EUNIS habitat classification 2017 > T - Forest and other wooded land > T1 - Deciduous broadleaved forest > T19 - Temperate and submediterranean thermophilous deciduous forest

Temperate and submediterranean thermophilous deciduous forest

Description (English)

These thermophilous broadleaved deciduous forests form a wide, but interrupted, belt across the submediterranean zone of Europe, with milder winters and warmer drought-prone summers than sustain the broadleaved temperate forests, but colder, intermittently frosty and snowy winters than are typical for the evergreen broadleaved forests and scrub of the Mediterranean. To the north, they tend to occupy low-altitude, drier and warmer sites, and to the south, rainier sites at higher altitudes.

Source: EUNIS habitat classification

Quick facts

EUNIS habitat type	code T19
Relation to	Resolution 4 habitat type (used for designation of Emerald sites)

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Legal text	Annex	Name in legal text	Code in legal text	Habitat type relationship	More information
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Eastern white oak woods	91AA	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Thermophilous Fraxinus angustifolia woods	91B0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens	91H0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Euro-Siberian steppic woods with Quercus spp	91I0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak	91M0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	* Pannonic inland sand dune thicket (Junipero-Populetum albae)	91N0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Moesian silver lime woods	91Z0	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Galicio-Portuguese oak woods with Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica	9230	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Quercus faginea and Quercus canariensis Iberian woods	9240	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Quercus trojana woods	9250	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Aegean Quercus brachyphylla woods	9310	Wider	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]
Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats	Revised Annex I of Resolution 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention on endangered natural habitats types using the EUNIS habitat classification (year of revision 2010)	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	G1.7	Narrower	https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc....ckColorLogged=FDC864 Resolution No. 4 (1996) of the Bern Convention lists endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures [and the designation of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) forming the Emerald network]

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Not available

Indicator species

Diagnostic species

Constant species

Dominant species

Flowering Plants Quercus cerris

Flowering Plants Quercus pubescens

Flowering Plants Cornus mas

Flowering Plants Sorbus torminalis

Flowering Plants Quercus frainetto

Flowering Plants Lathyrus niger

Flowering Plants Acer campestre

Flowering Plants Ligustrum vulgare

Flowering Plants Crataegus monogyna

Flowering Plants Viburnum lantana

Flowering Plants Carpinus orientalis

Flowering Plants Fraxinus ornus

Flowering Plants Melittis melissophyllum

Diagnostic species occur concentrated in the habitat in question, but are absent or rare in other habitats. They are good positive indicators of the habitat, but they do not need to occur in every location of the habitat.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Quercus cerris		Flowering Plants
Quercus pubescens		Flowering Plants
Cornus mas		Flowering Plants
Sorbus torminalis		Flowering Plants
Quercus frainetto		Flowering Plants
Lathyrus niger		Flowering Plants
Acer campestre		Flowering Plants
Ligustrum vulgare		Flowering Plants
Crataegus monogyna		Flowering Plants
Viburnum lantana		Flowering Plants
Carpinus orientalis		Flowering Plants
Fraxinus ornus		Flowering Plants
Melittis melissophyllum		Flowering Plants

Flowering Plants Crataegus monogyna

Flowering Plants Quercus pubescens

Flowering Plants Hedera helix

Flowering Plants Ligustrum vulgare

Flowering Plants Acer campestre

Flowering Plants Prunus spinosa

Flowering Plants Dactylis glomerata

Flowering Plants Cornus sanguinea

Flowering Plants Rubia peregrina

Flowering Plants Rosa canina

Flowering Plants Brachypodium sylvaticum

Flowering Plants Fraxinus ornus

Flowering Plants Teucrium chamaedrys

Flowering Plants Sorbus torminalis

Flowering Plants Viburnum lantana

Flowering Plants Quercus cerris

Conifers Juniperus communis subsp. communis

Flowering Plants Corylus avellana

Flowering Plants Brachypodium pinnatum

Flowering Plants Fragaria vesca

Constant species occur frequently in the habitat, but they may include generalist species that are also frequent in other habitats.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Crataegus monogyna		Flowering Plants
Quercus pubescens		Flowering Plants
Hedera helix		Flowering Plants
Ligustrum vulgare		Flowering Plants
Acer campestre		Flowering Plants
Prunus spinosa		Flowering Plants
Dactylis glomerata		Flowering Plants
Cornus sanguinea		Flowering Plants
Rubia peregrina		Flowering Plants
Rosa canina		Flowering Plants
Brachypodium sylvaticum		Flowering Plants
Fraxinus ornus		Flowering Plants
Teucrium chamaedrys		Flowering Plants
Sorbus torminalis		Flowering Plants
Viburnum lantana		Flowering Plants
Quercus cerris		Flowering Plants
Juniperus communis subsp. communis		Conifers
Corylus avellana		Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum		Flowering Plants
Fragaria vesca		Flowering Plants

Flowering Plants Quercus pubescens

Flowering Plants Quercus cerris

Flowering Plants Quercus petraea

Flowering Plants Hedera helix

Flowering Plants Ostrya carpinifolia

Flowering Plants Buxus sempervirens

Flowering Plants Brachypodium pinnatum

Flowering Plants Quercus robur

Flowering Plants Carpinus orientalis

Dominant species are those that often reach high cover in the habitat, thus determining the habitat physiognomy.

Species scientific name	English common name	Species group
Quercus pubescens		Flowering Plants
Quercus cerris		Flowering Plants
Quercus petraea		Flowering Plants
Hedera helix		Flowering Plants
Ostrya carpinifolia		Flowering Plants
Buxus sempervirens		Flowering Plants
Brachypodium pinnatum		Flowering Plants
Quercus robur		Flowering Plants
Carpinus orientalis		Flowering Plants

Please note that a maximum of 20 species of each indicator category is shown.

Other classifications

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 2007 (revised descriptions 2012)	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	narrower
European Red List of Habitats	G1.7a	Temperate and submediterranean thermophilous deciduous woodland	same

For relation to plant communities (syntaxa), see Vegetation types

History

Classification	Code	Habitat type name	Relationship type
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811	G1.7	Thermophilous deciduous Quercus woodland	same
EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712	G1.92	Thermophilous and supra-Mediterranean oak woodland	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905	41.7	Thermophilous and supra-Mediterranean oak woods	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997	41.7	Thermophilous and supra-Mediterranean oak woods	same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996	41.7		same
Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993	41.7		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991	41.7		same
CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989	41.7		same

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Temperate and submediterranean thermophilous deciduous forest

Description (English)

Quick facts

Legal status

Relation to other habitat types mentioned in legal instruments

Vegetation types

Relation to vegetation types (syntaxa)

Indicator species

Other classifications

History