Mediterranean and Balkan subalpine Pinus heldreichii-Pinus peuce forest
Description (English)
Evergreen coniferous forest of timberlines in the mountains of the Balkans and southern Italy, dominated by Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii) on base-rich soils in more sunny and drought-prone situations or by Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce) mostly on siliceous soils.
Remark: This habitat should be divided into two, one dominated by Pinus heldreichii and the other by Pinus peuce, because the ecology and floristic composition of these two pine forests are very different.
Source: EUNIS habitat classification
Quick facts
| EUNIS habitat type | code T39 |
|---|---|
| Relation to | Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites) |
Legal status
Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments
Vegetation types
Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)
Not availableIndicator species
Conifers
Pinus heldreichii
Conifers
Pinus peuce
Flowering Plants
Moehringia pendula
Flowering Plants
Aremonia agrimonoides
Flowering Plants
Daphne blagayana
Flowering Plants
Geranium macrorrhizum
Flowering Plants
Cotoneaster nebrodensis
Flowering Plants
Leucanthemum chloroticum
Flowering Plants
Campanula sparsa
Flowering Plants
Pulmonaria rubra
Flowering Plants
Euphorbia amygdaloides
Flowering Plants
Festuca penzesii
Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Pinus heldreichii | Conifers | |
| Pinus peuce | Conifers | |
| Moehringia pendula | Flowering Plants | |
| Aremonia agrimonoides | Flowering Plants | |
| Daphne blagayana | Flowering Plants | |
| Geranium macrorrhizum | Flowering Plants | |
| Cotoneaster nebrodensis | Flowering Plants | |
| Leucanthemum chloroticum | Flowering Plants | |
| Campanula sparsa | Flowering Plants | |
| Pulmonaria rubra | Flowering Plants | |
| Euphorbia amygdaloides | Flowering Plants | |
| Festuca penzesii | Flowering Plants |
Conifers
Pinus heldreichii
Flowering Plants
Fagus sylvatica
Flowering Plants
Vaccinium myrtillus
Flowering Plants
Euphorbia amygdaloides
Flowering Plants
Fragaria vesca
Conifers
Pinus peuce
Flowering Plants
Aremonia agrimonoides
Flowering Plants
Lactuca muralis
Flowering Plants
Poa nemoralis
Conifers
Juniperus communis subsp. communis
Flowering Plants
Calamagrostis arundinacea
Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum
Flowering Plants
Asperula aristata
Flowering Plants
Rosa pendulina
Conifers
Picea abies
Flowering Plants
Luzula sylvatica
Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Pinus heldreichii | Conifers | |
| Fagus sylvatica | Flowering Plants | |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Flowering Plants | |
| Euphorbia amygdaloides | Flowering Plants | |
| Fragaria vesca | Flowering Plants | |
| Pinus peuce | Conifers | |
| Aremonia agrimonoides | Flowering Plants | |
| Lactuca muralis | Flowering Plants | |
| Poa nemoralis | Flowering Plants | |
| Juniperus communis subsp. communis | Conifers | |
| Calamagrostis arundinacea | Flowering Plants | |
| Brachypodium pinnatum | Flowering Plants | |
| Asperula aristata | Flowering Plants | |
| Rosa pendulina | Flowering Plants | |
| Picea abies | Conifers | |
| Luzula sylvatica | Flowering Plants |
Conifers
Pinus heldreichii
Conifers
Pinus peuce
Flowering Plants
Vaccinium myrtillus
Flowering Plants
Calamagrostis arundinacea
Flowering Plants
Festuca varia
Flowering Plants
Buxus sempervirens
Flowering Plants
Brachypodium sylvaticum
Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum
Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.
| Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
|---|---|---|
| Pinus heldreichii | Conifers | |
| Pinus peuce | Conifers | |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Flowering Plants | |
| Calamagrostis arundinacea | Flowering Plants | |
| Festuca varia | Flowering Plants | |
| Buxus sempervirens | Flowering Plants | |
| Brachypodium sylvaticum | Flowering Plants | |
| Brachypodium pinnatum | Flowering Plants |
Other classifications
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
|---|---|---|---|
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012) | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same |
| European Red List of Habitats | G3.6 | Mediterranean and Balkan subalpine Pinus heldreichii-Pinus peuce woodland | same |
History
| Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same | |
| EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 | G3.6 | Subalpine mediterranean Pinus woodland | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 | 42.7 | High oro-Mediterranean pine forests | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 | 42.7 | High oro-Mediterranean pine forests | same | |
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 | 42.7 | same | ||
| Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 | 42.7 | same | ||
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 | 42.7 | same | ||
| CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 | 42.7 | same |
