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Source: Schaminée, J.H.J., Chytrý, M., Hennekens, S.M., Mucina, L., Rodwell, J.S. & Tichý, L. (2012): Development of vegetation syntaxa crosswalks to EUNIS habitat classification and related data sets
| Name | Definition | Synonyms | EUNIS habitat type | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thero-Brachypodion retusi Br.-Bl. 1925 | Western Mediterranean thermo- to supramediterranean semi-arid pseudosteppes on calcareous substrates | Scabioso turolensis-Brachypodion retusi Rossellò 1994; Phlomidi lychnitis-Brachypodion retusi Mateo 1983; Bupleuro baldensis-Brachypodion distachyi (Br.-Bl. 1925) de Foucault 1999; Thero-Brachypodion Br.-Bl. 1931; Teucrio pseudochamaepitys-Brachypodion retusi Rivas-Mart. In Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011; Thero-Brachypodion ramosi Br.-Bl. 1925 nom. mut. propos.; Asphodelo aestivi-Brachypodion retusi de Foucault 1999 | Mediterranean tall-grass and [Artemisia] steppes | E1.4 |
| Triseto velutini-Brachypodion boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Perennial grasslands on dolomitic and ultramafic soils in thermo- to supramediterranean belts of southern Spain | Triseto velutini-Brachypodion boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 | Mediterranean tall-grass and [Artemisia] steppes | E1.4 |
| Armerion eriophyllae Pinto da Silva 1970 | Supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate silicicolous grasslands on ultramafic outcrops of northern Portugal and Galicia | Armerion eriophyllae Pinto da Silva 1965 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Avenion sempervirentis Barbero 1968 | Supramediterranean dry calcareous grasslands of Maritime and Ligurian Alps | Helictotrichion sempervirentis Barbero 1968 nom. mut. propos.; Astragalion aristati Archiloque et al. 1971; Avenion montanae Barbero 1968; Ononidion cenisiae Barbero 1968; Ononidion cenisiae Barbero 1970; Helictotrichion sedenensis Barbero 1968 nom. mut. propos. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Festucion burnatii Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Mayor et al. 1973 | Cantabrian supra-orotemperate grasslands on calcareous lithosols | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Festucion scopariae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Upper supratemperate and lower orotemperate calcareous dry pastures of Central and Eastern Pyrenees | Saponarion caespitosae P. Montserrat et Villar 1987; Festucion gautieri Br.-Bl. 1948 nom. mut. propos. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Genistion lobelii Molinier 1934 | Meso-supramediterranean submediterranean calcicolous dry grasslands and low scrub of Provence, Cevennes and catalano-valencian region | Seslerion mediterraneo-montanum Vanden Berghen 1963; Globularion cordifoliae Allier et Ritter 1971; Globularion cordifoliae Guinochet 1938; Potentillion velutinae Barbero et al. 1972; Seslerion elegantissimae Quézel 1971; Genistion lobelii-villarsii-pulchellae Lavagne et Rebuffel 1998 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Hieracio castellani-Plantaginion radicatae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó 1987 | Supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate submediterranean xerophilous silicicolous grasslands of eastern and northern Iberia | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Jasionion carpetanae González-Albo 1941 | Oro-cryomediterranean xerophilous silicicolous fescue grasslands of mountains of central Iberia | Minuartio juresii-Festucion indigestae Rivas-Mart. In Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963; Minuartio juresii-Festucion indigestae Rivas-Mart. 1964; Minuartio juresii-Festucion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990; Minuartio juresii-Festucion curvifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999; Minuartio bigerrensis-Festucion curvifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Minuartio-Poion ligulatae O. de Bolòs 1962 | Castillian-Oroiberian supra-oromediterranean grasslands on calcareous and ultramafic soils | Festuco hystricis-Poion ligulatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion microphyllae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002; Sideritido pulvinatae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 nom corr. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Ononidion cristatae Royer 1991 | Supratemperate submediterranean dry calcareous grasslands of southwestern Alps | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Ononidion striatae Br.-Bl. et Susplugas 1937 | Supratemperate submediterranean dry calcareous grasslands of Western Pyrenees and catalano-valencian region | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Plantagini discoloris-Thymion mastigophori Molina et Izco 1989 | Castillian-Cantabrian supramediterranean low scrub on calcareous soils | Helianthemo cani-Thymion mastigophori Loidi et Fernandez Prieto 1987; Festuco hystricis-Thymion mastigophori Izo et Molina in Molina 1984 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Plantaginion insularis Klein 1972 | Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean grasslands in snow-carrying depressions | Plantaginion insularis Gamisans 1968; Sedo-Phleion brachystachyi Gamisans 1975 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Ptilotrichion purpurei Quézel 1953 | Oro-cryomediterranean chamaephyte-rich xerophilous silicicolous grasslands of Sierra Nevada | Nevadension purpureae Quézel 1953 nom. mut. propos. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Teesdaliopsio confertae-Luzulion caespitosae Rivas-Mart. 1987 | Oro-cryomediterranean xerophilous silicicolous grasslands of Northern Iberian mountains | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Thymion serpylloidis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1965 | Supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate silicicolous grasslands of southern Iberia | Thymion serpylloidis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart.1963 | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Hordeion murini Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936 | Mediterranean ruderal vegetation dominated by winter-annual grasses | Hordeion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1947; Hordeion murini Br.-Bl. 1931; Rudereto-Hordeion Rothmaler 1943 (oriig. form); Hordeion leporini Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936 corr. O. de Bolòs 1962 | Subnitrophilous annual grassland | E1.6 |
| Laguro ovati-Bromion rigidi Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1985 | Annual grasslands on disturbed coastal sand dunes of Atlantic coast of France | Subnitrophilous annual grassland | E1.6 | |
| Linario polygalifoliae-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 | Submediterranean Cantabrian-Atlantic and thermomediterranean south Iberian-Tingitan annual grasslands on disturbed coastal sand dunes | Vulpion alopecuroidis Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977; Scrophulario frutescentis-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 nom. dubium propos.; Linario viscosae-Vulpion alopecuri Rivas-Mart. et Izco ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 | Subnitrophilous annual grassland | E1.6 |
| Taeniathero-Aegilopion geniculatae Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977 | Annual grasslands of abandoned overgrazed habitats of Spanish Meseta Central | Aegilopion Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963 | Subnitrophilous annual grassland | E1.6 |
| Salicion cinereae T. Müller et Görs ex Passarge 1961 | Willow carr communities of Western Europe and subatlantic Central Europe | Comaro-Salicion auritae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Salici cinereae-Rhamnion catharticae Géhu et al. ex Rameau in Bardat et al. 2004; Comaro-Salicion cinereae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Alno-Salicion cinereae Doing 1962; Betulo-Salicion repentis Succow 1974; Equiseto-Salicion cinereae Passarge 1978; Equiseto-Salicion cinereae Passarge 1981; Frangulo-Salicion auritae Doing 1962; Frangulo-Salicion auritae Doing ex Steffen 1968; Impatienti-Salicion uliginosae Passarge 1981; Osmundo regalis-Myricion gale de Foucault ex Julve 1993; Peucedano-Salicion cinereae Passarge 1978; Salicion auritae Doing 1962 nom. conserv. propos.; Salicion cinereae T. Müller et Görs 1958; Sphagno-Salicion auritae (Doing 1962) Succow 1974; Eriophoro-Salicion auritae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Urtico-Salicion cinereae Passarge 1968; Alno-Salicion auritae Doing ex Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Salici cinereae-Viburnion opuli Passarge ex de Foucault 1991; Salici cinereae-Viburnion opuli Passarge ex de Foucault 1992; Eriophoro-Salicion cinereae Passarge in Passarge 1968; Eriophoro-Salicion cinereae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Ribeso nigri-Salicion cinereae de Foucault ex Julve 1993 | [Salix] carr and fen scrub | F9.2 |
| Achilleo-Arnicion Horvat et Pawlowski in Horvat 1960 | Oligotrophic pastures in planare to submontane belts of western Balkan Peninsula | Achilleo-Arnicion Horvat 1930; Calluno-Festucion capillatae Horvat 1959; Calluno-Festucion capillatae Horvat 1962; Festuco-Agrostion capillaris Redžic 1990; Gentianello crispatae-Nardion Redžic 1990; Achilleo-Arnicion Horvat et Pawlowski ex Horvat et al. 1974; Calluno-Festucion capillatae Horvat ex Horvat et al. 1974 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Armerio-Potentillion Micevski 1978 | Dry steppic grasslands on deep soils over siliceous bedrocks in montane belt of Macedonia | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 | |
| Armerion elongatae Pötsch 1962 | Closed meso-xerophytic swards on slightly acidic to slightly alkaline sandy soils in lowlands of subcontinental Europe | Plantagini-Festucion trachyphyllae Passarge 1964 nom. corr. propos.; Armerion elongatae Krausch 1959; Armerion elongatae Krausch 1962; Plantagini lanceolatae-Festucion brevipilae Passarge 1964 corr. Kratzert et Dengler 1999; Plantagini lanceolatae-Festucion ovinae Passarge 1964; Vicio lathyroidis-Potentillion argenteae Brzeg in Brzeg et Wojterska 1996 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Armerion junceae Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Meso-xerophytic closed tussock grasslands on dolomite sands of southern France | Armerion girardii Br.-Bl. 1931 corr. Julve 1993; Armerion girardii Loisel 1971; Armerion juncei Br.-Bl. 1931 (orig. form) | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Nardo-Agrostion tenuis Sillinger 1933 | Mat-grass dry pastures of submotane to supramontane belts of mountain ranges of Central Europe and northern Balkan Peninsula | Agrostio-Festucion rubrae (Puscaru et al. 1956) Resmerita 1978; Festucion rubrae Csurös et al. 1958; Nardion strictae montanum Domin 1933; Agrostio-Festucion rubrae subalpinum Puscaru et al. 1956; Agrostio-Festucion rubrae montanum Puscaru et al. 1956; Danthonio decumbentis-Nardion strictae (Domin 1933) Redžic 2007 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Potentillo-Polygonion vivipari Nordhagen ex Dierßen 1992 | Pastures on poor to moderate rich soils in montane belt of Scandinavia | Nardo-Agrostion capillaris Nordhagen 1936; Nardo-Agrostion capillaris Nordhagen 1943; Potentillo-Polygonion vivipari Nordhagen 1936 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Sedo-Cerastion arvensis Sissingh et Tideman 1960 | Closed meso-xerophytic swards on acidic to neutral sandy soils in lowlands of atlantic to subatlantic regions of Europe | Carici arenariae-Festucion filiformis de Foucault 1994; Hieracio-Festucion tenuifoliae Doing 1963; Sedo-Koelerion gracilis Doing 1963; Pilosello-Festucion tenuifoliae Doing 1974 (orig. form); Polygalo vulgaris-Koelerion macranthae Weeda et al. in Schaminée et al. 1996; Carici arenariae-Festucion filiformis de Foucault 1993 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Violion caninae Schwickerath 1944 | Meso-subxerophilous oligotrophic pastures in planare to submontane belts of Western and Central Europe | Galio saxatilis-Festucion filiformis de Foucault 1994; Agrostion curtisii de Foucault 1986; Violo caninae-Nardion (Schwickerath 1944) Ellenberg 1978; Nardo-Galion saxatilis Preising 1949; Nardo-Galion saxatilis Preising 1950; Potentillo erectae-Holcion mollis Passarge 1979; Violo-Nardion Oberd. 1949; Avenulo marginatae sulcatae-Nardion Stieperaere in de Foucault 1994; Nardo-Agrostion caninae Cortini Pedrotti et al. 1973; Avenulo marginatae sulcatae-Nardion Stieperaere in de Foucault 2012; Galio saxatilis-Festucion vivipareae de Foucault 1994; Avenulo marginatae sulcatae-Nardion Stieperaere 1990; Danthonio decumbentis-Serapiadion linguae de Foucault 1994 | Closed non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.7 |
| Armerio-Potentillion Micevski 1978 | Dry steppic grasslands on deep soils over siliceous bedrocks in montane belt of Macedonia | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 | |
| Armerion elongatae Pötsch 1962 | Closed meso-xerophytic swards on slightly acidic to slightly alkaline sandy soils in lowlands of subcontinental Europe | Plantagini-Festucion trachyphyllae Passarge 1964 nom. corr. propos.; Armerion elongatae Krausch 1959; Armerion elongatae Krausch 1962; Plantagini lanceolatae-Festucion brevipilae Passarge 1964 corr. Kratzert et Dengler 1999; Plantagini lanceolatae-Festucion ovinae Passarge 1964; Vicio lathyroidis-Potentillion argenteae Brzeg in Brzeg et Wojterska 1996 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Armerion junceae Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Meso-xerophytic closed tussock grasslands on dolomite sands of southern France | Armerion girardii Br.-Bl. 1931 corr. Julve 1993; Armerion girardii Loisel 1971; Armerion juncei Br.-Bl. 1931 (orig. form) | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Corynephorion canescentis Klika 1931 | Silicicolous tussock perennial open grasslands of atlantic and subatlantic regions of northwestern and Central Europe | Caricion arenariae Doing 1974; Corynephorion Br.-Bl. et de Leeuw 1926; Dicrano-Cladinion Doing 1963; Filagini-Corynephorion Passarge 1960; Miboro minimae-Corynephorion canescentis Loiseau et Felzines 2007; Polytricho-Cornicularion Doing 1974; Spergulo-Corynephorion (Klika 1931) Passarge 1960; Sedo micranthi-Corynephorion canescentis Loiseau et Felzines 2007 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Diantho pinifolii-Jasionion heldreichii Bergmeier et al. 2009 | Pioneer herb-rich vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops and stabilised ultramafic rubble of northern Hellas | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 | |
| Hyperico perforati-Scleranthion perennis Moravec 1967 | Boreo-montane cilicicolous meso-xerophytic closed swards on shallow skeletal soils of Central Europe, British Isles and Fennoscandia | Thymo pulegioidis-Sedion sexangulare Didukh et Kontar 1998; Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis Korneck 1974; Poo compressae-Rumicion acetosellae Dudikh et Kontar 1998 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Koelerion glaucae Volk 1931 | Steppic grasslands on stabilised inland sand dunes on fluvioglacial deposits of Central and Eastern Europe | Helichrysion arenarii Tx. 1951 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic in N. Randelovic 1977 | Silicicolous therophyte swards of submediterranean-continental Serbia | Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic 1973; Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici N. Randelovic et Horvatic 1974; Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic in N. Randelovic 1975 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sedion anglici Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of atlantic region of Europe | Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion rupestris de Foucault 2001; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion reflexi de Foucault in Julve 1993; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion rupestris de Foucault 1999; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion reflexi de Foucault 1999 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of Pyrenees and western Iberia | Sedion pyrenaici Tx. 1954; Sedion pyrenaici Tx. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984; Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii Korneck 1974 | Thermophilous therophyte- and geophyte-rich vegetation on stable siliceous rubble of Central Europe | Spergulo pentandrae-Veronicion dillenii de Foucault 1999; Spergulo pentandrae-Veronicion dillenii de Foucault 2001; Rumici-Veronicion dillenii Passarge 1977; Veronicion dillenii Oberd. 1957 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sedo-Cerastion arvensis Sissingh et Tideman 1960 | Closed meso-xerophytic swards on acidic to neutral sandy soils in lowlands of atlantic to subatlantic regions of Europe | Carici arenariae-Festucion filiformis de Foucault 1994; Hieracio-Festucion tenuifoliae Doing 1963; Sedo-Koelerion gracilis Doing 1963; Pilosello-Festucion tenuifoliae Doing 1974 (orig. form); Polygalo vulgaris-Koelerion macranthae Weeda et al. in Schaminée et al. 1996; Carici arenariae-Festucion filiformis de Foucault 1993 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1950 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of Alpic valleys | Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1949; Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1955; Sempervivo-Sedion (Br.-Bl. 1955) T. Müller 1961; Rumici acetosellae-Scleranthion perennis de Foucault 1999; Rumici acetosellae-Scleranthion perennis de Foucault 2001 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri Korneck 1974 | Steppic sandy grasslands on stablised inland sand dunes of Central Europe | Androsaco septentrionali-Cerastion semidecandri Glowacki 1988 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Thero-Airion Tx. ex Oberd. 1957 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils of winter-mild atlantic and sub-boreal regions of Europe and Madeira | Tuberario guttatae-Airion praecocis de Foucault 1999; Airion caryophylleo-praecocis Rivas-Mart. 1978; Thero-Airion Tx. 1951; Thero-Trifolion Doing 1974; Tuberario guttatae-Airion praecocis de Foucault 2001 | Open non-Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland, including inland dune grassland | E1.9 |
| Arabidion caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 | Vegetation of snow-beds on stabilised calcareous screes of alpine-subnival belts of European mountains | Salici herbaceae-Arabidion caeruleae Englisch 1999; Salicion retusae Horvat 1949; Soldanello alpinae-Salicion retusae Englisch 1999 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Cassiopo-Salicion herbaceae Nordhagen 1943 | Arctic and boreo-arctic snow-bed dwarf-scrub communities on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland | Herbaceion Du Rietz 1950 (orig. form); Herbaceion Gjaerevoll 1956 (orig. form); Luzulion arcticae (Nordhagen 1936) Gjaervoll 1956; Luzulion nivalis Nordhagen 1936; Salicion herbaceae Du Rietz 1942; Cassiopeto-Salicion herbaceae Nordhagen 1936 (orig. form) | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Festucion picturatae Krajina 1933 corr. Dúbravcová 2007 | Snow-bed tall grasslands of stabilised silicolous scree gullies irrigated by melt waters of alpine belt of Alps and Carpathians | Festucion pictae Krajina 1933 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Hyalopoion ponticae Rabotnova et Onipchenko in Onipchenko 2002 | Snow-bed communities on siliceous substrates in alpine belt of Caucasus | Colpodion variegati Korotkov 2006; Saxifragion sibiricae Onipchenko 2002; Sibbaldion semiglabrae Rabotnova in Onipchenko et al 1987 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Ranunculion crenati Lakušic 1968 | Snow-bed communities on siliceous substrates in alpine belt of central and southern Balkan Peninsula | Ranunculion crenati Lakušic 1970 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Ranunculo hyperborei-Drepanocladion revolventis Philippi 1973 | Moss-rich hygrophilous tundra of Svalbard | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 | |
| Ranunculo-Oxyrion didynae Nordhagen 1943 | Vegetation of base-rich water-saturated solifluction herb-rich snowfields from alpine belt of Scandinavia and middle arctic zone | Saxifrago-Ranunculion nivalis (Nordhagen 1943) Dierßen 1984; Saxifrago stellaris-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1956; Luzulion arcuatae Elvebakk 1985; Ranunculo-Oxyrion digynae Nordhagen 1936; Saxifrago stellaris-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Salici herbaceae-Caricion lachenalii Béguin et Theurillat 1982 | Vegetation of sandy-gravely siliceous alluvia dominated by arctic-alpine species in alpine belt of Alps | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 | |
| Salicion herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 | Snow-bed communities on siliceous substrates of alpine and nival belts of mountains of nemoral zone of Europe | Luzulion spadiceae Rübel 1933; Nardo-Salicion herbaceae Englisch 1999 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Sedion candollei Rivas-Mart., Fernández González et Loidi in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Snow-bed communities of cryo-oromediterranean belt of Iberian Peninsula | Sedion candollei Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 nom. mut. propos.; Mucizonion sedoidis Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Aethionemion saxatilis Bergmeier et al. 2009 | Thermophilous communities of calcareous and metalliferous rock outcrops of northern Hellas | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 | |
| Alysso-Sedion Oberd. et T. Müller in T. Müller 1961 | Thermophilous stonecrop communities of weathered calcareous rocks | Allio sphaerocephali-Sedion albi (Oberd. et T. Müller in T. Müller 1961) de Foucault 1999; Alysso-Veronicion praecocis Passarge 1977; Sedo albi-Poion compressae (Oberd. et T. Müller in T. Müller 1961) de Foucault 1999; Sedo-Teucrion Doing 1963; Valerianello-Veronicion arvensis Passarge 1996; Gageo bohemicae-Sedion albi (Oberd. 1957) de Foucault 1999; Acino arvensis-Arenario serpyllifoliae de Foucault 1989; Sedo albi-Paronychion serpyllifoliae Tx. et Oberd. 1954 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Diantho pinifolii-Jasionion heldreichii Bergmeier et al. 2009 | Pioneer herb-rich vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops and stabilised ultramafic rubble of northern Hellas | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 | |
| Hyperico perforati-Scleranthion perennis Moravec 1967 | Boreo-montane cilicicolous meso-xerophytic closed swards on shallow skeletal soils of Central Europe, British Isles and Fennoscandia | Thymo pulegioidis-Sedion sexangulare Didukh et Kontar 1998; Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis Korneck 1974; Poo compressae-Rumicion acetosellae Dudikh et Kontar 1998 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic in N. Randelovic 1977 | Silicicolous therophyte swards of submediterranean-continental Serbia | Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic 1973; Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici N. Randelovic et Horvatic 1974; Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatic et N. Randelovic in N. Randelovic 1975 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedion anglici Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of atlantic region of Europe | Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion rupestris de Foucault 2001; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion reflexi de Foucault in Julve 1993; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion rupestris de Foucault 1999; Hyperico linarifolii-Sedion reflexi de Foucault 1999 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedion micrantho-sediformis Rivas-Mart., P. Sánchez et Alcaraz ex P. Sánchez et Alcaraz 1993 | Communities of calcareous outcrops in mesomediterranean southwestern Iberia | Sedion micrantho-sediformis Rivas-Mart., P. Sánchez et Alcaraz in Alcaraz et al. 1991; Sedion micranthi (O. de Bolòs 1981) De la Torre et al. 1996 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of Pyrenees and western Iberia | Sedion pyrenaici Tx. 1954; Sedion pyrenaici Tx. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984; Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii Korneck 1974 | Thermophilous therophyte- and geophyte-rich vegetation on stable siliceous rubble of Central Europe | Spergulo pentandrae-Veronicion dillenii de Foucault 1999; Spergulo pentandrae-Veronicion dillenii de Foucault 2001; Rumici-Veronicion dillenii Passarge 1977; Veronicion dillenii Oberd. 1957 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1950 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on rocky outcrops on siliceous rocks of Alpic valleys | Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1949; Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. 1955; Sempervivo-Sedion (Br.-Bl. 1955) T. Müller 1961; Rumici acetosellae-Scleranthion perennis de Foucault 1999; Rumici acetosellae-Scleranthion perennis de Foucault 2001 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Sedo-Thymion De Molenaar 1976 | Open sub-thermophilous grassy swards and low scrub on skeletal shallow soils on siliceous substrates of Greenland | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 | |
| Thero-Airion Tx. ex Oberd. 1957 | Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils of winter-mild atlantic and sub-boreal regions of Europe and Madeira | Tuberario guttatae-Airion praecocis de Foucault 1999; Airion caryophylleo-praecocis Rivas-Mart. 1978; Thero-Airion Tx. 1951; Thero-Trifolion Doing 1974; Tuberario guttatae-Airion praecocis de Foucault 2001 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Tortello tortuosae-Sedion albi Hallberg ex Dengler et Löbel 2006 | Xeric basiphilous grasslands of shallow soils of southern Baltic alvars | Festucion alvarense Albertson 1950; Tortello-Sedion Hallberg 1971; Helianthemo-Globularion Br.-Bl. 1963 nom. dubium p.p.; Helianthemo-Cetrarion (Br.-Bl. 1963) Krahulec et al. 1986; Anthyllido-Artemision campestris Sunding in Marker 1969 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Valerianion tuberosae Guinochet 1975 | Communities of calcareus shallow rubble soils in supramediterranean belt of Prealps of southern France | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 | |
| Veronico-Poion glaucae Nordhagen 1943 | Open sub-thermophilous grasslands on sandy and skeletal shallow soils on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia | Veronico-Poion alpinae Sunding 1978; Veronico-Poion glaucae Nordhagen 1942 | Weathered rock and outcrop habitats | H3.6 |
| Agrostion alpinae Jeník et al. 1980 | Tussock grasslands on steep, terraced slopes in subalpine belt of eastern Hercynicum | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Agrostion schraderanae Grabherr 1993 | Open grasslands in disturbed avalanches tracks in subalpine and alpine belts of Eastern Alps | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Anemonastro sibirici-Festucion ovinae Chytrý et al. 1993 | Moderately chionophilous silicicolous alpine grasslands of southern Siberian mountains and South Urals | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Anemonion speciosae Minaeva ex Onipchenko 2002 | Alpine swards on siliceous substrates of Caucasus | Anemonion speciosae Minaeva 1987; Alchemillo caucasicae-Campanulion tridnetatae Korotkov et Belonovskaya 2000 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Oberd. 1957 | Tall species-rich grasslands on dry acidic soils of upper montane and subalpine belts of Western and Central Europe | Calamagrostion arundinaceae Oberd. 1949; Calamagrostion atlanticum Luquet 1926; Dryopteridion Eggler 1952; Ligustico mutellinae-Luzulion desvauxii Michalet et Philippe 1994; Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Jeník 1961 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Calamagrostion villosae Pawlowski et al. 1928 | Tall-herb and fern-rich communities of acidic and leached soils of Alps, Carpathians and Hercynian mountains | Poo chaixii-Deschampsion caespitosae Jeník et al. 1980; Calamagrostion villosae Br.-Bl. 1930 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Campanulion albanicae Lakušic 1966 | Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of Montenegro and Kosovo | Campanulion albanicae Lakušic 1964; Campanulion linifoliae Lakušic 1964; Campanulion linifoliae Lakušic 1966; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1967; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1968; Festucion albanicae Lakušic 1969; Jasionion linifoliae sensu V. Randelovic et Raxhepi 1980 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Relictual supratemperate submediterranean and supra-oromediterranean mat-grass swards of mountains of central and western Iberian Peninsula | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Carici macrostyli-Nardion (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) de Foucault 1994 | Mat-grass chionophilous swards at high altidues of Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Carici-Juncion trifidi Nordhagen 1943 | Arctic and boreo-arctic rush swards on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard and Iceland | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Caricion curvulae Br.-Bl. 1925 | Alpine sedge swards on siliceous substrates of Alps, Eastern and Southern Carpathians | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Equiseto-Galion borealis Tx. in Tx. et Böttcher 1969 | Slightly chionophilous grasslands on base-rich volcanic soils of Iceland | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Festucion eskiae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Subalpine chionophilous tussock grasslands on decalcified oligotrophic substrates of Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains | Festucion spadiceae Nègre 1969; Campanulo herminii-Festucion eskiae de Foucault 1994 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion macratherae Avena et Bruno 1975 corr. Petriccione et Persia 1995 | Tussock oligotrophic grasslands on decalcified deep soils at high altitudes of Central Apennines | Caricion kitaibelianae Migliaccio 1970; Festucion violaceae Avena et Bruno 1975 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion supinae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Alpine chionophobous tussock grasslands of cryoturbated soils ofnsiliceous substrates of Pyrenees | Festucion airoidis Br.-Bl. 1948 nom. mut. propos.; Festucion alpinae Borza 1958 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion variae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet 1938 | Tussock grasslands on decalcified soils of high altitudes of Alps and Pyrenees | Hyperico richeri-Festucion spadiceae (Br.-Bl. 1972) de Foucault 2012; Festucion spadiceae Br.-Bl. 1972; Festucion variae Br.-Bl. 1925 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1934 | Tussock grasslands on mylonites in alpine belt of Carpathians | Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion woronowii Tsepkova 1987 | Alpine acidophilous species-rich grasslands of Caucasus | Anemonion speciosae Minaeva 1987; Violo altaicae–Festucion variae Onipchenko 2002; Hedysaro caucasicae–Geranion gymnocauli Onipchenko 2002 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion xanthinae Lakušic et al. 1969 | Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of southwestern Dinarides | Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic 1968; Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic et al. in Lakušic 1969 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Juncion trifidi Krajina 1934 | Alpine rush swards on siliceous substrates of Western Carpathians | Juncion trifidi Krajina 1933 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1943 | Grassy and dwarf-shrub fjelld vegetation of Scotland, Scandinavia, Iceland and Arctic Ocean islands | Caricion nardinae Nordhagen 1935; Dryadion Du Rietz 1942; Dryadion octopetalae Kalliola 1939; Elynion bellardii Nordhagen 1936; Elynion bellardii boreoarcticum Nordhagen 1936; Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1936; Kobresion myosuroidis Gams 1936; Polarion Gjaerevoll 1950; Salicion polaris Du Rietz 1942; Thymo arcticae-Kobresion Ohba 1974; Kobresion myosuroidis Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Kobresion capilliformis Tsepkova 1987 | Alpine summit graminoid tundra of high mountains of Caucasus | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Nardion strictae Br.-Bl. 1926 | Mat-grass chionophilous swards of subalpine and alpine belts of Alps, Carpathians and Northern Apennines | Eu-Nardion Oberd. 1949; Eu-Nardion Oberd. 1950; Diphasiastro-Nardion (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926) Ellenberg 1978; Nardion Luquet 1933; Nardion strictae alpinum Borza 1943; Nardion strictae alpinum Puscaru et al. 1956; Nardo-Trifolion alpini Preising 1949; Galio saxatilis-Potentillion aureae de Foucault 1994; Campanulo barbatae-Potentillion aureae de Foucault 1994 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Nardo-Caricion rigidae Nordhagen 1943 | Moderately chionophilous mat-grass swards of Scandinavia and Hercynicum | Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion Dahl 1957; Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion Du Rietz 1942; Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion Gjaerevoll 1956; Hierochloo orthantae-Juncion trifidi Knapp 1964; Nardo-Caricion rigidae Nordhagen 1936; Nardo-Caricion bigelowii Nordhagen 1943 nom. mut. propos.; Nardo-Caricion bigelowii Nordhagen 1936 nom. mut. propos. | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Plantaginion thalackeri Quézel 1953 | Relictual oro-cryomediterranean hygrophilous and chionophilous mat-grass swards of souht Spanish Sierra Nevada | Plantaginion nivalis Quézel 1953 nom. mut. propos. | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Poion violaceae Horvat et al. 1937 | Alpine and subalpine silicicolous grasslands on deep acidic soils in wind-sheltered habitats of Balkan Peninsula | Fesiucion valido-paniculatae (N. Randelovic 1974) V. Randelovic 2001; Bellardiochloion violaceae Sanda et al. 2001; Festucion valido-paniculatae N. Randelovic 1974; Festuco-Poion violaceae Horvat 1936; Genistion sericeae N. Randelovic 2008; Festucion valido-paniculatae N. Randelovic et al. 2008; Festucion valido-paniculatae V. Randelovic in V. Randelovic et Zlatkovic 2010 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Potentillo montenegrinae-Festucion paniculatae Redžic ex Carni et Mucina 2013 | Tussock grasslands on decalcified deep soils at high altitudes of Balkan Peninsula | Festucion spadiceae Redžic et al. 1984; Potentillo montenegrinae-Festucion paniculatae Redžic (2003) 2011; Carici-Festucion paniculatae calcicolum Redžic 2003 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Potentillo rigoanae-Festucion paniculatae Di Pietro all. nova hoc loco | diagnosis | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 | |
| Potentillo ternatae-Nardion Simon 1958 | Oligothrophic mat-grass swards of mountainain ranges of south-central Balkan Peninsula | Nardion strictae Horvat 1937; Potentillo ternatae-Nardion Simon 1957 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Potentillo-Polygonion vivipari Nordhagen ex Dierßen 1992 | Pastures on poor to moderate rich soils in montane belt of Scandinavia | Nardo-Agrostion capillaris Nordhagen 1936; Nardo-Agrostion capillaris Nordhagen 1943; Potentillo-Polygonion vivipari Nordhagen 1936 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
