EUNIS habitat classification 2017 > T - Forest and other wooded land > T3 - Coniferous forest > T36 - Temperate and submediterranean montane Pinus sylvestris-Pinus nigra forest

Temperate and submediterranean montane Pinus sylvestris-Pinus nigra forest

Description (English)

Evergreen coniferous forests, generally dominated by either Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) or black pine (Pinus nigra and, towards the southern limit, various subspecies), less commonly with some Norway spruce (Picea abies) and deciduous associates, often in isolated and small stands on base-rich soils through the mountains of the temperate and submediterranean zones.

Source: EUNIS habitat classification

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type	code T36
Relation to	Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Legal text	Annex	Name in legal text	Code in legal text	Habitat type relationship	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Rhodopide and Balkan Range Scots pine forests	91CA	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Western Carpathian calcicolous Pinus sylvestris forests	91Q0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Dinaric dolomite Scots pine forests (Genisto januensis-Pinetum)	91R0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Pinus nigra woodland	G3.5	Overlap	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Indicator species

Diagnostic species

Constant species

Dominant species

Flowering Plants Amelanchier ovalis

Flowering Plants Polygala chamaebuxus

Flowering Plants Sorbus aria

Flowering Plants Epipactis atrorubens

Flowering Plants Berberis vulgaris

Flowering Plants Viburnum lantana

Conifers Pinus nigra

Flowering Plants Teucrium chamaedrys

Conifers Pinus sylvestris

Flowering Plants Calamagrostis varia

Flowering Plants Buphthalmum salicifolium

Flowering Plants Achnatherum calamagrostis

Flowering Plants Carex humilis

Conifers Juniperus communis subsp. communis

Flowering Plants Lavandula angustifolia

Flowering Plants Anthericum ramosum

Flowering Plants Carex alba

Flowering Plants Cotoneaster tomentosus

Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Amelanchier ovalis		Flowering Plants
Polygala chamaebuxus		Flowering Plants
Sorbus aria		Flowering Plants
Epipactis atrorubens		Flowering Plants
Berberis vulgaris		Flowering Plants
Viburnum lantana		Flowering Plants
Pinus nigra		Conifers
Teucrium chamaedrys		Flowering Plants
Pinus sylvestris		Conifers
Calamagrostis varia		Flowering Plants
Buphthalmum salicifolium		Flowering Plants
Achnatherum calamagrostis		Flowering Plants
Carex humilis		Flowering Plants
Juniperus communis subsp. communis		Conifers
Lavandula angustifolia		Flowering Plants
Anthericum ramosum		Flowering Plants
Carex alba		Flowering Plants
Cotoneaster tomentosus		Flowering Plants

Conifers Pinus sylvestris

Flowering Plants Teucrium chamaedrys

Flowering Plants Amelanchier ovalis

Conifers Juniperus communis subsp. communis

Flowering Plants Sorbus aria

Flowering Plants Carex humilis

Conifers Pinus nigra

Flowering Plants Quercus pubescens

Flowering Plants Viburnum lantana

Flowering Plants Teucrium montanum

Flowering Plants Sesleria caerulea

Flowering Plants Brachypodium pinnatum

Flowering Plants Euphorbia cyparissias

Flowering Plants Polygala chamaebuxus

Flowering Plants Calamagrostis varia

Flowering Plants Lotus corniculatus

Flowering Plants Epipactis atrorubens

Flowering Plants Crataegus monogyna

Conifers Picea abies

Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Pinus sylvestris		Conifers
Teucrium chamaedrys		Flowering Plants
Amelanchier ovalis		Flowering Plants
Juniperus communis subsp. communis		Conifers
Sorbus aria		Flowering Plants
Carex humilis		Flowering Plants
Pinus nigra		Conifers
Quercus pubescens		Flowering Plants
Viburnum lantana		Flowering Plants
Teucrium montanum		Flowering Plants
Sesleria caerulea		Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum		Flowering Plants
Euphorbia cyparissias		Flowering Plants
Polygala chamaebuxus		Flowering Plants
Calamagrostis varia		Flowering Plants
Lotus corniculatus		Flowering Plants
Epipactis atrorubens		Flowering Plants
Crataegus monogyna		Flowering Plants
Picea abies		Conifers

Conifers Pinus sylvestris

Conifers Pinus nigra

Flowering Plants Buxus sempervirens

Flowering Plants Sesleria caerulea

Flowering Plants Carex humilis

Flowering Plants Brachypodium pinnatum

Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Pinus sylvestris		Conifers
Pinus nigra		Conifers
Buxus sempervirens		Flowering Plants
Sesleria caerulea		Flowering Plants
Carex humilis		Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum		Flowering Plants

Please note that a maximum of 20 species of each indicator category is shown.

Other classifications

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	overlap
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	overlap
European Red List of Habitats	G3.4b	Temperate and submediterranean montane Pinus sylvestris	same

For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	G3.4	Pinus sylvestris woodland south of the taiga	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	G3.5	Pinus nigra woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	G3.6	Black pine woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	G3.5	Scots pine woodland south of the taiga	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905	42.5	Western Palaearctic Scots pine forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905	42.6	Black pine forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997	42.6	Black pine forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997	42.5	Western Palaearctic Scots pine forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996	42.5		same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996	42.6		same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993	42.5		same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993	42.6		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991	42.6		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991	42.5		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989	42.6		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989	42.5		same

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Temperate and submediterranean montane Pinus sylvestris-Pinus nigra forest

Description (English)

Quick facts

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Indicator species

Other classifications

History