Red List habitat classification > RLF - Heathland and scrub > RLF6.1a Western basiphilous garrigue

Western basiphilous garrigue

Quick facts

Red List habitat type	code RLF6.1a
Threat status
Europe	Least Concern
EU	Least Concern
Relation to	Resolution 4 habitat type (Bern Convention) EUNIS habitat classification (2007)
Source	European Red List habitat factsheet
	European Red List of habitats reports
	European Red List of habitats (Excel table)

Summary

Scrub vegetation dominated by xerophytic chamaephytes, mostly of cushion-shaped, nano-phanerophytes and sometimes tuffed perennial grasses and hemicryptophytes, on shallow or eroded soils derived from rocks with alkaline reaction of the western Mediterranean subregion. Common substrata are limestone (calcium carbonate rich), dolomitic (magnesium carbonate rich) and ultramafic rocks with alkaline reaction. The habitat type F6.1a is, in most cases, seral vegetation stage following degradation of zonal forests distributed from the thermo to meso-mediterranean, seldom to the low supra-mediterranean, semi-arid to sub-humid vegetation belts. In rocky outcrops or crests it may have a permanent character and form the climax vegetation. Also in semi-arid regions, such as those in the Murcia-Almerian province, it may stand as permanent vegetation in large areas.

The habitat is frequently dominated by shrubs of the families Labiatae and Fabaceae of neomediterranean character. It comprises a broad diversity of plant communities, especially in Spain, and includes many local endemic taxa, thus having a high conservation value. This vegetation has historically expanded its area due to soil erosion after the destruction of woodlands for agriculture and cattle grazing. It may also be promoted by wildfires, as most plants are R-strategist seeders and fire-prone. The biogeographic and bioclimatic variability allows the recognition of three subgroups (vegetation orders): Rosmarinetalia (dry to subhumid central and west Iberian limestone), Antyllidetalia terniflorae (semi-arid limestone and marl Murcia-Almerian province) and Convolvuletalia boissieri (dolomite and ultramafic), containing in total thirteen alliances.

As basiphilous garrigues have enormous syntaxonomic and floristic diversity in the western Mediterranean, some degree of interpretation is needed. We follow the concept of Mucina et al. (2014) with several modifications. The core concept is that of chamaephyte- and nano- phanerophyte-dominated scrub on eroded or thin soils in substrata with alkaline reaction, either derived from limestone, dolomitic (rich in magnesium carbonate) or sometimes ultramafic rock, in thermo-mediterranean and meso-mediterranean belts. The vegetation corresponds to a large part of the class Rosmarinetea officinalis (in the sense of Rivas-Martínez et al., 1991, = Ononido-Rosmarinetea in Mucina et al.) and mostly to the widespread dry to sub-humid order Rosmarinetalia. Also the semi-arid limestone communities of the Murcia-Almerian province (order Anthyllidetalia terniflorae) are included. Gypsum communities (order Gipsophylletalia) are excluded (included in F6.7), but magnesium-prone ones are included (order Convolvuletalia boissieri). The equivalent habitats in west european calcareous mountains, mostly in supra and oro-mediterranean thermotypes, sometimes in sub-mediterranean temperate bioclimate are excluded and systematized in F6.6, F6.7 and F7.4. By the same reasoning all hedgehog heath (order Erinacetalia anthylis) is excluded and belongs to F7.4. The following syntaxa, in many cases ascribed to Rosmarinetea are thus excluded from F6.1a: Erysimo-Jurinetalia bocconei (F7.4b), Festuco-Ononidetalia striatae (F74.a). Also, not following Mucina et al., mountain garrigues of the following alliances are excluded: Polygalo-Genistion corsicae, Helianthemo-Aphyllantion monspeliensis (F6.6), Alyssion bertolonii (F7.4a), Artemisio albae-Saturejion montanae (F7.4a), Lavandulo latifoliae-Genistion (Echinospartion) boissieri (F6.6), Siderito incanae-Salvio lavandulifoliae (F6.6). However Cisto eriocephali-Ericion multiflorae is included to stand for an Italo- Thyrrenean irradiation of the east-mediterranean Cisto-Micromerietea class or otherwise considered in Rosmarinetea (West Mediterranean). Garrigues in limestone sea-cliffs (order Helichrysetalia italici) are excluded and classifiable in either F7.1-2 (west Mediterranean coastal garrigues) or B3.1-3b (Mediterranean and Black Sea rocky shores).

Indicators of good quality:

Apart from the primary ecological niches of the habitat (crests and rocky outcrops), it’s presence is s dependent on disturbances of low to moderate degree; otherwise, it is expected to be substituded along the succession process by forest communities. Although such processes are slow or even ‘locked’ by persistence of disturbance or feeble water capacity, the whole mosaic of garrigues and other habitats (grasslands, forests) in dry sub-humid types with shallow soils should be balanced by active management (burning or traditional agriculture and grazing). At its permanent positions on rock crests no management is required for the conservation of the habitat. Species rich, “saturated” variations of the habitat need the emphasis to be given on conservation, while the species-poor pioneer stages are of lower conservation value but potentially these evolve into more species rich communities.. Another indicator of the habitat’s good quality is the presence of the majority of its local characteristic species.

Characteristic species

Characteristic species:

Flora, Vascular plants:

Anthyllis cytisoides, Anthyllis gandogeri, Aphyllanthes monspeliensis, Argyrolobium zanonii, Asperula brachysiphon, Astragalus chlorocyaneus, Astragalus granatensis, Atractylis humilis, Bupleurum fruticescens, Cephalaria leucantha, Cheirolophus intybaceus, Cistus albidus, Convolvulus lanuginosus, Coris monspeliensis, Coronilla lotoides, Coronilla minima subsp. minima, Digitalis obscura, Dorycnium pentaphyllum, Elaoselinum tenuifolium, Fumana ericoides, Fumana hispidula, Fumana procumbens subsp. procumbens, Fumana thymifolia, Globularia alypum, Helianthemum syriacum, Helianthemum violaceum, Hippocrepis squamata, Koeleria vallesiana, Ononis angustifolia, Picris hispanica, Rosmarinus officinalis, Sideritis incana, Staehelina dubia, Thesium divaricatum, Thymelaea ruizii, Thymus vulgaris,Valeriana tuberosa, Aristolochia pistolochia, Astragalus alopecuroides, Astragalus glaux, Catananche caerulea, Centaurea pinae, Cephalaria leucantha, Cistus clusii, Cytinus ruber, Dianthus hispanicus, Elaeoselinum hispanicum, Euphorbia flavicoma, Euphorbia hispanica, Euphorbia isatidifolia, Euphorbia nicaeensis, Fritillaria boissieri, Fumana montana, Fumana laevipes, Fumana laevis, Globularia vulgaris, Halimium atriplicifolium, Hedysarum europaeum, Helianthemum apenninum subsp. apenninum, Helianthemum asperum, Helianthemum cinereum subsp. rotundifolium, Helianthemum rotundifolium, Helianthemum croceum subsp. stoechadifolium, Helianthemum hirtum, Helianthemum marifolium, Hippocrepis bourgaei, Iberis nazarita, Klasea leucantha, Klasea pinnatifida, Lavandula latifolia, Leuzea conifera, Linaria aeruginea, Linum suffruticosum, Lithodora fruticosa, Ononis minutissima, Ononis pusilla, Onosma hispanica, Orobanche latisquama, Paronychia aretioides, Rosmarinus palaui, Ruta chalepensis, Satureja barceloi, Satureja obovata, Scorzonera hispanica subsp. crispatula, Serratula flavescens subsp. leucantha, Serratula pinnatifida, Sideritis fruticulosa, Teucrium bicoloreum, Teucrium capitatum, , Teucrium hanseleri, Thymelaea elliptica, Thymelaea tinctoria, Viola arborescens, Cistus creticus, Genista corsica, Centaurea caballeroi, Centaurea dufourii, Cistus creticus, Cytinus pityusensis, Dianthus multiceps, Dianthus pungens, Erica multiflora, Genista dorycnifolia, Genista lucida, Genista trichoacantha, Guillonea scabra, Helianthemum caput-felis, Helianthemum cavanillesianum, Helianthemum molle, Helianthemum origanifolium, Hippocrepis fruticescens, Lavandula dentata, Ononis microphylla, Polygala rupestris, Satureja nervosa, Satureja rodriguezii, Sideritis albicaulis, Sideritis cardoana, Sideritis tragoriganum, Teucrium integrifolium, Teucrium spinescens, Teucrium x coeleste, Thymelaea sanamunda, Thymus aestivus, Ulex parviflorus, Vincetoxicum apodum, Aristolochia bianorii, Centaurea antennata, Lotus tetraphyllus, Phlomis italica, Satureja innota, Teucrium album, Anthyllis lagascana, Anthyllis onobrychioides, Arenaria pseudarmeriastrum, Centaurea rouyi, Dianthus fontqueri, Salvia mariolensis, Satureja valentina, Teucrium homotrichum, Thymelaea argentata, Thymelaea valentina, Thymus piperella, Dianthus contestanus, Linaria hegelmaieri, Thymelaea velutina, Genista pillosa subsp. jordanii, Cistus creticus subsp. eriocephalus, Dorycnium hirsutum, Fumana arabica, Micromeria nervosa, Teucrium flavum, Thymelaea tartonraira, Cytisus plumosus, Helianthemum andalusicum, Helianthemum hirtum subsp. bethuricum, Hyacinthoides vicentina subsp. vicentina, Iberis microcarpa, Klasea neglecta, Rosmarinus xmendizabali, Satureja micrantha, Sideritis lusitanica, Sideritis grandiflora, Sideritis reverchonii, Teucrium eriocephalum, Teucrium rixanense, Thymbra capitata, Thymus longiflorus, Thymus lotocephalus, Ulex scaber, Asperula hirsute, Genista hirsuta subsp. algarbiensis, Staureja graeca subsp. micrantha, Serratula baetica subsp. lusitanica, Sideritis algarviensis subsp. lusitanica, Teucrium algarbiensis, Teucrium lusitanicum, Thymus lotocephalus, Biscutella vicentina, Sideritis algarviensis subsp. algarviensis, Teucrium vicentinum, Ulex erinaceus, Bartsia aspera, Iberis procumbens subsp. microcarpa, Serratula estremadurensis, Sideritis hirsuta subsp. hirtula, Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris, Ulex densus, Armeria platyphylla, Galium balearicum, Hypericum ericoides, Sideritis sericea, Vincetoxicum balearicum, Anthyllis balearica, Astragalus balearicus, Euphorbia balearica, Genista valdesbermejoi, Helichrysum microphyllum, Hypericum balearicum, Linaria pruinosa, Ononis crispa, Sonchus willkommii, Teucrium subspinosum, Anthyllis terniflora, Anthyllis xmedia, Astragalus hispanicus, Centaurea intybacea, Cistus carthaginensis, Convolvulus sericeus, Coris rivasiana, Elaeoselinum tenuifolium, Helianthemum cinereum, Helianthemum hispidulum, Helianthemum scopulorum, Hippocrepis scabra, Klasea mucronata, Linum jimenezii, Onobrychis stenorhiza, Paronychia suffruticosa, Satureja canescens, Sideritis murgetana,Teucrium gracillimum, Teucrium murcicum, Thymus hyemalis, Centaurea spachii, Fumana fontanesii, Helianthemum almeriense, Helianthemum guerrae, Helianthemum marminorense, Matthiola rigualii, Sideritis chamaedryfolia, Sideritis ibanyezii, Sideritis pusilla, Teucrium carthaginense, Thymus ciliatus, Thymus murcicus, Sideritis leucantha, Teucrium carolipaui, Thymus xdiazii, Vella lucentina, Dianthus charidemi, Sideritis osteoxyla, Sideritis granatensis, Teucrium cavanillesianum, Teucrium charidemi, Teucrium almeriense, Teucrium hieronymi, Teucrium xguemesii, Teucrium xportusmagni, Anabasis articulata, Diplotaxis intricata, Euzomodendron bourgeanum, Herniaria almeriana, Limonium album, Limonium carthaginense, Limonium estevei, Limonium tabernense, Moricandia foetida, Salsola papillosa, Sideritis alhamillensis, Teucrium lanigerum, Helianthemum hieronymi, Sideritis bourgaeana, Sideritis leucantha subsp. incana, Sideritis pauciflora, Sideritis serrata, Teucrium franchetianum, Teucrium martinii, Thymus antoninae, Thymus funkii, Thymus xparadoxus, Anthyllis polycephala, Anthyllis ramburii, Anthyllis tejedensis, Centaurea granatensis, Convolvulus boissieri, Digitalis laciniata, Erodium astragaloides, Festuca plicata, Fumana baetica, Fumana paradoxa, Helianthemum suffruticosum, Helianthemum neopiliferum, Helianthemum pannosum, Helianthemum raynaudii, Hippocrepis eriocarpa, Onobrychis argentea, Ononis cephalotes, Pterocephalus spathulatus, Thymus granatensis, Andryala agardhii, Anthyllis rupestris, Arenaria caesia, Arenaria racemosa, Arenaria tomentosa, Armeria trevenqueana, Armeria longiaristata, Centaurea genesii-lopezii, Chamaespartium undulatum, Erodium boissieri, Erysimum cazorlense, Festuca segimonensis, Globularia spinosa, Hedysarum costaetalentis, Helianthemum frigidulum, Jasione segurensis, Leucanthemopsis spathulifolia, Lithodora nitida, Rothmaleria granatensis, Santolina elegans, Scabiosa pulsatilloides, Scorzonera albicans, Silene tejedensis, Alyssum atlanticum, Anthyllis plumosa, Arenaria delaguardiae, Cistus parviflorus, Digitalis integrifolia, Erysimum rondae, Helianthemum estevei, Helianthemum viscidulum, Lavandula lanata, Sideritis arborescens, Sideritis occidentalis, Teucrium reverchonii, Teucrium serranum, Thymelaea angustifolia, Thymus baeticus, Thymus sabulicola, Alyssum malacitanum, Armeria carratracensis, Centaurea carratracensis, Genista lanuginosa, Halimium serpentinicola, Klasea baetica, Scorzonera baetica, Staehelina baetica, Ulex baeticus.

For full habitat description, please download the habitat factsheet.

Threat status

Synthesis of Red List assessment

A stable or a very slight reduction in quantity and quality since the last 50 year, mostly due to vegetation succession as a result of the land abandonment, result in a Least Concern (LC) assessment. The future prospects for the habitat are also assessed as stable both in the EU28 and EU28+ countries. In spite of the habitat’s abundant occurrence and the absence of relevant threats, the wide local variation of the habitat type should be taken into account when designing and implementing management practices. The habitat is very species-rich and contains many narrow endemics amongst which many threatened species.

EU
Red List Category	Red List Criteria
Least Concern	-

Europe
Red List Category	Red List Criteria
Least Concern	-

Confidence in the assessment

medium

Red List of habitat categories and criteria descriptions

European Red List of Habitats categories

Based on Scientific Foundations for an IUCN Red List of Ecosystems

European Red List of Habitats criteria

Reduction in quantity (area of distribution)	A	A1 Present decline (over last 50 years) A2a Future decline (over the next 50 years) A2b Future/present decline (over a 50-year period inclunding present and future) A3 Historic decline
Restricted geographic distribution	B	B1 Restricted Extent of Occurrence (EOO) B2 Restricted Area of Occupancy (AOO) B3 Present at few locations
Reduction in abiotic quality	C	C/D1 Reduction in quality over the last 50 years C/D2 Reduction in quality in the future or in a period including present and future C/D3 Historic reduction in quality
Reduction in biotic quality	D
Quantitative analysis of probability of collapse	E

From Scientific Foundations for an IUCN Red List of Ecosystems

Pressures and threats

Agriculture

Agricultural intensification

Sylviculture, forestry

Artificial planting on open ground (non-native trees)

Urbanisation, residential and commercial development

Discontinuous urbanisation

Natural System modifications

Lack of fires

Natural biotic and abiotic processes (without catastrophes)

Species composition change (succession)

Habitat restoration potential

The habitat is a meta-stable successional stage following agricultural abandonment, long fallow period or a time period between wildfires. If succession is allowed, it is expected that after a period of 10 to 20 years, a species 'saturated' stage (beyond the pioneer stages) could be achieved and kept stable for a long while. Afterwards, in soils less shallow, the vegetation succession is expected to progress to pre-forest/forest stages.

Trends in extent
Average current trend in quantity
Stable	Stable
EU28	EU28+

Trends in quality
Average current trend in quality
Stable	Stable
EU28	EU28+

Conservation and management needs

For best conservation management measures and results, the maintenance of a balanced proportion of low-intensity agriculture with long fallow periods (by implementing agro-environmental policies) is suggested.
When designing management meaures in the context of local and regional policies, the local and regional variants of the habitat type (F6.1b) with the possible peculiarities in species and endemic/rare/threatened species composition should be taken in account.. The most effective way of implementing different conservation measures depending on the conservation value of the different sub-types of the same habitat type is to use their species composition for different legal conservation status and actions.
Micro-reserves or other designation regimes sites network could safeguard, , even in agricultural territories, the preservation of all the constituent flora species and mature status of the habitat. The short fallow periods implie that habitats are always kept in early succession stages characterized by a low number of species (pioneer species). In conservation oriented agricultural land, i.e. managed to include also conservation objectives, the maintenance of a proportion of land with longer fallow period (thus allowing succession and species saturation of the habitat) is suggested.

List of conservation and management needs

Measures related to agriculture and open habitats

Other agriculture-related measures

Measures related to spatial planning

Establish protected areas/sites
Establishing wilderness areas/allowing succession
Legal protection of habitats and species

Distribution

For each habitat a distribution map was produced from a wide variety of sources indicating known and potential occurrences of the habitat in 10x10 km grids within Europe. Occurrences in grid cells were given in two classes: actual distribution from relatively reliable sources (surveys, expert knowledge), and potential distribution based on models or less reliable indicators. Please download the fact sheet to see the map.

Geographic occurrence and trends

EU28	Present or presence uncertain	Current area of habitat (Km²)	Recent trend in quantity (last 50 years)	Recent trend in quality (last 50 years)
France mainland	Present	unknown	Unknown	Unknown
Corsica	Present	unknown	Unknown	Unknown
Italy mainland	Present	2811	Decreasing	Stable
Sardinia	Present	2811	Decreasing	Stable
Sicily	Present	2811	Decreasing	Stable
Portugal mainland	Present	59	Unknown	Increasing
Spain mainland	Present	6105	Decreasing	Decreasing
Balearic Islands	Present	6105	Decreasing	Decreasing

EU28 +	Present or presence uncertain	Current area of habitat (Km²)	Recent trend in quantity (last 50 years)	Recent trend in quality (last 50 years)

Extent of Occurrence, Area of Occupancy and habitat area

	Extent of Occurrence (EOO) (Km²)	Area of Occupancy (AOO)	Current estimated Total Area	Comment
EU28	402000	1056	8883
EU28+	1056		8883

AOO = the area occupied by a habitat measured in number of 10x10 km grid cells.
EOO = the area (km2) of the envelope around all occurrences of a habitat (calculated by a minimum convex polygon).

Characteristic species

The full list of characteristic species and genus are available above from the Summary. The species available in the EUNIS database are shown here.

Flowering Plants Alyssum atlanticum

Flowering Plants Anabasis articulata

Flowering Plants Andryala agardhii

Flowering Plants Anthyllis cytisoides

Flowering Plants Anthyllis gandogeri

Flowering Plants Anthyllis polycephala

Flowering Plants Anthyllis ramburii

Flowering Plants Anthyllis rupestris

Flowering Plants Anthyllis tejedensis

Flowering Plants Anthyllis terniflora

Flowering Plants Aphyllanthes monspeliensis

Flowering Plants Arenaria pseudarmeriastrum

Flowering Plants Arenaria racemosa

Flowering Plants Arenaria tomentosa

Flowering Plants Argyrolobium zanonii

Flowering Plants Aristolochia bianorii

Flowering Plants Aristolochia pistolochia

Flowering Plants Armeria platyphylla

Flowering Plants Astragalus alopecuroides

Flowering Plants Astragalus balearicus

Flowering Plants Astragalus chlorocyaneus

Flowering Plants Astragalus glaux

Flowering Plants Astragalus granatensis

Flowering Plants Astragalus hispanicus

Flowering Plants Atractylis humilis

Flowering Plants Bartsia aspera

Flowering Plants Biscutella vicentina

Flowering Plants Bupleurum fruticescens

Flowering Plants Catananche caerulea

Flowering Plants Centaurea antennata

Flowering Plants Centaurea carratracensis

Flowering Plants Centaurea granatensis

Flowering Plants Centaurea intybacea

Flowering Plants Centaurea pinae

Flowering Plants Centaurea rouyi

Flowering Plants Centaurea spachii

Flowering Plants Cephalaria leucantha

Flowering Plants Cheirolophus intybaceus

Flowering Plants Cistus albidus

Flowering Plants Cistus clusii

Flowering Plants Cistus creticus

Flowering Plants Cistus parviflorus

Flowering Plants Convolvulus boissieri

Flowering Plants Convolvulus lanuginosus

Flowering Plants Cytinus ruber

Flowering Plants Dianthus hispanicus

Flowering Plants Dianthus multiceps

Flowering Plants Dianthus pungens

Flowering Plants Digitalis laciniata

Flowering Plants Digitalis obscura

Flowering Plants Dorycnium hirsutum

Flowering Plants Dorycnium pentaphyllum

Flowering Plants Elaeoselinum tenuifolium

Flowering Plants Erica multiflora

Flowering Plants Erodium astragaloides

Flowering Plants Erodium boissieri

Flowering Plants Erysimum cazorlense

Flowering Plants Erysimum rondae

Flowering Plants Euphorbia flavicoma

Flowering Plants Euphorbia isatidifolia

Flowering Plants Euphorbia nicaeensis

Flowering Plants Festuca plicata

Flowering Plants Fritillaria boissieri

Flowering Plants Fumana arabica

Flowering Plants Fumana ericoides

Flowering Plants Fumana laevipes

Flowering Plants Fumana laevis

Flowering Plants Fumana paradoxa

Flowering Plants Fumana procumbens

Flowering Plants Fumana thymifolia

Flowering Plants Galium balearicum

Flowering Plants Genista corsica

Flowering Plants Genista dorycnifolia

Flowering Plants Genista hirsuta

Flowering Plants Genista lanuginosa

Flowering Plants Genista lucida

Flowering Plants Globularia alypum

Flowering Plants Globularia spinosa

Flowering Plants Globularia vulgaris

Flowering Plants Guillonea scabra

Flowering Plants Halimium atriplicifolium

Flowering Plants Helianthemum almeriense

Flowering Plants Helianthemum asperum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum caput-felis

Flowering Plants Helianthemum cinereum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum frigidulum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum hirtum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum marifolium

Flowering Plants Helianthemum molle

Flowering Plants Helianthemum origanifolium

Flowering Plants Helianthemum pannosum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum syriacum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum violaceum

Flowering Plants Helianthemum viscidulum

Flowering Plants Helichrysum microphyllum

Flowering Plants Hippocrepis bourgaei

Flowering Plants Hippocrepis eriocarpa

Flowering Plants Hippocrepis scabra

Flowering Plants Hippocrepis squamata

Flowering Plants Hypericum balearicum

Flowering Plants Hypericum ericoides

Flowering Plants Iberis nazarita

Flowering Plants Iberis procumbens subsp. microcarpa

Flowering Plants Koeleria vallesiana

Flowering Plants Lavandula dentata

Flowering Plants Lavandula lanata

Flowering Plants Lavandula latifolia

Flowering Plants Leuzea conifera

Flowering Plants Limonium album

Flowering Plants Linaria aeruginea

Flowering Plants Linum suffruticosum

Flowering Plants Lithodora fruticosa

Flowering Plants Lithodora nitida

Flowering Plants Lotus tetraphyllus

Flowering Plants Micromeria nervosa

Flowering Plants Moricandia foetida

Flowering Plants Onobrychis argentea

Flowering Plants Onobrychis stenorhiza

Flowering Plants Ononis cephalotes

Flowering Plants Ononis crispa

Flowering Plants Ononis microphylla

Flowering Plants Ononis minutissima

Flowering Plants Ononis pusilla

Flowering Plants Onosma hispanica

Flowering Plants Orobanche latisquama

Flowering Plants Paronychia aretioides

Flowering Plants Phlomis italica

Flowering Plants Polygala rupestris

Flowering Plants Pterocephalus spathulatus

Flowering Plants Rosmarinus officinalis

Flowering Plants Rothmaleria granatensis

Flowering Plants Ruta chalepensis

Flowering Plants Salsola papillosa

Flowering Plants Santolina elegans

Flowering Plants Satureja canescens

Flowering Plants Satureja innota

Flowering Plants Satureja nervosa

Flowering Plants Satureja obovata

Flowering Plants Scabiosa pulsatilloides

Flowering Plants Scorzonera albicans

Flowering Plants Scorzonera baetica

Flowering Plants Serratula baetica subsp. lusitanica

Flowering Plants Serratula flavescens

Flowering Plants Serratula pinnatifida

Flowering Plants Sideritis arborescens

Flowering Plants Sideritis grandiflora

Flowering Plants Sideritis ibanyezii

Flowering Plants Sideritis incana

Flowering Plants Sideritis leucantha

Flowering Plants Sideritis pusilla

Flowering Plants Sideritis reverchonii

Flowering Plants Sideritis sericea

Flowering Plants Sideritis serrata

Flowering Plants Sideritis tragoriganum

Flowering Plants Silene tejedensis

Flowering Plants Staehelina baetica

Flowering Plants Staehelina dubia

Flowering Plants Teucrium capitatum

Flowering Plants Teucrium carolipaui

Flowering Plants Teucrium carthaginense

Flowering Plants Teucrium charidemi

Flowering Plants Teucrium eriocephalum

Flowering Plants Teucrium flavum

Flowering Plants Teucrium lanigerum

Flowering Plants Teucrium lusitanicum

Flowering Plants Teucrium reverchonii

Flowering Plants Teucrium subspinosum

Flowering Plants Thesium divaricatum

Flowering Plants Thymbra capitata

Flowering Plants Thymelaea elliptica

Flowering Plants Thymelaea sanamunda

Flowering Plants Thymelaea tartonraira

Flowering Plants Thymelaea tinctoria

Flowering Plants Thymelaea velutina

Flowering Plants Thymus aestivus

Flowering Plants Thymus antoninae

Flowering Plants Thymus baeticus

Flowering Plants Thymus funkii

Flowering Plants Thymus granatensis

Flowering Plants Thymus hyemalis

Flowering Plants Thymus longiflorus

Flowering Plants Thymus lotocephalus

Flowering Plants Thymus murcicus

Flowering Plants Thymus piperella

Flowering Plants Thymus sabulicola

Flowering Plants Thymus vulgaris

Flowering Plants Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris

Flowering Plants Ulex baeticus

Flowering Plants Ulex densus

Flowering Plants Ulex erinaceus

Flowering Plants Ulex parviflorus

Flowering Plants Ulex scaber

Flowering Plants Valeriana tuberosa

Flowering Plants Viola arborescens

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Alyssum atlanticum		Flowering Plants
Anabasis articulata		Flowering Plants
Andryala agardhii		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis cytisoides		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis gandogeri		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis polycephala		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis ramburii		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis rupestris		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis tejedensis		Flowering Plants
Anthyllis terniflora		Flowering Plants
Aphyllanthes monspeliensis		Flowering Plants
Arenaria pseudarmeriastrum		Flowering Plants
Arenaria racemosa		Flowering Plants
Arenaria tomentosa		Flowering Plants
Argyrolobium zanonii		Flowering Plants
Aristolochia bianorii		Flowering Plants
Aristolochia pistolochia		Flowering Plants
Armeria platyphylla		Flowering Plants
Astragalus alopecuroides		Flowering Plants
Astragalus balearicus		Flowering Plants
Astragalus chlorocyaneus		Flowering Plants
Astragalus glaux		Flowering Plants
Astragalus granatensis		Flowering Plants
Astragalus hispanicus		Flowering Plants
Atractylis humilis		Flowering Plants
Bartsia aspera		Flowering Plants
Biscutella vicentina		Flowering Plants
Bupleurum fruticescens		Flowering Plants
Catananche caerulea		Flowering Plants
Centaurea antennata		Flowering Plants
Centaurea carratracensis		Flowering Plants
Centaurea granatensis		Flowering Plants
Centaurea intybacea		Flowering Plants
Centaurea pinae		Flowering Plants
Centaurea rouyi		Flowering Plants
Centaurea spachii		Flowering Plants
Cephalaria leucantha		Flowering Plants
Cheirolophus intybaceus		Flowering Plants
Cistus albidus		Flowering Plants
Cistus clusii		Flowering Plants
Cistus creticus		Flowering Plants
Cistus parviflorus		Flowering Plants
Convolvulus boissieri		Flowering Plants
Convolvulus lanuginosus		Flowering Plants
Cytinus ruber		Flowering Plants
Dianthus hispanicus		Flowering Plants
Dianthus multiceps		Flowering Plants
Dianthus pungens		Flowering Plants
Digitalis laciniata		Flowering Plants
Digitalis obscura		Flowering Plants
Dorycnium hirsutum		Flowering Plants
Dorycnium pentaphyllum		Flowering Plants
Elaeoselinum tenuifolium		Flowering Plants
Erica multiflora		Flowering Plants
Erodium astragaloides		Flowering Plants
Erodium boissieri		Flowering Plants
Erysimum cazorlense		Flowering Plants
Erysimum rondae		Flowering Plants
Euphorbia flavicoma		Flowering Plants
Euphorbia isatidifolia		Flowering Plants
Euphorbia nicaeensis		Flowering Plants
Festuca plicata		Flowering Plants
Fritillaria boissieri		Flowering Plants
Fumana arabica		Flowering Plants
Fumana ericoides		Flowering Plants
Fumana laevipes		Flowering Plants
Fumana laevis		Flowering Plants
Fumana paradoxa		Flowering Plants
Fumana procumbens		Flowering Plants
Fumana thymifolia		Flowering Plants
Galium balearicum		Flowering Plants
Genista corsica		Flowering Plants
Genista dorycnifolia		Flowering Plants
Genista hirsuta		Flowering Plants
Genista lanuginosa		Flowering Plants
Genista lucida		Flowering Plants
Globularia alypum		Flowering Plants
Globularia spinosa		Flowering Plants
Globularia vulgaris		Flowering Plants
Guillonea scabra		Flowering Plants
Halimium atriplicifolium		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum almeriense		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum asperum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum caput-felis		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum cinereum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum frigidulum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum hirtum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum marifolium		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum molle		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum origanifolium		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum pannosum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum syriacum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum violaceum		Flowering Plants
Helianthemum viscidulum		Flowering Plants
Helichrysum microphyllum		Flowering Plants
Hippocrepis bourgaei		Flowering Plants
Hippocrepis eriocarpa		Flowering Plants
Hippocrepis scabra		Flowering Plants
Hippocrepis squamata		Flowering Plants
Hypericum balearicum		Flowering Plants
Hypericum ericoides		Flowering Plants
Iberis nazarita		Flowering Plants
Iberis procumbens subsp. microcarpa		Flowering Plants
Koeleria vallesiana		Flowering Plants
Lavandula dentata		Flowering Plants
Lavandula lanata		Flowering Plants
Lavandula latifolia		Flowering Plants
Leuzea conifera		Flowering Plants
Limonium album		Flowering Plants
Linaria aeruginea		Flowering Plants
Linum suffruticosum		Flowering Plants
Lithodora fruticosa		Flowering Plants
Lithodora nitida		Flowering Plants
Lotus tetraphyllus		Flowering Plants
Micromeria nervosa		Flowering Plants
Moricandia foetida		Flowering Plants
Onobrychis argentea		Flowering Plants
Onobrychis stenorhiza		Flowering Plants
Ononis cephalotes		Flowering Plants
Ononis crispa		Flowering Plants
Ononis microphylla		Flowering Plants
Ononis minutissima		Flowering Plants
Ononis pusilla		Flowering Plants
Onosma hispanica		Flowering Plants
Orobanche latisquama		Flowering Plants
Paronychia aretioides		Flowering Plants
Phlomis italica		Flowering Plants
Polygala rupestris		Flowering Plants
Pterocephalus spathulatus		Flowering Plants
Rosmarinus officinalis		Flowering Plants
Rothmaleria granatensis		Flowering Plants
Ruta chalepensis		Flowering Plants
Salsola papillosa		Flowering Plants
Santolina elegans		Flowering Plants
Satureja canescens		Flowering Plants
Satureja innota		Flowering Plants
Satureja nervosa		Flowering Plants
Satureja obovata		Flowering Plants
Scabiosa pulsatilloides		Flowering Plants
Scorzonera albicans		Flowering Plants
Scorzonera baetica		Flowering Plants
Serratula baetica subsp. lusitanica		Flowering Plants
Serratula flavescens		Flowering Plants
Serratula pinnatifida		Flowering Plants
Sideritis arborescens		Flowering Plants
Sideritis grandiflora		Flowering Plants
Sideritis ibanyezii		Flowering Plants
Sideritis incana		Flowering Plants
Sideritis leucantha		Flowering Plants
Sideritis pusilla		Flowering Plants
Sideritis reverchonii		Flowering Plants
Sideritis sericea		Flowering Plants
Sideritis serrata		Flowering Plants
Sideritis tragoriganum		Flowering Plants
Silene tejedensis		Flowering Plants
Staehelina baetica		Flowering Plants
Staehelina dubia		Flowering Plants
Teucrium capitatum		Flowering Plants
Teucrium carolipaui		Flowering Plants
Teucrium carthaginense		Flowering Plants
Teucrium charidemi		Flowering Plants
Teucrium eriocephalum		Flowering Plants
Teucrium flavum		Flowering Plants
Teucrium lanigerum		Flowering Plants
Teucrium lusitanicum		Flowering Plants
Teucrium reverchonii		Flowering Plants
Teucrium subspinosum		Flowering Plants
Thesium divaricatum		Flowering Plants
Thymbra capitata		Flowering Plants
Thymelaea elliptica		Flowering Plants
Thymelaea sanamunda		Flowering Plants
Thymelaea tartonraira		Flowering Plants
Thymelaea tinctoria		Flowering Plants
Thymelaea velutina		Flowering Plants
Thymus aestivus		Flowering Plants
Thymus antoninae		Flowering Plants
Thymus baeticus		Flowering Plants
Thymus funkii		Flowering Plants
Thymus granatensis		Flowering Plants
Thymus hyemalis		Flowering Plants
Thymus longiflorus		Flowering Plants
Thymus lotocephalus		Flowering Plants
Thymus murcicus		Flowering Plants
Thymus piperella		Flowering Plants
Thymus sabulicola		Flowering Plants
Thymus vulgaris		Flowering Plants
Thymus zygis subsp. sylvestris		Flowering Plants
Ulex baeticus		Flowering Plants
Ulex densus		Flowering Plants
Ulex erinaceus		Flowering Plants
Ulex parviflorus		Flowering Plants
Ulex scaber		Flowering Plants
Valeriana tuberosa		Flowering Plants
Viola arborescens		Flowering Plants

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Legal text	Annex	Name in legal text	Code in legal text	Habitat type relationship	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Western garrigues	F6.1	Narrower	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Other classifications

This habitat may be equivalent to, or broather than, or narrower than the habitats or ecosystems in the following typologies.

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200711	F6.1	Western garrigues	narrower

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Sections

Western basiphilous garrigue

Quick facts

Summary

Threat status

Synthesis of Red List assessment

Confidence in the assessment

European Red List of Habitats categories

European Red List of Habitats criteria

Pressures and threats

Habitat restoration potential

Trends in extent

Average current trend in quantity

Trends in quality

Average current trend in quality

Conservation and management needs

List of conservation and management needs

Distribution

Geographic occurrence and trends

Extent of Occurrence, Area of Occupancy and habitat area

Characteristic species

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Other classifications