Olea europaea-Ceratonia siliqua woodland
Quick facts
Red List habitat type | code RLG2.4 |
---|---|
Threat status | |
Europe | Least Concern |
EU | Least Concern |
Relation to |
|
Source | European Red List habitat factsheet |
European Red List of habitats reports | |
European Red List of habitats (Excel table) |
Summary
This habitat includes woodland dominated by arborescent Olea europaea var. sylvestris, Ceratonia siliqua, Pistacia lentiscus, Myrtus communis or, in the Canary Islands, by Olea europaea subsp. cerasiformis and Pistacia atlantica. It is closely related to the habitat type F5.1/2 Mediterranean maquis and arborescent matorral and, in fact, only a few stands have a sufficiently tall, closed canopy to qualify as this woodland type. All formations occur in the thermo-Mediterranean zone, or the thermo-Canarian for the Olea europaea subsp. cerasiformis type. The most typical example of the Olea europaea var. sylvestris-dominated formations with Ceratonia siliqua and Pistacia lentiscus are found in the northern Tunisia (Djebel Ichkeul) and in southern Andalusia (Tamo communis-Oleetum sylvestris, extinct?), in Menorca (Prasio majoris-Oleetum sylvestris), Sardinia, Sicily, Calabria and Crete. Some carob-dominated facies of the previous unit in Djebel Ichkeul (Tunisia) from the most typical example of the Ceratonia siliqua-dominated formations, often with Olea europaea var. sylvestris and Pistacia lentiscus. Carob-dominated formations are also found in Mallorca (Cneoro tricocci-Ceratonietum siliquae), in eastern Sardinia, in southeastern Sicily, in Puglia, in South Greece, Crete, in northeastern Algeria and in Cyrenaica. The use of these forests as agropastoral systems in some regions results in a physiognomy similar to the dehesas.
Indicators of quality:
- Natural composition and intact woodland canopy
- Vigorous regeneration of typical woody species
- Structural diversity/ complexity with (semi)natural age structure or completeness of layers with a considerable number of carob- and/or olive-tree individuals at the tree layer
- Typical flora and fauna composition of the region
- Presence of old trees and a variety of dead wood (lying or standing) and the associated flora, fauna and fungi
- Presence of natural disturbance such as treefall openings with natural regeneration
- Long historical continuity (ancient woodland) with high species diversity
- Survival of larger stands of forest without anthropogenic fragmentation and isolation (to support fauna which need large undisturbed forests)
- Absence of ruderal, invasive and planted non-native species in all layers (flora & fauna)
- Absence of signs of disturbances (either rare or of low intensity)
- Low levels of soil compactness, absence of trampling and erosion and well developed Ah horizon as good indicators for the lack of overgrazing.
Threat status
Synthesis of Red List assessment
EU | |
Red List Category | Red List Criteria |
Least Concern | - |
Europe | |
Red List Category | Red List Criteria |
Least Concern | - |
Confidence in the assessment
Pressures and threats
- Agriculture
- Cultivation
- Grazing
- Intensive mixed animal grazing
- Stock feeding
- Sylviculture, forestry
- Grazing in forests/ woodland
- Forestry activities not referred to above
- Transportation and service corridors
- Roads, paths and railroads
- Paths, tracks, cycling tracks
- Urbanisation, residential and commercial development
- Urbanised areas, human habitation
- Natural System modifications
- Fire and fire suppression
- Burning down
Habitat restoration potential
Trends in extent |
|
Average current trend in quantity |
|
Stable ![]() |
Unknown ![]() |
EU28 | EU28+ |
Trends in quality |
|
Average current trend in quality |
|
Stable ![]() |
No occurrence ![]() |
EU28 | EU28+ |
Conservation and management needs
List of conservation and management needs
- Measures related to forests and wooded habitats
- Restoring/Improving forest habitats
- Adapt forest management
- Measures related to spatial planning
- Manage landscape features
Distribution
Geographic occurrence and trends
EU28 | Present or presence uncertain | Current area of habitat (Km2) | Recent trend in quantity (last 50 years) | Recent trend in quality (last 50 years) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cyprus | Present | 108 | Stable | Stable |
Greece (mainland and other islands) | Present | 605 | Stable | Stable |
Crete | Present | 605 | Stable | Stable |
East Aegean | Present | 605 | Stable | Stable |
Italy mainland | Present | 249 | Increasing | Increasing |
Sardinia | Present | 249 | Increasing | Increasing |
Sicily | Present | 249 | Increasing | Increasing |
Portugal mainland | Present | 15 | - | - |
Portugal Azores | Present | 15 | - | - |
Canary Islands | Present | 463 | Increasing | Increasing |
Malta | Present | 24 | Stable | Stable |
Madeira | Present | 15 | - | - |
France mainland | Present | 34 | Increasing | Stable |
Corsica | Present | 34 | Increasing | Stable |
Spain mainland | Present | 463 | Increasing | Increasing |
Balearic Islands | Present | 463 | Increasing | Increasing |
Croatia | Present | 55 | Stable | Stable |
EU28 + | Present or presence uncertain | Current area of habitat (Km2) | Recent trend in quantity (last 50 years) | Recent trend in quality (last 50 years) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) | Present | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
Extent of Occurrence, Area of Occupancy and habitat area
Extent of Occurrence (EOO) (Km2) | Area of Occupancy (AOO) | Current estimated Total Area | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EU28 | 4024250 | 1287 | 1066 | |
EU28+ | 1289 | 1066 |
EOO = the area (km2) of the envelope around all occurrences of a habitat (calculated by a minimum convex polygon).
Characteristic species
Species scientific name | English common name | Species group |
---|---|---|
Juniperus oxycedrus | Conifers | |
Arbutus unedo | Flowering Plants | |
Arisarum vulgare | Flowering Plants | |
Asparagus acutifolius | Flowering Plants | |
Asphodelus ramosus | Flowering Plants | |
Bituminaria bituminosa | Flowering Plants | |
Brachypodium retusum | Flowering Plants | |
Bunium macuca | Flowering Plants | |
Calicotome infesta | Flowering Plants | |
Ceratonia siliqua | Flowering Plants | |
Clematis flammula | Flowering Plants | |
Dactylis glomerata | Flowering Plants | |
Dracunculus muscivorus | Flowering Plants | |
Euphorbia spinosa | Flowering Plants | |
Galium rubrum | Flowering Plants | |
Geranium purpureum | Flowering Plants | |
Lonicera implexa | Flowering Plants | |
Myrtus communis | Flowering Plants | |
Olea europaea | Flowering Plants | |
Phillyrea latifolia | Flowering Plants | |
Piptatherum coerulescens | Flowering Plants | |
Pistacia atlantica | Flowering Plants | |
Pistacia lentiscus | Flowering Plants | |
Pistacia terebinthus | Flowering Plants | |
Prasium majus | Flowering Plants | |
Quercus coccifera | Flowering Plants | |
Rhamnus alaternus | Flowering Plants | |
Rosmarinus officinalis | Flowering Plants | |
Rubia peregrina | Flowering Plants | |
Smilax aspera | Flowering Plants | |
Teucrium flavum | Flowering Plants | |
Thymus vulgaris | Flowering Plants | |
Trifolium campestre | Flowering Plants | |
Urginea maritima | Flowering Plants |
Legal status
Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments
Vegetation types
Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)
Not availableOther classifications
Classification | Code | Habitat type name | Relationship type |
---|---|---|---|
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200711 | G2.4 | Olea europaea - Ceratonia siliqua woodland | same |