Scientific name
 |
Source
|
|---|---|
| Cygnus columbianus bewickii (Yarrel, 1830) | Cramp, S. & Simmons, K.E.L. (1977) |
Bewick's Swan - Cygnus columbianus (Ord, 1815)
Quick facts
| Threat status Europe | Vulnerable (IUCN) |
|---|---|
| Protected by | 3 international agreements |
Distribution
The distribution map is currently disabled. A new map solution will soon become available. In the meantime, please consult other species distribution map providers listed in the Other resources panel below.
Threat and conservation status
Legal status
Mentioned in the following international legal instruments and agreements
| Legal text | Annex | Conditions | More information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention) | http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cul.../bern/default_en.asp | ||
| Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals. (Bonn Convention) | All the species of the family Anatidae are concerned by Appendix II. | http://www.cms.int/ | |
| Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds. Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals. (AEWA) |
http://www.cms.int/species/aewa/aew_bkrd.htm
http://www.unep-aewa.org/about/index.htm |
Common names and synonyms
|
Common Name
|
Language
|
Reference
|
|---|---|---|
| Bewick's Swan | English | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Cigno minore | Italian | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Cisne Chico | Spanish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Cisne-pequeno | Portuguese | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Cygne de Bewick | French | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Kis hattyú | Hungarian | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Kleine Zwaan | Dutch | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Mindre sångsvan | Swedish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Pikkujoutsen | Finnish | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
| Zwergschwan | German | Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. |
|
Synonym
|
Author
|
|---|---|
| Anas columbianus | Ord, 1815 |
Other resources
| CoL (accepted name) | Catalogue of Life |
| EURing code:01530 | European bird-ringing |
| EoL | Encyclopedia of Life |
| Fauna Europaea | Fauna Europaea |
| GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| ITIS (Valid name) | Interagency Taxonomic Information System |
| NCBI search | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| PESI (Accepted) | Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure |
| Wikipedia | Wikipedia |
| WoRMS | World Register of Marine Species |
External data
Population distribution from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2
These publications present a thorough and detailed review of the conservation status of European birds. Based on detailed breeding and wintering population data collected in each country, the report provides a review of the population sizes and trends of Species of European Conservation Concern.
1
| Country | Biogeographic region | Min / Max (Units) | Period | Status | Quality | Source | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 0/2 (individuals) | 1995-2002 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Armenia | 50/249 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Austria | 1/6 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Azerbaijan | 5/10 (individuals) | 1996-2002 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belgium | 40/470 (individuals) | 1995-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Belgium | 95/250 (individuals) | 1985-1991 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Bulgaria | 0/76 (individuals) | 1997-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Bulgaria | 0/20 (individuals) | 1977-1989 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Cyprus | 14/14 (individuals) | 2002 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Czech Republic | Continental | 0/3 (individuals) | - | Wintering | No qualification | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Denmark | 150/200 (individuals) | 1999-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Denmark | 427/427 (individuals) | - | Wintering | No qualification | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Denmark - Greenland | 0/1 (pairs) | 1995-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Estonia | 0/10 (individuals) | 1998 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Estonia | Boreal | 0/10 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| France | 45/100 (individuals) | 1998-2002 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| France | 88/88 (individuals) | 1984 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Germany | 130/3200 (individuals) | 1995-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Germany | 100/1500 (individuals) | 1986-1990 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Greece | 46/46 (individuals) | 2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Greece | Mediterranean | 0/10 (individuals) | 1987-1991 | Wintering | No qualification | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Hungary | 0/49 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ireland | 347/1034 (individuals) | 1994-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ireland | Atlantic | 2000/2500 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Latvia | 0/10 (individuals) | 1990-1999 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Latvia | Boreal | 0/10 (individuals) | 1989 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Lithuania | 1/1 (pairs) | 1997-2003 | Breeding | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Lithuania | Boreal | 5/10 (individuals) | 1990 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Netherlands | 14000/14000 (individuals) | 1999-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Netherlands | Atlantic | 3000/10000 (individuals) | 1979-1983 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
| Norway | 22/56 (individuals) | 1991-1999 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Poland | 1/30 (individuals) | 1995-2000 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Poland | 0/80 (individuals) | - | Wintering | No qualification | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Romania | 1/6 (individuals) | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Romania | 0/4 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Russian Federation | 9000/11000 (pairs) | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Russian Federation | 0/100 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Slovakia | 0/4 (individuals) | 1990-1999 | Wintering | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Slovakia | 0/2 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Spain | 0/2 (individuals) | - | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Sweden | 0/10 (individuals) | 1998-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Switzerland | 0/10 (individuals) | 1998-2002 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Switzerland | 0/6 (individuals) | 1981-1991 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| Turkey | 80/160 (individuals) | 1991-2001 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ukraine | 50/249 (individuals) | 1994 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| Ukraine | 30/50 (individuals) | 1988 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 | |
| United Kingdom | 8200/8200 (individuals) | 1994-1999 | Wintering | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004-01-01 | |
| United Kingdom | 6600/6600 (individuals) | 1988 | Wintering | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994-01-01 |
Population trends from "Birds in Europe" editions 1 and 2
These publications present a thorough and detailed review of the conservation status of European birds. Based on detailed breeding and wintering population data collected in each country, the report provides a review of the population sizes and trends of Species of European Conservation Concern.
1
| Country | Biogeographic region | Period | Status | Trend | Quality | Source | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Decreasing : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Armenia | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Unknown | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Austria | 1970-1990 | Wintering | New breeder within the period | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Azerbaijan | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belgium | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Belgium | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Bulgaria | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Bulgaria | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Cyprus | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Increasing but of unknown magnitude | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Czech Republic | Continental | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Information not available | Information not available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Denmark | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Denmark | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Information not available | Information not available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Denmark - Greenland | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Unknown | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Estonia | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Increasing but of unknown magnitude | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Estonia | Boreal | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| France | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| France | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Germany | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Germany | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Greece | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Greece | Mediterranean | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Information not available | Information not available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Hungary | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Fluctuating : 80 % | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ireland | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Decreasing between 50% to 79% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ireland | Atlantic | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small decrease of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Latvia | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Latvia | Boreal | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Lithuania | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Lithuania | Boreal | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Netherlands | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Decreasing : 49 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Netherlands | Atlantic | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
| Norway | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Poland | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Poland | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Information not available | Information not available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Romania | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Romania | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Russian Federation | 1990-2000 | Breeding | Increasing between 20% to 29% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Russian Federation | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Slovakia | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Unknown | Species poorly known, with no quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Slovakia | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Information not available | Information not available | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Spain | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Fluctuating with changes of at least 20%, but no clear trend | No qualification | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Sweden | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Switzerland | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Switzerland | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Stable, or change of less than 20% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| Turkey | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable between 0% to 19% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ukraine | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Increasing between 20% to 29% | Species generally well known, but only poor or incomplete quantitative data available | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| Ukraine | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 | |
| United Kingdom | 1990-2000 | Wintering | Stable : 3 % | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 2 (1990-2000) | 2004 | |
| United Kingdom | 1970-1990 | Wintering | Small increase of 20-49% | Reliable quantitative data (e.g. atlas survey or monitoring data, etc.) are available for the whole period and region in question | Birds in Europe 1 (1970-1990) | 1994 |
