Caledonian forest

English name: Caledonian forest

Description (English)

Relict, indigenous Scots pine forests of endemic Pinus sylvestris var. scotica, limited to the central and northeastern Grampians of Scotland. They are mostly open and have a ground layer usually rich in ericaceous species and mosses, in particular, Hylocomium splendens, and often harbouring, together with abundant Deschampsia flexuosa, Goodyera repens, Listera cordata, Corallorhiza trifida, Linnaea borealis, Trientalis europaea, Pyrola minor, Moneses uniflora, Orthilia secunda. Accompanying, dominated, tree species include Juniperus communis, Sorbus aucuparia, Betula pubescens, Betula pendula, Ilex aquifolium, Populus tremula.

Source:
EUNIS habitat classification
Interpretation Manual of the habitats targeted by Resolution No. 4

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type code G3.41
Bern Convention Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)
Relation to Annex I habitat types (EU Habitats Directive)

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Species mentioned in habitat description

Conifers Juniperus communis
Flowering Plants Betula pendula
Flowering Plants Betula pubescens
Flowering Plants Corallorhiza trifida
Flowering Plants Deschampsia flexuosa
Flowering Plants Goodyera repens
Flowering Plants Ilex aquifolium
Flowering Plants Linnaea borealis
Flowering Plants Listera cordata
Flowering Plants Moneses uniflora
Flowering Plants Orthilia secunda
Flowering Plants Populus tremula
Flowering Plants Pyrola minor
Flowering Plants Sorbus aucuparia
Flowering Plants Trientalis europaea
Mosses & Liverworts Hylocomium splendens
Species scientific name English common name Species group
Juniperus communis Conifers
Betula pendula Flowering Plants
Betula pubescens Flowering Plants
Corallorhiza trifida Flowering Plants
Deschampsia flexuosa Flowering Plants
Goodyera repens Flowering Plants
Ilex aquifolium Flowering Plants
Linnaea borealis Flowering Plants
Listera cordata Flowering Plants
Moneses uniflora Flowering Plants
Orthilia secunda Flowering Plants
Populus tremula Flowering Plants
Pyrola minor Flowering Plants
Sorbus aucuparia Flowering Plants
Trientalis europaea Flowering Plants
Hylocomium splendens Mosses & Liverworts

Other classifications

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 200112 42.51 Caledonian forest source
CORINE Land Cover 3.1.2. Coniferous forest n/a
BEAR Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment 05 Middle and south boreal and hemiboreal pine forest wider
Biodiversity Action Plan Priority Habitats (UK) 6 Native pinewoods same
National Vegetation Classification (UK) W18 Pinus sylvestris-Hylocomium splendens woodland narrower
For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification Code Habitat type name Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 G3.41 Caledonian forest same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 G3.41 Caledonian forest same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 G3.41 Caledonian forest same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 G3.41 Caledonian forest same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 G3.41 Caledonian forest same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 G3.51 Caledonian forest same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 42.51 Caledonian forest same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 42.51 Caledonian forest same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 42.51   same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 42.51   same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 42.51   same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 42.51   same
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