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Source: Schaminée, J.H.J., Chytrý, M., Hennekens, S.M., Mucina, L., Rodwell, J.S. & Tichý, L. (2012): Development of vegetation syntaxa crosswalks to EUNIS habitat classification and related data sets
| Name | Definition | Synonyms | EUNIS habitat type | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthyllidion barbae-jovis S. Brullo et De Marco 1989 | Subaerohaline coastal dwarf scrub on salt-sprayed cliffs of eastern Tyrrhenian Sea | Plantagini-Thymelaeion hirsutae Bartolo et S. Brullo ex Mayer 1995; Helichrysion litorei Biondi 2007; Helichrysion litorei Biondi in Biondi et al. 2013; Plantagini-Thymelaeion hirsutae Bartolo et S. Brullo in Bartolo et al. 1992 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Anthyllido terniflorae-Salsolion papillosae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1968 | Almerian infra-thermomediterranean tomillar on ultramafic soils | Frankenio-Salsolion genistoidis Rivas Goday et Borja 1961 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Asparago albi-Rhamnion oleoidis Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975 | South Iberian thermomediterranean semi-arid sclerophyllous scrub and low open forest | Asparago-Rhamnion Rivas Goday 1964 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000 | Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of southwestern Tyrrhenian seaboards | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary ex Zohary et Orshan 1959 | Sclerophyllous scrub of thermomediterranean belt of Eastern Mediterranean | Ceratonio-Pistacion creticum Zohary et Orshan 1966; Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary 1955; Ceratonio siliquae-Rhamnion oleoidis Barbero et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1992; Ceratonio-Rhamnion oleoidis Barbero et Quézel 1979 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolós et O. Bolòs in A. Bolós 1950 | Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of western Tyrrhenian and Ligurian seaboards | Cistion medio-mediterraneum (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940) O. de Bolòs 1962; Cistion ladanifer Br.-Bl. 1931 (orig. form); Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl et al. 1940; Lavandulion stoechadis Julve 1993; Calicotomo spinosae-Cistion ladaniferi (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940) Rivas-Mart. 1979 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Cisto cretici-Ericion manipuliflorae Horvatic 1958 | Thermomediterranean calciphilous garrigue of Dalmatian and Istrian coastal regions | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Cisto cretici-Genistion corsicae Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1991 | Cyrno-Sardean themomediterranean garrigue on brown soils and terra rossa | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Cisto eriocephali-Ericion multiflorae Biondi 2000 | Thermo- and mesomediterranean calciphilous garrigue of coastal regions of central and southern Apenninian Peninsula | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Coremation albi Rothmaler 1943 | Lusitano-Andalusian and northern Maroccan thermo-mesomediterranean psammophilous scrub on acidic palaeodunes | Rubio longifoliae-Coremation albi Rivas-Martínez in Rivas-Martínez, Costa, Castroviejo et E. Valdés 1980; Stauracantho genistoidis-Halimion halimifolii Rivas-Mart. 1979; Stauracantho genistoidis-Coremation albi Br.-Bl. et al. 1965 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid north-central and eastern Iberian and Provencasl low silicicolous heath | Cisto salviifoliae-Ericion cineraeae Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Ericion australis Bellot et Casaseca in Bellot 1968; Cistion hirsuti Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Genisto-Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Halimio-Ulicion Rothmaler 1954; Pterospartion Rothmaler 1943 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Eryngio trifidi-Ulicion erinacei Rothmaler 1943 | Thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous scrub of humid and perhumid regions of southern Portugal and southwestern Spain | Coridothymo-Genistion umbellatae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Micromerio micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday 1964; Saturejo micranthae-Thymbrion capitatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 nom. mut. propos.; Saturejo micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994 | Thermomediterranean sub-halophIlous chamaephytic garrigue on coastal cliffs of Corsica and Sardinia | Helichrysion italici Paradis et Piazza 1995; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi 1984 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Genistion specioso-equisetiformis Rivas-Mart. et F. Valle in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Prevalently Baetic Iberian thermo-mesomediterranean dry-subhumid genistpoid retamal on calcarous and ultramafic soils | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Genisto scorpii-Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. et Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Iberolevantine thermo-mesomediterranean (and rarely supramediterranean) semiarid to subhumid retamal on calcareous soils | Chronantho-Retamion Rivas Goday 1980 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Genisto spartioidis-Phlomidion almeriensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Almerian (south Iberian) Infra-mesomediterranean semiarid-dry retamoid scrub on calcarous and ultramafic substrates | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Helichryso barrelieri-Phagnalion graeci (Barbéro et Quézel 1989) R. Jahn in Mucina et al. 2009 | Themo-mesomediterranean phrygana on non-calcareous substrates of southern Hellas, central and southern Aegean region and adjacent Anatolia | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Helichryso sanguinei-Origanion syriaci Barbero et Quézel 1989 | Thermomediterranean phrygana of southern and Cyprus | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Hyperico empetrifolii-Micromerion graecae Barbero et Quézel 1989 | Themo-mesomediterranean phrygana on calcareous substrates of central and southern Hellas, Aegean region and Crete | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Hyperico olympici-Cistion cretici (Oberd. 1954) R.Jahn et Bergmeier in Mucina et al. 2009 | Themo-mesomediterranean silicicolous phrygana of northern Hellas | Cistion orientale Oberd. 1954; Cisto-Hypericion bithynici (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Juniperion turbinatae Rivas-Mart. 1975 corr. 1987 | Thermomediterranean juniper woodlands of coastal dune systems of Western Mediterranean seaboards | Juniperion lyciae Rivas-Mart. 1975 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Juniperon phoeniceae-Pinon acutisquamae A.V. Pérez et Cabezudo in A.V. Pérez et al. 1988 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 nom. invers. propos. | Betic thermo-supramediterranean matorral on ultramafic and dolomitic substrates | Pino acutisquamae-Juniperion phoeniceae A.V. Pérez et Cabezudo in A.V. Pérez et al. 1988 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002; Pino acutisquamae-Juniperion phoeniceae A.V. Pérez et Cabezudo in A.V. Pérez et al. 1988 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001; Pino pinastri-Juniperion phoeniceae A.V. Pérez et Cabezudo in A.V. Pérez et al. 1998 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Lavandulion lanatae (Martínez-Parras et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Baetic thermo-supramediterranean dolomitic tomillar | Lavandulion lanatae (Martínez-Parras et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Micromerion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on rocky calcareous soils of northern Hellas | Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997; Coridothymion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet et Drouineau 1944 | Thermomediterranean maquis and matorral on calcareous substrates along seabords of Mediterranean | Euphorbion dendroidis Papastergiadou et al. 1997; Myrtion communis Allier et Lacoste 1980; Oleo-Ceratonion Br.-Bl. 1936 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Periplocion angustifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1975 | Thermomediterranean semi-arid deciduous relictual low matorral in coastal regions southeastern Spain, eastern North Africa and Sicily | Periploco angustifoliae-Tetraclinidion articulatae Rivas-Mart. In Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011; Coccifero-Tetraclinidion Rivas Goday ex Esteve 1973 (orig. form); Coccifero-Tetraclinidion Rivas Goday 1964 (orig. form); Querco cocciferae-Tetraclinidion articulatae Rivas Goday ex Fernandez Casas et M.E. Sánchez 1972 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Quercion fruticosae Rothmaler 1954 | Southwest- and west-Iberian and North African coastal matorral on oligotrophic palaeo-podzolic soils | Frutici-Quercion Rothmaler 1954; Quecrion lusitanicaee Rothmaler 1954 nom. mut. propos. | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Retamion monospermae Rivas-Mart et al. 2002 | Lusitano-Andalusian Iberian and Tingitanian seral broomy scrub on deep littoral soils and palaeodune regosols | Retamion monospermae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. 1981 | Ibero-Lusitanian Iberian thermo-supramediterranean semiarid continental semiarid retamal | Cytiso-Retamion Rivas Goday 1980; Genistion haenselero-polyanthii Pérez Latorre et Cabezudo 2002 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Rhamno graeci-Juniperion lyciae Costa et al. 1984 | Aegeo-Anatolian and Cypriotic low-grown coastal maquis and garrigue | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Rosmarinion officinalis Molinier 1934 | Catalonian, Balearic and Provencal thermo-supramediterranean semiarid to subhumid coastal limestone matorral and tomillar | Rosmarinion Br.-Bl. et al. 1936; Rosmarino-Ericion Br.-Bl. 1931; Rosmarino-Ericion Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952; Rosmarino-Ericion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1935 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Rubo longifoliae-Coremation albi Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 | Lusitano-andaluzian relictual scrub on oligotrophic coastal dunes | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Sarcopoterio spinosi-Genistion fasselatae Costa et al. 1984 | Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on sandy and loamy soils of Cyprus | Sarcopoterio spinosi-Genistion sphacelatae Costa et al. 1984 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Sideritidion bourgaeanae Peinado et Martínez-Parras in Peinado et al. 1992 | Manchego-Murcian thermo-mesomediterranean tomillar on calcareo-dolomitic and dolomitic soils | Sideritido bourgaeanae-Thymion funkii P. Sánchez et Alcaraz 1993 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Staehelino-Ulicion baetici Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Baetic thermo-supramediterranean ultramafic low scrub | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Stauracanthion boivinii (Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 | Southern Iberian and northern Moroccan termo-mesomediterranean subhumid to perhumid silicicolous brezal | Nepion boivinii (Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 nom. mut. propos. | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Telinion monspessulano-linifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Aljibic, Tyrrhenian and Catalonian thermo-mesomediterranean subhumid-humid silicicolous genistoid retamal seral to | Telinion monspessulano-linifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001; Phlomido purpureae-Retametalia sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart., Díez-Garretas et Asensi in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Teucrion mari (Gamisans et Muracciole 1984) Biondi et Mossa 1992 | Cyrno-Sardinian thermo-mesomediterranean acidophilous garrigue | Genistion corsicae Paradis et Pozzo di Borgo 2005; Myrto communis-Ericion scopariae Paradis et Pozzo di Borgo 2005; Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Thymo moroderi-Sideritidion leucanthae O. de Bolòs 1957 corr. Alcaraz et al. 1989 | Murciano-Almerian infra-thermomediterranean tomillar on calcareous marly soils | Helianthemo almeriensis-Sideritidion pusillae Alcaraz et al. 1989; Thymo longiflori-Sideritidion leucanthae O. de Bolòs 1957 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Ulici argentei-Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. et al. 1965 | Southern Iberian and Moroccan thermo-mesomediterranean xeric silicicolous garrigue | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 | |
| Aegopodio podagrariae-Sambucion nigrae Chytrý in Mucina et al. 2013 | Successional elder scrub in ruderal habitats of Western and Central Europe | Arctio-Sambucion nigrae Doing 1962; Arctio-Sambucion nigrae Doing 1969; Humulo lupuli-Sambucion nigrae de Foucault et Julve in Julve1993; Balloto-Sambucion nigrae (Jurko 1963) Passarge 1978 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Astrantio-Corylion avellanae Passarge 1978 | Hazel scrub on nutrient-rich soils in submontane and montane belts of western and Central Europe | Corylo avellanae-Populion tremulae (Br.-Bl. ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995) Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004 nom. ambig. prpopos.; Corylo avellanae-Populion tremulae Br.-Bl. 1961; Senecioni ovati-Corylion avellanae Weber 1997; Populo tremulae-Corylion avellanae Br.-Bl. 1961 nom. conserv. propos. et nom. invers. propos; Corylo avellanae-Populion tremulae (Br.-Bl. ex O. de Bolòs 1973) Rivas-Mart. et Costa 1998 nom. ambig. propos.; Corylo avellanae-Populion tremulae Br.-Bl. ex Jurko 1964 nom. ambig. propos.; Lonicero nigrae-Corylion avellanae de Foucault et Julve in Julve 1993 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Berberidion vulgaris Br.-Bl. ex Tx. 1952 nom. conserv. | Soutern temperate and submediterranean thermophilous scrub of southern and Central Europe | Rhamno alpini-Berberidion vulgaris Rivas-Mart. In Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011; Amelanchierion ovalis Arlot 1985; Astrantio-Corylion Passarge 1978; Berberidion Br.-Bl. 1950; Corylion avellanae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Crataego-Corylion P. Fukarek 1969; Crataego-Prunion T. Müller 1974; Crataego-Prunion T. Müller ex Korneck 1974; Ligustro-Crataegion Passarge 1978; Ligustro-Prunion spinosae Arlot 1985; Prunion spinosae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Prunion spinosae Soó 1931; Clematido vitalbae-Acerion campestris Felzines in Royer et al. 2006 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Brachypodio pinnati-Juniperion communis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Low-altitude thermophilous juniper scrub on calcarous substrates | Carici-Juniperion communis Passarge 1978 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Carpino-Prunion spinosae Weber 1974 | Mesophilous hedges and scrub of mesotrophic base-rich soils in northern temperate zone of Europe | Rubion subatlanticum Tx. 1952 p.p.; Urtico-Crataegion Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Chelidonio-Acerion negundi L. Ishbirdin et A. Ishbirdin 1989 | Eastern European sub-spontaneous groves and scrub of Acer negundo | Ulmo laevis-Acerion negundi Smetana et al. 1998; Ulmo carpinifoliae-Acerion negundi Smetana et al. 1997 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Cytision oromediterraneo-scoparii Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Auverno-Pyreneean suboceanic temperate humid to hyperhumid silicicolous broomy heath and forest mantle | Cytision oromediterraneo-scoparii Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Northern Apenninian broom heath vegetation | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 | |
| Frangulo alni-Pyrion cordatae Herrera et al. 1991 | Cantabroatlantic mesophilous thorny hedges and mantle scrub on nutrient-poor acidic soils | Ulici europaei-Rubion ulmifolii Weber 1997; Pyro cordatae-Ulicion europaei de Foucault et Julve in Julve 1993 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Frangulo-Rubion Rivas Goday 1964 | Acidophilous scrub of forest clearings and hedges on dry sandy, nutrient-poor soils of (sub)atlantic regions of southwestern Europe | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 | |
| Holoschoeno australis-Salicion arenariae Neto et al. 2004 | Willow dune scrub on dunes of southwestern Iberian Peninsula | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 | |
| Lamio purpureae-Acerion tatarici Fitsailo 2007 | Mesophilous scrub of granite gorges on shallow chernozems soils of forest-steppe zone and southern part of western Ukraine and Moldova | Acerion tatarici Fitsailo (2007) 2008 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Ligustro-Hippophaeion Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1983 | Elder, privet and sea buckthorn tall scrub on dunes in Atlantic region of Western Europe | Oenothero-Hippophaeion maritimi Doing 1962 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann ex Wittig 1977 | Acidophilous scrub, hedges and scrub of forest clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of northwestern Europe | Molinio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Molinio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Rubion plicati Weber 1977; Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann in Tx. 1950 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Prunion fruticosae Tx. 1952 | Subcontinental and continental scrub of forest-steppe and steppe zones of Central and Eastern Europe | Prunion spinosae-fruticosae Zólyomi et Jakucs 1957; Amygdalion nanae Golub in Iljina et al. 1991; Spiraeion mediae Borhidi et Varga 1998; Spiraeion mediae Borhidi et Varga 1999; Spiraeion mediae Borhidi et Varga ex Borhidi 2003; Spiraeion chamaedryfoliae Sanda et Popescu in Sanda et al. 1999 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Pruno spinosae-Rubion radulae Weber 1974 | Bramble scrub on neutral and base-rich soils in Western and Central Europe | Artemisio-Rubion lobatidentis Passarge 1982; Euonymo-Crategion (Tx. 1952) Passarge 1968; Lysimachio-Rubion nessensis Passarge 1982; Pruno-Rubion fruticosi Tx. 1952 corr. Doing 1962; Pruno-Rubion macrophylli Weber in Dierschke 1981; Pruno-Rubion sprengelii Weber 1974; Pruno-Rubion subatlanticum (Tx. 1952) Doing 1962; Rubion subatlanticum Tx. 1952 p.p.; Rubo-Prunion spinosae (Tx. 1952) T. Müller ex Oberd. et al. 1967; Mespilo germanicae-Ilicion aquifolii de Foucault et Julve in Julve 1993 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Salicion arenariae Tx. ex Passarge in Scamoni 1963 | Willow and sea buckthorn low scrub communities on dunes in Atlantic region of Western Europe | Salicion arenariae Tx. 1952 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Sambuco racemosae-Salicion capreae Tx. et Neumann ex Oberd. 1957 | Seral elder and willow scrub of nutrient-rich mull soils of forest clearings of Central Europe | Avenello-Betulion pendulae Passarge 1978; Sambuco nigrae-Salicion capreae Tx. et Neumann in Tx. 1950; Sambuco racemosae-Salicion capreae Tx. et Neumann in Tx. 1950 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957 | Acidophilous broom and gorse mantle of woodland edges and clearings of (sub)atlantic regions of western Europe | Sarothamnion scoparii Tx. 1945; Sarothamnion scoparii Tx. in Preising 1949; Ulici-Sarothamnion Doing 1962; Ulici-Sarothamnion Doing 1969; Ulici-Sarothamnion Doing ex Weber 1997 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Tamo communis-Viburnion lantanae (Géhu et al. 1983) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Cantabroatlantic mesophilous mantle scrub on calcareous to neutrophilous soils | Tamo communis-Viburnion lantanae (Géhu et al. 1983) Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Rosion micranthae Arlot 1985 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Vaccinio-Juniperion communis Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Low-altitude acidophilous juniper scrub | Juniperion communis Fukarek 1969; Vaccinio-Juniperion communis Passarge 1968 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Andryalion agardhii Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas Goday et Mayor 1966 | Baetic supra-oromediterranean pulvinate scrub on calcareous lithosols | Andryalion agardhii Rivas-Mart. 1961 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Anthyllidion hermanniae Klein 1972 | Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean cushion-tragacantic scrub on exposed and windy crests | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Armerion aspomontanae S. Brullo et al. 2001 | Meso-oromediterranean pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Aspromonte (Calabria) | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Armerion nebrodensis S. Brullo 1984 | Meso-oromediterranean silicicolous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Madonie and Nebrodi (Sicilia) | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Astragalion cretici Bergmeier 2002 | Xeric oromediterranean calcareous tragacanthic vegetation of central and eastern Crete | Astracanthion creticae Zaffran 1990 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Astragalo angustifolii-Seslerion coerulantis Quézel 1964 | Oromediterranean xeric calcareous grasslands and tragacanthic vegetation of mainland of Hellas | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Cerastio-Astragalion nebrodensis Pignatti et Nimis ex S. Brullo 1984 | Meso-oromediterranean calciphilous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Madonie and Nebrodi (Sicilia) | Cerastio-Astragalion nebrodensis Pignatti et Nimis in E. Pignatti et al. 1980 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Colchico cretensis-Cirsion morinifolii Bergmeier 2002 | Oromediterranean swards and grasslands on stony soils of grazed dolines and high plateaus of Crete | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Echinospartion horridi Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991 | Supra-orotemperate submediterranean calcareous low scrub of aragonian region of Pyrenees | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Eryngio multifidi-Bromion fibrosi Quézel 1964 | Oromediterranean xeric ophiolithic grasslands and tragacanthic vegetation of mainland of Hellas | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Hyperico stenobotryos-Alyssion troodi S. Brullo et al. 2005 | Oromediterranean scrub on utramafic substrates of Cyprus | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Koelerio brutiae-Astragalion calabrici Giacomini et Gentile ex S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2005 | Meso-oromediterranean pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Sila (Calabria) | Koelerio-Astragalion calabri Giacomini et Gentile ex Pignatti 1980; Koelerio-Astragalion calabri Giacomini et Gentile 1961; Koelerio-Astragalion calabri Giacomini et Gentile 1966; Koelerio-Astragalion calabri Giacomini et Gentile ex S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2004 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Rumici-Astragalion siculi Poli 1965 | Oromediterranean xeric cushion-tragacanthic scrub of Etna | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Stipo pulcherrimae-Morinion persicae Quézel 1964 | Oromediterranean xeric calcareous grasslands of Peloponissos Peninsula | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Verbascion spinosi Zaffran ex Bergmeier 2002 | Xeric oromediterranean calcareous tragacanthic vegetation of western Crete | Verbascion spinosi Zaffran 1990 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Xeroacantho-Erinaceion (Quézel 1953) O. de Bolòs 1967 | Oromediterranean and upper supramediterranean hedgehog scrub of Sierra Nevada and North African Atlas | Xero-Acanthion Quézel 1953 | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 |
| Alnion viridis Schnyder 1930 | Subalpine green alder scrub on fertile soils of Alps and Balkans | Alnion viridis Aichinger 1933; Alnion viridis Lakušic et al. 1975; Alnion viridis Lakušic et al. 1976; Alnion viridis Rameau in Rameau et al. 1993; Alnion viridis Rübel ex Huml et al. 1979; Betulo-Alnion viridis Gams 1936; Salicion lapponum-glaucae Gams 1936; Salicion lapponi-glaucosericeae Gams 1936 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Julve 1993); Betulo pubescentis ssp. carpaticae-Alnion alnobetulae Gams 1926 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Julve 1993) | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 |
| Lonicero-Rhamnion falacis P. Fukarek 1969 | Relic deciduous krummholz of supramontane to subalpine belts at timberline of maritime Northern Dinarides | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 | |
| Salicion helveticae Rübel ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995 | Silicicolous willow krummholz in subalpine belt of Alps | Salicion arbusculae Rübel 1933 | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 |
| Salicion pentandrae Br.-Bl. 1967 | Calciphilous willow krummholz in subalpine belt of Alps | Salicion pentandrae Br.-Bl. 1950; Salicion waldsteinianae Lakušic et al. 1979; Salicion waldsteinianae Oberd. 1978 | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 |
| Salicion silesiacae Rejmánek et al. 1971 | Willow scrub on fertile soils at high altitudes of Western Carpathians and Hercynicum | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 | |
| Epipactido atropurpureae-Pinion mugo Stanisci 1997 | Calcicolous krummholz of subalpine belt of Central Apennines | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 | |
| Erico-Pinion mugo Leibundgut 1948 nom. invers. propos. | Calcareous krummholz of Alps, Carpathians and Balkans | Rhododendro hirsuti-Pinion mugo Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991; Erico-Mugion Passarge 1978 (orig. form); Pinion montanae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Pino mugo-Ericion Leibundgut 1948 (orig. form); Pinion montanae mughi Aichinger 1933 p.p. (orig. form) | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 |
| Lonicero borbasianae-Pinion mugo Carni et Mucina 2013 | Calcareous subalpine dwarf heath on of southern Dinarides | Lonicero borbasianae-Rosion alpinae Redžic et al. 2000 | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 |
| Pinion mugo Pawlowski et al. 1928 | Silicicolous krummholz of subalpine belt of Alps, Carpathians and Balkans | Juniperion nanae P. Fukarek 1969; Pinion mughi Lakušic et al. 1978 (orig.form); Pinion mugo illyricum Redz?ic´ et al. 2011; Pinion montanae Pawlowski et al. 1928 nom. corr. propos.; Athyrio alpestris-Pinion mughi Jirásek 1996 (orig. form); Pinion montanae mughi Aichinger 1933 p.p. (orig. form); Vaccinio-Mugion (Pawlowski et al.1928) Passarge 1978 (orig. form) | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 |
| Aconito nasuti–Juniperion Onipchenko 2002 | Alpine and subalpine chinophobous juniper low scrub of Caucausus | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 | |
| Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949 | Ericoid subalpine chionophilous dwarf scrub heath on siliceous substrates of South Carpathians and Southern Dinadides | Junipero-Bruckenthalion (Horvat 1949) Boscaiu 1971 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Cytision oromediterranei Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1987 | Silicolous orotemperate, mainly submediterranean juniper scrub of Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains | Cytision purgantis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos.; Genistion purgantis Tx. 1954; Genistion purgantis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Junipero-Cytision purgantis Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Nano-Juniperion Rothmaler 1954; Pino-Cytision purgantis Rivas-Mart. 1964; Cytiso oromediterranei-Pinion Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1987 nom. invers. propos.; Pino-Cytision oromediterranei Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1987 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Daphno oleoidis-Juniperion alpinae Stanisci 1997 | Relic subalpine dry juniper low scrub on calcareous substrates of Central and Southern Apennines | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 | |
| Daphno-Genistion radiatae N. Randelovic et Rexhepi 1980 | Relic supramontane dwarf heath on ultramafic and calcaeous substrates of Southern Dinarides | Daphneion oleoidis Lakušic in B. Jovanovic, R. Jovanovic et Zupancic et al. 1986; Cytisanthion radiati N. Randelovic et Rexhepi 1979; Cytisanthion radiati Lakušic in B. Jovanovic et al. 1986; Daphneion oleoidis Lakušic 1968; Daphno-Genistion radiatae N. Randelovic, Rexhepi et Jovanovic 1969 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba ex Daniëls 1982 | Wind-exposed dwarf shrub heath and graminoid vegetation on non acidic substrates of Greenland and Arctic North America | Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba 1974 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Ericion carneae Rübel ex Grabherr et al. 1993 | Subalpine and alpine dwarf heath and krummholz on rocky calcareous soils, outcrops, lapies (karren) and boulders of Alps, Apennines and Northern Dinarides | Ericion carneae Rübel 1933; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic in B. Jovanovic, R. Jovanovic et Zupancic et al. 1986; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic et al. 1979 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Genisto versicoloris-Juniperion hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 | Silicolous oromediterranean juniper scrub of southern Iberian Peninsula (Sierra Nevada) | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 | |
| Genisto-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. 1926 | Montane to subalpine heath of atlantic and subcontinental regions of Europe | Genisto-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Schaminée 1993 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Juniperion nanae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 | Subalpine chinophobous siliceous juniper low scrub of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe | Juniperion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. mut. propos.; Juniperion sibiricae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. mut. propos. | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1943 | Grassy and dwarf-shrub fjelld vegetation of Scotland, Scandinavia, Iceland and Arctic Ocean islands | Caricion nardinae Nordhagen 1935; Dryadion Du Rietz 1942; Dryadion octopetalae Kalliola 1939; Elynion bellardii Nordhagen 1936; Elynion bellardii boreoarcticum Nordhagen 1936; Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1936; Kobresion myosuroidis Gams 1936; Polarion Gjaerevoll 1950; Salicion polaris Du Rietz 1942; Thymo arcticae-Kobresion Ohba 1974; Kobresion myosuroidis Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943 | Arcti and-boreo-alpine tundra scrub of wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland | Arctostaphylo-Cetrarion nivalis Dahl 1957; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1936; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1943; Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola 1939; Loiseleurio-Diapension Daniëls 1982 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 | Ericoid alpine siliceous dwarf scrub heath of wind-exposed habitats of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe | Cetrario-Loiseleurion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964 nom. invers.; Cetrario-Loiseleurion (Br.-Bl. et Sissingh 1939) Schubert 1960; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Krajina 1933; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1936; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1937; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Braun-Blanquet in Braun-Blanquet, Sissingh et Vlieger 1939; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic 1974; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic et al. 1979; Loiseleurio-Cetrarion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1943 | Moderately chionophilous dwarf scrub of boreal and hemiarctic zones of Fennoscandia, Iceland, northern Russia and Greenland | Myrtillion alpinum Du Rietz 1942; Phyllodoceto-myrtilli Kalliola 1939; Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1936; Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1937 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
