EUNIS habitat classification 2017 > T - Forest and other wooded land > T1 - Deciduous broadleaved forest > T17 - Fagus forest on non-acid soils

Fagus forest on non-acid soils

Description (English)

Forest dominated by beech (Fagus sylvatica and Fagus orientalis) on base-rich to neutral, mesotrophic to eutrophic, mineral soils. It occurs through the Atlantic and continental areas of Europe and, at higher altitudes, in the submediterranean zone. Associated trees, including evergreen conifers like fir (Abies alba) and spruce (Picea abies) which figures at the altitudinal limit, are always subordinate in cover and usually in height, though broadleaved associates are more extensive and diverse on richer soils and, like the usually sparse shrub layer, show regional climate-related variation. The field layer can be species-rich.

Source: EUNIS habitat classification

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type	code T17
Relation to	Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Legal text	Annex	Name in legal text	Code in legal text	Habitat type relationship	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests	9130	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Medio-European subalpine beech woods with Acer and Rumex arifolius	9140	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Medio-European limestone beech forests of the Cephalanthero-Fagion	9150	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Illyrian Fagus sylvatica forests (Aremonio-Fagion)	91K0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Western Pontic beech forests	91S0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Dacian Beech forests (Symphyto-Fagion)	91V0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Moesian beech forests	91W0	Overlap	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Dobrogean beech forests	91X0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Apeninne beech forests with Taxus and Ilex	9210	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis	9220	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Hellenic beech forests with Abies borisii-regis	9270	Overlap	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Quercus frainetto woods	9280	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Fagus woodland	G1.6	Narrower	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Indicator species

Diagnostic species

Constant species

Dominant species

Flowering Plants Fagus sylvatica

Flowering Plants Galium odoratum

Flowering Plants Viola reichenbachiana

Flowering Plants Cardamine bulbifera

Flowering Plants Mercurialis perennis

Flowering Plants Acer pseudoplatanus

Flowering Plants Carex sylvatica

Ferns Dryopteris filix-mas

Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Fagus sylvatica		Flowering Plants
Galium odoratum		Flowering Plants
Viola reichenbachiana		Flowering Plants
Cardamine bulbifera		Flowering Plants
Mercurialis perennis		Flowering Plants
Acer pseudoplatanus		Flowering Plants
Carex sylvatica		Flowering Plants
Dryopteris filix-mas		Ferns

Flowering Plants Fagus sylvatica

Flowering Plants Galium odoratum

Flowering Plants Acer pseudoplatanus

Flowering Plants Viola reichenbachiana

Flowering Plants Oxalis acetosella

Ferns Dryopteris filix-mas

Flowering Plants Hedera helix

Flowering Plants Fraxinus excelsior

Flowering Plants Mercurialis perennis

Flowering Plants Rubus fruticosus

Flowering Plants Lactuca muralis

Ferns Athyrium filix-femina

Flowering Plants Corylus avellana

Flowering Plants Carex sylvatica

Conifers Picea abies

Flowering Plants Anemone nemorosa

Conifers Abies alba

Flowering Plants Poa nemoralis

Flowering Plants Euphorbia amygdaloides

Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Fagus sylvatica		Flowering Plants
Galium odoratum		Flowering Plants
Acer pseudoplatanus		Flowering Plants
Viola reichenbachiana		Flowering Plants
Oxalis acetosella		Flowering Plants
Dryopteris filix-mas		Ferns
Hedera helix		Flowering Plants
Fraxinus excelsior		Flowering Plants
Mercurialis perennis		Flowering Plants
Rubus fruticosus		Flowering Plants
Lactuca muralis		Flowering Plants
Athyrium filix-femina		Ferns
Corylus avellana		Flowering Plants
Carex sylvatica		Flowering Plants
Picea abies		Conifers
Anemone nemorosa		Flowering Plants
Abies alba		Conifers
Poa nemoralis		Flowering Plants
Euphorbia amygdaloides		Flowering Plants

Flowering Plants Fagus sylvatica

Flowering Plants Hedera helix

Flowering Plants Galium odoratum

Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Fagus sylvatica		Flowering Plants
Hedera helix		Flowering Plants
Galium odoratum		Flowering Plants

Please note that a maximum of 20 species of each indicator category is shown.

Other classifications

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	G1.6	Fagus woodland	narrower
European Red List of Habitats	G1.6a	Fagus woodland on non-acid soils	same

For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	G1.6	Fagus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	G1.6	Fagus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	G1.6	Fagus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	G1.6	Fagus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	G1.6	Fagus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	G1.7	Beech woodland	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905	41.1	Beech forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997	41.1	Beech forests	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996	41.1		same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993	41.1		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991	41.1		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989	41.1		same

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Fagus forest on non-acid soils

Description (English)

Quick facts

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Indicator species

Other classifications

History