EUNIS habitat type hierarchical view (marine version 2022 & terrestrial version 2021)

The EUNIS habitat classification review is on-going. Four groups are pending review: Inland waters, Wetlands, Constructed, industrial and other artificial habitats and Complexes.

• M : Marine benthic habitats (MA-MG)
  
• MH : Pelagic water column
  
• MJ : Ice-associated marine habitats
  
• N : Coastal habitats
  
• Q : Wetlands
  
• R : Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens
  
  • R1 : Dry grasslands
    
    • R11 : Pannonian and Pontic sandy steppe
      
    • R12 : Cryptogam- and annual-dominated vegetation on siliceous rock outcrops
      
    • R13 : Cryptogam- and annual-dominated vegetation on calcareous and ultramafic rock outcrops
      
    • R14 : Perennial rocky grassland of the Italian Peninsula
      
    • R15 : Continental dry rocky steppic grassland and dwarf scrub on chalk outcrops
      
    • R16 : Perennial rocky grassland of Central and South-Eastern Europe
      
    • R17 : Heavy-metal dry grassland of the Balkans
      
    • R18 : Perennial rocky calcareous grassland of subatlantic-submediterranean Europe
      
    • R19 : Dry steppic submediterranean pasture of the Amphi-Adriatic region
      
    • R1A : Semi-dry perennial calcareous grassland (meadow steppe)
      
      • R1A1 : Helleno-Balkanic Satureja montana steppes
        
      • R1A2 : Alvar steppes
        
      • R1A3 : Sub-Atlantic semi-dry calcareous grassland
        
      • R1A4 : Sub-Atlantic very dry calcareous grassland
        
      • R1A5 : Brachypodium phoenicoides swards
        
      • R1A6 : Meadows of the steppe zone
        
    • R1B : Continental dry grassland (true steppe)
      
      • R1B1 : Arid subcontinental steppic grassland (Festucion valesiacae)
        
      • R1B2 : Meso-xerophile subcontinental meadow-steppes (Cirsio-Brachypodion)
        
      • R1B3 : Central alpine arid grassland (Stipo-Poion)
        
      • R1B4 : Central European calcaro-siliceous grassland
        
      • R1B5 : Festuca pallens grassland
        
      • R1B6 : Serpentine steppes
        
      • R1B7 : Pannonic loess steppic grassland
        
      • R1B8 : Ponto-Sarmatic steppes
        
      • R1B9 : Irano-Anatolian steppes
        
      • R1BA : Pannonic sand steppes
        
      • R1BB : Ponto-Sarmatic sand steppes
        
      • R1BC : Irano-Anatolian sand steppes
        
    • R1C : Desert steppe
      
    • R1D : Mediterranean closely grazed dry grassland
      
    • R1E : Mediterranean tall perennial dry grassland
      
      • R1E1 : Retuse torgrass swards
        
      • R1E2 : Crau steppe
        
      • R1E3 : Eastern retuse torgrass swards
        
      • R1E4 : Stipa tenacissima steppes
        
      • R1E5 : Lygeum spartum steppes
        
      • R1E6 : Mediterranean steppes dominated by tall grasses other than Stipa tenacissima or Lygeum spartum
        
      • R1E7 : Cane steppes
        
      • R1E8 : Sub-Mediterranean Artemisia steppes
        
    • R1F : Mediterranean annual-rich dry grassland
      
    • R1G : Iberian oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1H : Iberian oromediterranean basiphilous dry grassland
      
    • R1J : Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1K : Balkan and Anatolian oromediterranean dry grassland
      
    • R1L : Madeiran oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1M : Lowland to montane, dry to mesic grassland usually dominated by Nardus stricta
      
      • R1M1 : Nardus stricta swards
        
      • R1M2 : Agrostis - Festuca grassland
        
      • R1M3 : Deschampsia flexuosa grassland
        
      • R1M4 : Calamagrostis epigejos stands
        
      • R1M5 : Carex arenaria grassland
        
      • R1M6 : Dry sub-continental acid steppic grasslands
        
      • R1M7 : Southern Italian Nardus stricta swards and related communities
        
      • R1M8 : Balkanic montane Nardus stricta swards
        
    • R1N : Open Iberian supramediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland
      
    • R1P : Oceanic to subcontinental inland sand grassland on dry acid and neutral soils
      
    • R1Q : Inland sanddrift and dune with siliceous grassland
      
    • R1R : Mediterranean to Atlantic open, dry, acid and neutral grassland
      
    • R1S : Heavy-metal grassland in Western and Central Europe
      
    • R1T : Azorean open, dry, acid to neutral grassland
      
  • R2 : Mesic grasslands
    
  • R3 : Seasonally wet and wet grasslands
    
  • R4 : Alpine and subalpine grasslands
    
  • R5 : Forest fringes and clearings and tall forb stands
    
  • R6 : Inland salt steppes and salt marshes
    
  • R7 : Sparsely wooded grasslands
    
• S : Heathland, scrub and tundra
  
• T : Forest and other wooded land
  
• U : Inland habitats with no or little soil and mostly with sparse vegetation
  
  • U1 : Terrestrial underground caves, cave systems, passages and waterbodies
    
  • U2 : Screes
    
  • U3 : Inland cliffs, rock pavements and outcrops
    
  • U4 : Snow or ice-dominated habitats
    
  • U5 : Miscellaneous inland habitats usually with very sparse or no vegetation
    
  • U6 : Recent volcanic features
    
• V : Vegetated man-made habitats