention tripartitae Nordhagen 1940; Paspalo-Bidention Rivas Goday 1964; Polygono-Chenopodion polyspermi Br.-Bl. 1931 | Periodically inundated shores with pioneer and ephemeral vegetation | C3.5 |
| Brachyaction ciliatae Pop et Vitalariu 1971 | Herb-rich ruderal chenopod vegetation of nutrient-rich ruderal habitats of Central and Eastern Europe | Atriplicion Hejný 1976; Atriplicion Passarge 1978; Atriplicion tataricae Gutte 1973; Atriplici–Sisymbrion Hejný 1978; Sisymbrion sophiae Mititelu et Barabas 1972; Vicion cordati-variae Levon 1996; Salsolo-Atriplicion nitentis Fiodorov in Mirkin et al. 1986 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Brachypodio pinnati-Juniperion communis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Low-altitude thermophilous juniper scrub on calcarous substrates | Carici-Juniperion communis Passarge 1978 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Brachypodio sylvatici-Holoschoenion romani Gradstein et Schmittenberg 1977 | Riparian and spring-marsh wet grasslands at mid-altitude of Crete | Mediterranean short humid grassland | E3.2 | |
| Brachypodio-Centaureion nemoralis Br.-Bl. 1967 | Mesic mown meadows on mineral-rich soils of thermo-atlantic and sub-mediterranean belts of Western Europe | Low and medium altitude hay meadows | E2.2 | |
| Brachypodion distachyi Rivas-Mart. 1978 | Ephemeral therophyte communities and pastures on base-rich soils of Western Mediterranean | Trachynion distachyae Rivas-Mart. 1978 nom. mut.; Sideritidi romamae-Hypochoeridion achyrophori de Foucault 1999 | Mediterranean xeric grassland | E1.3 |
| Brachypodion phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934 | Submediterranean steppic neutro-basiphikous grasslands on deep mesic soils of Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seaboards | Brachypodion phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. 1931 | Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes | E1.2 |
| Brassicion insularis Gamisans 1991 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of Cyrno-Sardean region and Pantelleria | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 | |
| Brassicion oleraceae Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 | Nitrophilpous aerohaline swards on edges of steep coastal cliffs of ibero-cantabrian and franco-britannan distribution | Soft sea-cliffs, often vegetated | B3.4 | |
| Brassico balearicae-Helichrysion rupestris O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1958 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of Balearic Islands | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 | |
| Bromion erecti Koch 1926 | Meso-xerophytic basiphilous grasslands in sub-oceanic regions of Western and Central Europe | Bromion erecti Br.-Bl. 1931; Bromion erecti Br.-Bl. 1936; Meso-Festucion Oberd. 1941; Meso-Festucion Oberd. in Krausch 1962; Mesobromion (Br.-Bl. et Moor 1938) Zoller 1954; Mesobromion Oberd. 1949; Seslerio-Mesobromion (Oberd. 1957) Theurillat in Theurillat et Beguin 1985 | Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes | E1.2 |
| Bromo madritensis-Oryzopsion miliaceae O. de Bolòs 1970 | Thermomediterranean semi-ruderal perennial grasslands on deep soils of disturbed road verges | Bromo madritensis-Piptatherion miliaceae O. de Bolòs 1970 nom. mut. propos. | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Bromo pannonici-Festucion csikhegyensis Zólyomi 1966 corr. Mucina hoc loco | Xerophilous rocky grasslands on calcareous substrates of northern fringes of Pannonian Basin | Festucion pallentis (Klika 1931) Korneck 1974; Bromo pannonici-Festucion csikhegyensis Zólyomi 1966 nom. conserv. propos.; Seslerio-Festucion duriusculae Klika 1931 nom. mut. propos. et nom. ambig. propos.; Seslerio-Festucion glaucae Klika 1931 nom. ambig. propos.; Seslerio-Festucion pallentis Klika 1931 corr. Zólyomi 1966 nom. ambig. propos. | Inland sand and rock with open vegetation | E1.1 |
| Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949 | Ericoid subalpine chionophilous dwarf scrub heath on siliceous substrates of South Carpathians and Southern Dinadides | Junipero-Bruckenthalion (Horvat 1949) Boscaiu 1971 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Bunion alpini Lakušic 1968 | Subalpine chionophilous calcareous scree communities of Northern Dinarides | Bunion alpini Lakušic 1970 | Temperate-montane calcareous and ultra-basic screes | H2.4 |
| Bystropogono punctati-Telinion maderensis Capelo et al. 2000 | Madeirean meso-supratemperate retamoid scrub | Canary Island heath woodland | G2.7 | |
| Cakilion edentulae Thannheiser 1981 | Halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of boreo-atlantic European and Azorean coasts | Shingle beach driftlines | B2.1 | |
| Cakilion edentulae Thannheiser 1981 | Halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of boreo-atlantic European and Azorean coasts | Sand beach driftlines | B1.1 | |
| Cakilion euxinae Géhu et al. 1994 | Halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of Black Sea coasts | Cakilion maritimae Morariu 1957; Cakilo euxinae–Crambion maritimae Golub et al. 2006 | Sand beach driftlines | B1.1 |
| Calamagrostio arundinaceae-Abietion Horvat 1962 nom. invers. propos. | Coniferous forests with tall-herb undergowth on limestone and dolomite boulder screes in montane to subalpine belst in western Balkans | Abieti-Calamagrostion arundinaceae Horvat 1954; Abieti-Calamagrostion arundinaceae Horvat 1962 | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Calamagrostio canescentis-Piceion abietis Solomeshch in Solomeshch et Grigorjev 1992 nom. inval. | Forested boreal spruce mires in Eastern Europe and Siberia | Boreal bog conifer woodland | G3.D | |
| Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Oberd. 1957 | Tall species-rich grasslands on dry acidic soils of upper montane and subalpine belts of Western and Central Europe | Calamagrostion arundinaceae Oberd. 1949; Calamagrostion atlanticum Luquet 1926; Dryopteridion Eggler 1952; Ligustico mutellinae-Luzulion desvauxii Michalet et Philippe 1994; Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Jeník 1961 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Calamagrostion neglectae Nordhagen ex de Molenaar 1976 | Vegetation of boreal-subalpine and subarctic riverine gravel terraces of the Alps, Scandinavia and Greenland | Calamagrostion neglectae Nordhagen 1936; Calamagrostion neglectae Oberd. 1949; Calamagrostion neglectae Oberd. 1950; Calamagrostion neglectae Preising in Oberd. 1950; Calamagrostion neglectae Tengwall 1920 | Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments | C3.6 |
| Calamagrostion pseudophragmitis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984 | Vegetation of montane-subalpine riverine gravel terraces of Pyrenees and Cantabrian mountains | Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments | C3.6 | |
| Calamagrostion villosae Pawlowski et al. 1928 | Tall-herb and fern-rich communities of acidic and leached soils of Alps, Carpathians and Hercynian mountains | Poo chaixii-Deschampsion caespitosae Jeník et al. 1980; Calamagrostion villosae Br.-Bl. 1930 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Calendulo lusitanicae-Antirrhinion linkiani Ladero et al. 1991 | Saxicolous communities of calcareous crevices and rock shelves of central and western Portugal | Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures | H2.6 | |
| Calendulo lusitanicae-Antirrhinion linkiani Ladero et al. 1991 | Saxicolous communities of calcareous crevices and rock shelves of central and western Portugal | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 | |
| Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000 | Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of southwestern Tyrrhenian seaboards | Western garrigues | F6.1 | |
| Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000 | Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of southwestern Tyrrhenian seaboards | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Calthion palustris Tx. 1937 | Wet herb-rich meadows and pastures on mineral soils of temperate Europe | Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising 1951; Caltho-Deschampsion caespitosae Passarge 1976; Lychno-Bromion racemosi Doing 1963; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet 1994; Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising ex de Foucault 2009; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet in Julve 1993; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet ex de Foucault 2011 | Low and medium altitude hay meadows | E2.2 |
| Calthion palustris Tx. 1937 | Wet herb-rich meadows and pastures on mineral soils of temperate Europe | Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising 1951; Caltho-Deschampsion caespitosae Passarge 1976; Lychno-Bromion racemosi Doing 1963; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet 1994; Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising ex de Foucault 2009; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet in Julve 1993; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet ex de Foucault 2011 | Mountain hay meadows | E2.3 |
| Calthion palustris Tx. 1937 | Wet herb-rich meadows and pastures on mineral soils of temperate Europe | Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising 1951; Caltho-Deschampsion caespitosae Passarge 1976; Lychno-Bromion racemosi Doing 1963; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet 1994; Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising ex de Foucault 2009; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet in Julve 1993; Achilleo ptarmicae-Cirsion palustris Julve et Gillet ex de Foucault 2011 | Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland | E3.4 |
| Campanulion albanicae Lakušic 1966 | Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of Montenegro and Kosovo | Campanulion albanicae Lakušic 1964; Campanulion linifoliae Lakušic 1964; Campanulion linifoliae Lakušic 1966; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1967; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1968; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1969; Jasionion linifoliae sensu V. Randelovic et Raxhepi 1980 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Campanulion hawkinsianae Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992 | Montane and subalpine ultramafic scree vegetation of the Pindos (Hellas) | Campanulion hawkinsianae Quézel 1967 | Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures | H2.6 |
| Campanulion velutinae Martínez-Parras et Peinado Lorca 1990 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic limestone crevice vegetation of southernmost Spain and northern Morocco | Saxifragion boissiero-reuteranae Asensi et Díez 1998; Campanulion mollis Martínez-Parras et Peinado Lorca 1990 nom. mut. propos. | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Campanulion versicoloris Quézel 1964 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocks of Hellenic Ionian coasts | Capparo-Putorion Lovric et Rac 1991 | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Campanulo herminii-Nardion Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Oligotrophic mat-grass swards of supra-mediterranean and submediterranean regions of Iberian Peninsula | Galio idubidae-Nardion strictae (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963) de Foucault 1994 | Closed Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.8 |
| Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Relictual supratemperate submediterranean and supra-oromediterranean mat-grass swards of mountains of central and western Iberian Peninsula | Closed Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.8 | |
| Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Relictual supratemperate submediterranean and supra-oromediterranean mat-grass swards of mountains of central and western Iberian Peninsula | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Camphorosmo songoricae-Suaedion corniculatae Freitag et al. 2001 | Hypersaline annual chenopod communities on solonetz soils of Caspian region and northwestern Siberia | Inland saltmarshes | D6.1 | |
| Camphorosmo-Agropyrion desertori Korzhenevsky et Klyukin 1991 | Saline grassland vegetation on clay substrates of disfunctional mud volcanos of Crimea | Continental inland salt steppes | E6.2 | |
| Capparo-Amaracion tournefortii Horvat in Horvat et al. ex Bergmeier et al. 2011 | Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs of northern and central Aegean region | Capparo-Amaracion Horvat in Horvat et al. 1974 | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Caragano fruticis-Pinion sylvestris Solomeshch et al. 2002 | Xeric pine-larch open herb-rich forests of South Urals | [Pinus sylvestris] woodland south of the taiga | G3.4 | |
| Cardaminion graecae Biondi et al. ex Biondi, Pinzi et Gubellini 2013 | Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of Apennines | Cardaminion graecae Biondi et al. 2004 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Cardamino-Montion Br.-Bl. 1926 | Vegetation of cold oligothrophic water-springs in subalpine and alpine belts of mountains of middle and southwestern Europe | Montio-Cardaminion Pawlowski et al. 1928; Montion Maas 1959 | Springs, spring brooks and geysers | C2.1 |
| Carduo carpetani-Cirsion odontolepidis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 | Central-Iberian thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation at high-latitudes | Verbascion nevadensis Esteve et M. López 1973 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Carici dilutae-Juncion gerardii Lysenko et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Sarmatian hygrophytic (sub)saline meadows and pastures of steppe and forest-steppe zones of southern Ukraine and Russia | Inland saltmarshes | D6.1 | |
| Carici humilis-Androsacion tauricae Didukh 1983 nom. inval. | Crimean rocky meadow steppes of higher altitudes of eastern Crimean Mts. | Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes | E1.2 | |
| Carici macrostyli-Nardion (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) de Foucault 1994 | Mat-grass chionophilous swards at high altidues of Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Carici-Juncion trifidi Nordhagen 1943 | Arctic and boreo-arctic rush swards on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard and Iceland | Moss and lichen dominated mountain summits, ridges and exposed slopes | E4.2 | |
| Carici-Juncion trifidi Nordhagen 1943 | Arctic and boreo-arctic rush swards on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard and Iceland | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Carici-Rumicion hydrolapathi Passarge 1964 | Herbland vegetation of unstabilized organic substrates in mesotrophic waters of boreal and temperate Eurasia | Cicution virosae Hejný 1960; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Succow 1974; Oenanthion aquaticae Hejný ex Balátová-Tuláckova et al. 1993; Oenanthion aquaticae Neuhäusl 1959; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Segal in Westhoff et Den Held 1969 | Water-fringing reedbeds and tall helophytes other than canes | C3.2 |
| Carici-Rumicion hydrolapathi Passarge 1964 | Herbland vegetation of unstabilized organic substrates in mesotrophic waters of boreal and temperate Eurasia | Cicution virosae Hejný 1960; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Succow 1974; Oenanthion aquaticae Hejný ex Balátová-Tuláckova et al. 1993; Oenanthion aquaticae Neuhäusl 1959; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Segal in Westhoff et Den Held 1969 | Species-rich helophyte beds | C3.1 |
| Carici-Rumicion hydrolapathi Passarge 1964 | Herbland vegetation of unstabilized organic substrates in mesotrophic waters of boreal and temperate Eurasia | Cicution virosae Hejný 1960; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Succow 1974; Oenanthion aquaticae Hejný ex Balátová-Tuláckova et al. 1993; Oenanthion aquaticae Neuhäusl 1959; Cicution virosae Hejný ex Segal in Westhoff et Den Held 1969 | Beds of large sedges normally without free-standing water | D5.2 |
| Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943 | Small-sedge calcareous fens of Alps and European Arctic | Caricion atrofuscae Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936 | Rich fens, including eutrophic tall-herb fens and calcareous flushes and soaks | D4.1 |
| Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943 | Small-sedge calcareous fens of Alps and European Arctic | Caricion atrofuscae Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936 | Polygon mires | D3.3 |
| Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943 | Small-sedge calcareous fens of Alps and European Arctic | Caricion atrofuscae Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936 | Basic mountain flushes and streamsides, with a rich arctic-montane flora | D4.2 |
| Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943 | Small-sedge calcareous fens of Alps and European Arctic | Caricion atrofuscae Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936 | Palsa mires | D3.1 |
| Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943 | Small-sedge calcareous fens of Alps and European Arctic | Caricion atrofuscae Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris Nordhagen 1935; Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936 | Aapa mires | D3.2 |
| Caricion austroalpinae Sutter 1962 | Supramontane to alpine calcareous subxerophilous swards on Southern Alps | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 | |
| Caricion broterianae (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) J.A. Molina 1996 | Iberio-Atlantic sedge beds along freshwater fast flowing streams | Caricion reuterianae (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) J.A. Molina 1996 nom. mut. propos. | Beds of large sedges normally without free-standing water | D5.2 |
| Caricion curvulae Br.-Bl. 1925 | Alpine sedge swards on siliceous substrates of Alps, Eastern and Southern Carpathians | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Caricion davallianae Klika 1934 | Small-sedge rich-fen vegetation of calcareous oligotrophic flushes, soligenous mires and dune slacks at low altitudes of Europe | Hydrocotylo vulgaris-Schoenion nigricantis de Foucault 1984; Caricion maritimae Br.-Bl. in Volk 1940 nom. mut. propos.; Baeothryion alpini Julve 1993; Caricion incurvae Br.-Bl. in Volk 1940; Caricion paradoxae Vicherek 1958; Caricion pulchello-trinervis de Foucault 1984; Eleocharition pauciflorae Passarge 1964; Eleocharition quinqueflorae Passarge 1968 or 1978; Eriophorion latifolii Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1943; Eriophorion latifolii Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947; Caricion viridulae ssp. viridulae var. pulchello-trinervis (de Foucault 1984) Julve 1989; Schoenion continentale Pignatti 1953; Schoenion ferruginei Nordhagen 1936; Schoenion ferruginei Nordhagen 1937; Scorpidion Du Rietz 1949; Hydrocotylo vulgaris-Schoenion nigricantis de Foucault 2009; Epipactido-Schoenion ferruginei (Klika 1934) Duvigneaud 1949; Caricion pulchello-trinervis de Foucault ex Julve 1989 | Rich fens, including eutrophic tall-herb fens and calcareous flushes and soaks | D4.1 |
| Caricion davallianae Klika 1934 | Small-sedge rich-fen vegetation of calcareous oligotrophic flushes, soligenous mires and dune slacks at low altitudes of Europe | Hydrocotylo vulgaris-Schoenion nigricantis de Foucault 1984; Caricion maritimae Br.-Bl. in Volk 1940 nom. mut. propos.; Baeothryion alpini Julve 1993; Caricion incurvae Br.-Bl. in Volk 1940; Caricion paradoxae Vicherek 1958; Caricion pulchello-trinervis de Foucault 1984; Eleocharition pauciflorae Passarge 1964; Eleocharition quinqueflorae Passarge 1968 or 1978; Eriophorion latifolii Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1943; Eriophorion latifolii Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947; Caricion viridulae ssp. viridulae var. pulchello-trinervis (de Foucault 1984) Julve 1989; Schoenion continentale Pignatti 1953; Schoenion ferruginei Nordhagen 1936; Schoenion ferruginei Nordhagen 1937; Scorpidion Du Rietz 1949; Hydrocotylo vulgaris-Schoenion nigricantis de Foucault 2009; Epipactido-Schoenion ferruginei (Klika 1934) Duvigneaud 1949; Caricion pulchello-trinervis de Foucault ex Julve 1989 | Basic mountain flushes and streamsides, with a rich arctic-montane flora | D4.2 |
| Caricion ferrugineae G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931 | Supramontane to alpine calcareous meso-hygrophilous sedge swards of Alps and Carpathians | Calamagrostion variae Sillinger 1932; Caricion ferrugineae Höhn 1936; Laserpition latifolii Richard 1977; Festucion carpaticae Belohlávková et Fišerová 1989 | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Caricion firmae Gams 1936 | Wind-exposed calcarous sedge swards in alpine belt of Alps and Carpathians | Caricion firmae Hadac 1962; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Wendelberger 1962; Loiseleurion calcicolum Wendelberger 1970; Loiseleurion calcicolum Wendelberger 1971 | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Aapa mires | D3.2 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Transition mires and quaking bogs | D2.3 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Moist or wet oligotrophic grassland | E3.5 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Polygon mires | D3.3 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Poor fens and soft-water spring mires | D2.2 |
| Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 | Fen meadows with dominating sedges and forbs on non-calcareous soils of temperate Europe and high-altitudes of Mediterranean | Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostio caninae-Caricion curtae Julve 1993; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967; Calamagrostion neglectae Palczynski 1975; Carici-Nardion V. Randelovic 1998; Carici-Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Caricion canescenti-fuscae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1936; Caricion canescenti-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937; Caricion nigrae Koch 1926 nom. mut. propos.; Comaro palustris-Juncion effusi Passarge 1999; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933; Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1934; Eriophorion scheuchzeri Hadac 1939; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1936; Narthecion scardici Horvat 1960; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1968; Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušic 1970; Ranunculo-Caricion fuscae Passarge 1978; Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 nom. dubium propos.; Sphagnion teretis Succow 1974; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nom. mut. propos.; Anagallido tenellae-Juncion acutiflori Br.-Bl. 1967 nom. corr. propos.; Caricion curto-nigrae (Koch 1926) Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Parvocaricion canescentis-fuscae Duvigneaud et Vanden Berghen 1945; Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Palsa mires | D3.1 |
| Caricion glareosae Nordhagen 1954 | Boreo-arctic upper-marsh saline coastal swards of seaboards of Northern Atlantic and Arctic Oceans | Magnocaricion glareosae Shimwell 1973 | Coastal saltmarshes and saline reedbeds | A2.5 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Poor fens and soft-water spring mires | D2.2 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Transition mires and quaking bogs | D2.3 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Valley mires | D2.1 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Aapa mires | D3.2 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Polygon mires | D3.3 |
| Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949 | Mesotrophic sedge fens of wet sites on peat and mineral soils of Europe | Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion diandrae Palczynski 1975; Eriophorion gracilis Preising in Oberd. 1957; Junco acutiflori-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Junco subnodulosi-Caricion lasiocarpae Julve 1993; Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943 p.p.; Caricion chordorrhizo-lasiocarpae (Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949) Julve 1993; Meeseo-Caricion limosae (Preising in Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1978; Carici lasiocarpae-Eriophorion vaginati Voroiov et al. 1997 | Palsa mires | D3.1 |
| Caricion remotae Kästner 1941 | Communities of muddy water-springs in shaded forest habitats of lowland to montane belt of middle and northwestern Europe | Cardaminion Maas 1959; Caricion remotae Kästner 1940; Ranunculo repentis-Impatiention noli-tangere Passarge 1967 | Springs, spring brooks and geysers | C2.1 |
| Caricion stenophyllae Golub et Saveleva 1991 | Subhaline steppe grasslands around limans of Lower Volga region in semi-desert zone | Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes | E1.2 | |
| Caro multiflori-Aurinion megalocarpae Terzi et D'Amico 2008 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of southeastern Italian Adriatic and Ionian coasts | Campanulo versicoloris-Dianthion japigici Di Pietro et Wagensommer 2008 | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 | Oak-hornbeam forests of Western and Central Europe, northern Balkans and western part of Eastern Europe | Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet 1986; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Carpinion betuli (Tx. 1936) Oberd. 1953; Carpinion dacicum Soó 1964; Carpinion-(Fagion) Mayer 1937 (orig. form); Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Eu-Carpinion Scamoni et Passarge 1959; Fraxino-Carpinion Tx. 1937; Galio-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Lathyro hallersteinii-Carpinion Boscaiu 1974; Luzulion luzuloidis Julve 1993; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Mercuriali-Carpinion S. Müller ex Julve 1988; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Pulmonario-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Querco-Carpinion betuli Rameau 1996; Querco-Fagion Rameau 1997; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet ex Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Carpinion (S. Müller 1978) Julve 1988; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Tilio cordatae-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | [Ilex aquifolium] woods | G2.6 |
| Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 | Oak-hornbeam forests of Western and Central Europe, northern Balkans and western part of Eastern Europe | Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet 1986; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Carpinion betuli (Tx. 1936) Oberd. 1953; Carpinion dacicum Soó 1964; Carpinion-(Fagion) Mayer 1937 (orig. form); Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Eu-Carpinion Scamoni et Passarge 1959; Fraxino-Carpinion Tx. 1937; Galio-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Lathyro hallersteinii-Carpinion Boscaiu 1974; Luzulion luzuloidis Julve 1993; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Mercuriali-Carpinion S. Müller ex Julve 1988; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Pulmonario-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Querco-Carpinion betuli Rameau 1996; Querco-Fagion Rameau 1997; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet ex Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Carpinion (S. Müller 1978) Julve 1988; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Tilio cordatae-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Coniferous woodland dominated by [Cupressaceae] or [Taxaceae] | G3.9 |
| Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 | Oak-hornbeam forests of Western and Central Europe, northern Balkans and western part of Eastern Europe | Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet 1986; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Carpinion betuli (Tx. 1936) Oberd. 1953; Carpinion dacicum Soó 1964; Carpinion-(Fagion) Mayer 1937 (orig. form); Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Eu-Carpinion Scamoni et Passarge 1959; Fraxino-Carpinion Tx. 1937; Galio-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Lathyro hallersteinii-Carpinion Boscaiu 1974; Luzulion luzuloidis Julve 1993; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Mercuriali-Carpinion S. Müller ex Julve 1988; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Pulmonario-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Querco-Carpinion betuli Rameau 1996; Querco-Fagion Rameau 1997; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet ex Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Carpinion (S. Müller 1978) Julve 1988; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Tilio cordatae-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Meso- and eutrophic [Quercus], [Carpinus], [Fraxinus], [Acer], [Tilia], [Ulmus] and related woodland | G1.A |
| Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 | Oak-hornbeam forests of Western and Central Europe, northern Balkans and western part of Eastern Europe | Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet 1986; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Carpinion betuli (Tx. 1936) Oberd. 1953; Carpinion dacicum Soó 1964; Carpinion-(Fagion) Mayer 1937 (orig. form); Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Eu-Carpinion Scamoni et Passarge 1959; Fraxino-Carpinion Tx. 1937; Galio-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Lathyro hallersteinii-Carpinion Boscaiu 1974; Luzulion luzuloidis Julve 1993; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Mercuriali-Carpinion S. Müller ex Julve 1988; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Pulmonario-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Querco-Carpinion betuli Rameau 1996; Querco-Fagion Rameau 1997; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge 1968; Polytricho-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Bromo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stellario-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Stachyo-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Aceri campestris-Carpinion betuli Gillet ex Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Carpinion (S. Müller 1978) Julve 1988; Melampyro-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Tilio cordatae-Carpinion (Oberd. 1957) Kissling 1983; Dactylido-Carpinion betuli Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Coastal dune woods | B1.7 |
| Carpino betuli–Quercion petraeae Grebenshchikov et al. 1990 | Caucasian xero-mesic forests with Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Acer laetum on brown forest soils over limestone | Thermophilous deciduous woodland | G1.7 | |
| Carpino orientalis-Quercion pubescentis Korzhenevsky et Shelyag-Sosonko 1983 | Crimean thermophilous oak forests on deep brown forest soils in mesic habitats over limestone | Thermophilous deciduous woodland | G1.7 | |
| Carpino-Prunion spinosae Weber 1974 | Mesophilous hedges and scrub of mesotrophic base-rich soils in northern temperate zone of Europe | Rubion subatlanticum Tx. 1952 p.p.; Urtico-Crataegion Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Carpino-Prunion spinosae Weber 1974 | Mesophilous hedges and scrub of mesotrophic base-rich soils in northern temperate zone of Europe | Rubion subatlanticum Tx. 1952 p.p.; Urtico-Crataegion Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Coastal dune scrub | B1.6 |
