Night Heron - Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Quick facts
| Threat status Europe | Least Concern (IUCN) |
|---|---|
| Protected by | EU Birds Directive and 3 other international agreements |
| Natura 2000 sites | 1135 are designated for this species |
| Natura 2000 species code | A023 |
Distribution
The distribution map is currently disabled. A new map solution will soon become available. In the meantime, please consult other species distribution map providers listed in the Other resources panel below.
Threat and conservation status
Natura 2000 sites
Protected in the following Natura 2000 sites
Protected sites
Please note the site map takes a while to display.Legal status
Mentioned in the following international legal instruments and agreements
Common names and synonyms
Common Name
 |
Language
|
Reference
|
|---|---|---|
| Bakcsó | Hungarian | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Bihoreau gris | French | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Goraz | Portuguese | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Héron bihoreau | French | EC-DGXI.d2, ETC/NC |
| Kwak | Dutch | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Martinete | Spanish | EC-DGXI.d2, ETC/NC |
| Martinete Común | Spanish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Nachtreiher | German | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Nathejre | Danish | EC-DGXI.d2, ETC/NC |
| Natthäger | Swedish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Night Heron | English | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Nitticora | Italian | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Slepowron | Polish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Yöhaikara | Finnish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
No synonyms available.
Other resources
| CoL (accepted name) | Catalogue of Life |
| EBCC Atlas of breeding birds | European Bird Census Council's Atlas of Breeding Birds |
| EURing code:01040 | European bird-ringing |
| EoL | Encyclopedia of Life |
| Fauna Europaea | Fauna Europaea |
| GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| ITIS (Valid name) | Interagency Taxonomic Information System |
| NCBI search | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| PESI (Accepted) | Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure |
| Wikipedia | Wikipedia |
External data
Population distribution from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2
These publications present a thorough and detailed review of the conservation status of European birds. Based on detailed breeding and wintering population data collected in each country, the report provides a review of the population sizes and trends of Species of European Conservation Concern.
1
| Country | Biogeographic region | Min / Max (Units) | Period | Status | Quality | Source | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 0/10 (pairs) | 1992-2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Albania | 50/200 (pairs) | 1964 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Armenia | 50/249 (pairs) | 1998-2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Austria | 40/70 (pairs) | 1998-2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Austria | 12/16 (pairs) | 1989-1990 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Azerbaijan | 2500/5000 (pairs) | 1996-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belarus | 5/27 (pairs) | 1999-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belarus | 0/5 (pairs) | 1990 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Belgium | 13/14 (pairs) | 2000-2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belgium | 0/1 (individuals) | 1995-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belgium | 2/3 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 4/5 (pairs) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Bulgaria | 1800/2500 (pairs) | 1995-2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Bulgaria | 0/60 (individuals) | 1997-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Bulgaria | 500/5000 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Croatia | 500/600 (pairs) | 2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Croatia | 690/1000 (pairs) | 1991 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Czech Republic | 480/500 (pairs) | 2000 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Czech Republic | Continental | 300/370 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| France | 50/150 (individuals) | 1998-2002 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| France | 4500/5500 (pairs) | 1998-2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| France | 4143/4143 (pairs) | 1989 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Georgia | Present/Present (pairs) | 2003 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Germany | 35/35 (pairs) | 1995-1999 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Germany | 20/30 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Greece | 30/150 (individuals) | 1999-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Greece | 800/1200 (pairs) | 1995-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Greece | Mediterranean | 500/600 (pairs) | 1986 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Hungary | 2400/3600 (pairs) | 1995-2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Hungary | Pannonian | 4000/4800 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Italy | 100/350 (individuals) | 2002 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Italy | 12000/14000 (pairs) | 2003 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Italy | 19000/21000 (pairs) | 1991 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Macedonia (FYR) | 180/200 (pairs) | 1999 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 0/20 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 1500/1800 (pairs) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 3500/5000 (pairs) | 1985 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Netherlands | 0/0 (pairs) | 1998-2000 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Netherlands | Atlantic | 0/3 (pairs) | 1989-1991 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Poland | 513/513 (pairs) | 2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Poland | 50/60 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Portugal | 30/120 (pairs) | 2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Portugal | 200/300 (pairs) | 1991 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Romania | 10/500 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Romania | 6500/8000 (pairs) | 1996-2002 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Romania | 3000/7000 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Russian Federation | 10000/15000 (pairs) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Russian Federation | 9000/11000 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Serbia and Montenegro | 2200/2500 (pairs) | 2000-2002 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Slovakia | 100/400 (pairs) | 1990-1999 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Slovakia | 100/300 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Slovenia | 3/5 (pairs) | 2000 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Slovenia | 5/10 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Spain | 2167/4430 (pairs) | 1998-2002 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Spain | 1480/2210 (pairs) | 1989-1990 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Turkey | 4000/8000 (pairs) | 2001 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Turkey | 200/250 (individuals) | 1991-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Turkey | 1000/3000 (pairs) | - | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Ukraine | 0/49 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ukraine | 10400/12900 (pairs) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ukraine | 3645/5000 (pairs) | 1986 | Breeding | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
Population trends from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2
These publications present a thorough and detailed review of the conservation status of European birds. Based on detailed breeding and wintering population data collected in each country, the report provides a review of the population sizes and trends of Species of European Conservation Concern.
1
| Country | Biogeographic region | Period | Status | Trend | Quality | Source | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Decreasing : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Albania | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Armenia | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Austria | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Austria | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Large decrease of at least 50% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Azerbaijan | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belarus | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing but of unknown magnitude | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belarus | 1970-1990 | Breeding | New breeder within the period | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Belgium | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belgium | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belgium | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Decreasing between 50% to 79% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Bulgaria | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Bulgaria | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Bulgaria | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Croatia | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Decreasing between 20% to 29% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Croatia | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Czech Republic | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 30% to 49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Czech Republic | Continental | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Large increase of at least 50% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| France | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 0% to 9% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| France | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Unknown | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| France | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small increase of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Georgia | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Unknown | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Germany | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Germany | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Greece | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating between 30% to 49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Greece | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Greece | Mediterranean | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Hungary | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Hungary | Pannonian | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Italy | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating between 20% to 29% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Italy | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Fluctuating between 20% to 29% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Italy | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small increase of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Macedonia (FYR) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Decreasing between 50% to 79% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Moldova, Republic of | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Netherlands | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Decreasing but no trend value given | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Netherlands | Atlantic | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Large decrease of at least 50% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Poland | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 480% to 490% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Poland | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Portugal | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Decreasing | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Portugal | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Romania | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Romania | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Romania | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Russian Federation | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Russian Federation | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Serbia and Montenegro | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 10% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Slovakia | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Slovakia | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Slovenia | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Fluctuating | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Slovenia | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Spain | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Fluctuating | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Spain | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Turkey | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 30% to 49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Turkey | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Increasing between 50% to 79% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Turkey | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Small decrease of 20-49% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Ukraine | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Fluctuating between 30% to 49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ukraine | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Increasing between 0% to 19% | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ukraine | 1970-1990 | Breeding | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
