Ilex aquifolium forest
Description (English)
Patches of holly (Ilex aquifolium) occurring in scattered localities across European forests, especially in the temperate zone and in the Mediterranean mountains.
Source: EUNIS habitat classification
Quick facts
| EUNIS habitat type | code T27 |
|---|---|
| Relation to | Annex I habitat types (EU Habitats Directive) |
Legal status
Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments
| Legal text | Annex | Name in legal text | Code in legal text |
Habitat type relationship |
More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora - consolidated version 01/01/2007 | Annex I: natural habitat types of community interest whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation | Forests of Ilex aquifolium | 9380 | Wider | http://ec.europa.eu/environm...rective/index_en.htm |
Vegetation types
Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)
Not availableIndicator species
Diagnostic species
Constant species
Dominant species
Flowering Plants
Ilex aquifolium
Mosses & Liverworts
Isothecium myosuroides
Flowering Plants
Lonicera periclymenum
Flowering Plants
Quercus petraea
Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Ilex aquifolium | Flowering Plants | |
| Isothecium myosuroides | Mosses & Liverworts | |
| Lonicera periclymenum | Flowering Plants | |
| Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants |
Flowering Plants
Ilex aquifolium
Flowering Plants
Hedera helix
Ferns
Pteridium aquilinum
Flowering Plants
Fagus sylvatica
Flowering Plants
Lonicera periclymenum
Flowering Plants
Rubus fruticosus
Flowering Plants
Quercus petraea
Flowering Plants
Corylus avellana
Flowering Plants
Crataegus monogyna
Flowering Plants
Quercus robur
Flowering Plants
Sorbus aucuparia
Mosses & Liverworts
Polytrichastrum formosum
Mosses & Liverworts
Thuidium tamariscinum
Flowering Plants
Vaccinium myrtillus
Flowering Plants
Avenella flexuosa
Ferns
Dryopteris dilatata
Flowering Plants
Betula pubescens
Flowering Plants
Oxalis acetosella
Flowering Plants
Fraxinus excelsior
Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Ilex aquifolium | Flowering Plants | |
| Hedera helix | Flowering Plants | |
| Pteridium aquilinum | Ferns | |
| Fagus sylvatica | Flowering Plants | |
| Lonicera periclymenum | Flowering Plants | |
| Rubus fruticosus | Flowering Plants | |
| Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants | |
| Corylus avellana | Flowering Plants | |
| Crataegus monogyna | Flowering Plants | |
| Quercus robur | Flowering Plants | |
| Sorbus aucuparia | Flowering Plants | |
| Polytrichastrum formosum | Mosses & Liverworts | |
| Thuidium tamariscinum | Mosses & Liverworts | |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Flowering Plants | |
| Avenella flexuosa | Flowering Plants | |
| Dryopteris dilatata | Ferns | |
| Betula pubescens | Flowering Plants | |
| Oxalis acetosella | Flowering Plants | |
| Fraxinus excelsior | Flowering Plants |
Flowering Plants
Ilex aquifolium
Flowering Plants
Quercus petraea
Flowering Plants
Fagus sylvatica
Flowering Plants
Quercus robur
Flowering Plants
Hedera helix
Ferns
Pteridium aquilinum
Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Ilex aquifolium | Flowering Plants | |
| Quercus petraea | Flowering Plants | |
| Fagus sylvatica | Flowering Plants | |
| Quercus robur | Flowering Plants | |
| Hedera helix | Flowering Plants | |
| Pteridium aquilinum | Ferns |
Other classifications
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
|---|---|---|---|
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012) | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same |
| European Red List of Habitats | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woodland | same |
History
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 | G2.6 | Ilex aquifolium woods | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 | G2.6 | Holly woods | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 | 45.8 | Western Palaearctic holly woods | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 | 45.8 | Western Palaearctic holly woods | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 | 45.8 | same | ||
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 | 45.8 | same | ||
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 | 45.8 | same | ||
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 | 45.8 | same |
