Carpinus and Quercus mesic deciduous forest
Description (English)
Deciduous broadleaved forests typical of brown or grey soils of quite low to high base-status and moderate to high nutrient content. They occur across the lowlands and foothills of the temperate zone of Western, Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, with local extensions into regions characterised by submediterranean and boreal climate. Partially this includes alluvial Quercus/Carpinus-dominated forests in mountain valleys with infrequent inundation. The canopy is usually of mixed composition with oaks figuring prominently, notably Quercus petraea and Quercus robur but with regional contributions from other oaks, along with Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia cordata, Tilia tomentosa and Ulmus glabra. Non-riparian and non-ravine forests of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia cordata and Ulmus glabra (without Quercus species and Carpinus betulus) also belong to this habitat. The canopy can have a complex, multi-layered structure including shrubs and lianas while the herb layer can be species-rich with much regional variation in composition.
Source: EUNIS habitat classification
Quick facts
EUNIS habitat type | code T1E |
---|---|
Relation to | Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites) |
Legal status
Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments
Vegetation types
Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)
Not availableIndicator species
Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.
Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
---|---|---|
Carpinus betulus | Flowering Plants | |
Acer campestre | Flowering Plants | |
Polygonatum multiflorum | Flowering Plants | |
Corylus avellana | Flowering Plants | |
Prunus avium | Flowering Plants | |
Tilia cordata | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus robur | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants | |
Stellaria holostea | Flowering Plants | |
Rosa arvensis | Flowering Plants | |
Fraxinus excelsior | Flowering Plants | |
Crataegus laevigata | Flowering Plants | |
Carex sylvatica | Flowering Plants | |
Carex pilosa | Flowering Plants |
Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.
Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
---|---|---|
Carpinus betulus | Flowering Plants | |
Corylus avellana | Flowering Plants | |
Hedera helix | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus robur | Flowering Plants | |
Crataegus monogyna | Flowering Plants | |
Rubus fruticosus | Flowering Plants | |
Fraxinus excelsior | Flowering Plants | |
Acer campestre | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants | |
Fagus sylvatica | Flowering Plants | |
Brachypodium sylvaticum | Flowering Plants | |
Viola reichenbachiana | Flowering Plants | |
Prunus avium | Flowering Plants | |
Geum urbanum | Flowering Plants | |
Stellaria holostea | Flowering Plants | |
Anemone nemorosa | Flowering Plants | |
Polygonatum multiflorum | Flowering Plants | |
Ligustrum vulgare | Flowering Plants | |
Cornus sanguinea | Flowering Plants |
Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.
Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
---|---|---|
Carpinus betulus | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus robur | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants | |
Hedera helix | Flowering Plants | |
Fraxinus excelsior | Flowering Plants | |
Corylus avellana | Flowering Plants | |
Rubus fruticosus | Flowering Plants | |
Tilia cordata | Flowering Plants | |
Anemone nemorosa | Flowering Plants | |
Castanea sativa | Flowering Plants |
Other classifications
Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
---|---|---|---|
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012) | G1.A | Meso- and eutrophic Quercus, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Acer, Tilia, Ulmus and related woodland | narrower |
European Red List of Habitats | G1.Aa | Carpinus and Quercus mesic deciduous woodland | same |
History
Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 | G1.A | Meso- and eutrophic Quercus, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Acer, Tilia, Ulmus and related woodland | same | |
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 | G1.A | Meso- and eutrophic Quercus, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Acer, Tilia, Ulmus and related woodland | same | |
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 | G1.A | Meso- and eutrophic Quercus, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Acer, Tilia, Ulmus and related woodland | same | |
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 | G1.A | Meso- and eutrophic Quercus, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Acer, Tilia, Ulmus and related woodland | same | |
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 | G1.A | Woodland with Castanea sativa, Carpinus betulus, Tilia or Sorbus aucuparia | same |