EUNIS habitat classification 2017 > M - Marine benthic habitats > MC1 - Circalittoral rock > MC14 - Black Sea circalittoral rock > MC146 - Black sea circalittoral dark caves and tunnels

Black sea circalittoral dark caves and tunnels

Description (English)

Caves and overhangs in the circalittoral zone are characterised by a lack of light. All around the Black Sea this habitat type occurs mostly on limestone but it may also occur onvolcanic and metamorphic rocks. Characteristic species: Turf hydrozoans, thin crust sponges like Antho involvens, Haliclona flavescens, Haliclona cinerea, Suberites prototypus, Clathria cleistocheiladepending on current intensity, anemones Actinia equina, red mysid shrimp Hemimysis pontica, Hemimysis serrata and the rare shrimp species Palaemon serratus and Lysmata seticaudata

Source: EUNIS habitat classification

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type	code MC146
Relation to	Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Legal text	Annex	Name in legal text	Code in legal text	Habitat type relationship	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Reefs	1170	Narrower	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Submerged or partially submerged sea caves	8330	Narrower	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Species mentioned in habitat description

Invertebrates Actinia equina

Invertebrates Antho involvens

Invertebrates Hemimysis serrata

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Actinia equina		Invertebrates
Antho involvens		Invertebrates
Hemimysis serrata		Invertebrates

Other classifications

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	A4.7	Features of circalittoral rock	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	A4.71	Communities of circalittoral caves and overhangs	overlap
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	A4.715	Caves and ducts in total darkness (including caves without light or water movement at upper levels)	overlap
European Red List of Habitats	BLSA4.71	Pontic circalittoral dark caves and tunnels	same

For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	A4.71	Communities of circalittoral caves and overhangs	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	A4.715	Caves and ducts in total darkness (including caves without light or water movement at upper levels)	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	A4.7	Features of circalittoral rock	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	A3.B21	Caves and ducts in total darkness (including caves without light or water movement at upper levels)	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	A3.B	Communities of circalittoral caves and overhangs	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	A3.B21	Caves and ducts in total darkness (including caves without light or water movement at upper levels)	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	A3.B	Caves and overhangs below the infralittoral zone	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	A3.8	Caves and overhangs in the circalittoral zone	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	A5.71	Caves and ducts in total darkness (including caves without light or water movement at upper levels)	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	A3.8	Caves and overhangs in the circalittoral zone	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	A9.3	Circalittoral caves	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905	12.71	Submerged sea-caves	wider
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997	12.71	Submerged sea-caves	wider
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996	12.71		wider
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993	12.71		wider

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