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Source: Schaminée, J.H.J., Chytrý, M., Hennekens, S.M., Mucina, L., Rodwell, J.S. & Tichý, L. (2012): Development of vegetation syntaxa crosswalks to EUNIS habitat classification and related data sets
| Name | Definition | Synonyms | EUNIS habitat type | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eragrostio-Polygonion arenastri Couderc et Izco ex Carni et Mucina 1998 | Summer-dry trampled vegetation on sandy soils of Western and Central Europe | Eragrostion minoris Pott 1995; Digitario sanguinalis-Polygonion avicularis de Foucault 2010 | Trampled areas | H5.6 |
| Eragrostion cilianensis-minoris Tx. ex Oberd. 1954 | Thermophilous late-summer weed vegetation on sandy soils of southern Central Europe and Balkan Peninsula | Tribulo-Eragrostion minoris Soó et 1957 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Soó 1980); Eragrostion poaeoides Soó et Timár in Timár 1957; Amaranthion Tx. et Preising 1942 p.p.; Amarantho-Chenopodion albi Morariu 1943; Consolido-Eragrostion minoris Soó et Timár 1953; Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár 1957; Eragrostion minoris Tx. in Slavnic 1944; Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár in Timár 1954; Consolido-Eragrostion minoris Soó et Timár 1957 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Soó 1980); Tribulo-Eragrostion poaeoides Soó et Timár in Timár 1957 | Intensive unmixed crops | I1.1 |
| Eragrostion cilianensis-minoris Tx. ex Oberd. 1954 | Thermophilous late-summer weed vegetation on sandy soils of southern Central Europe and Balkan Peninsula | Tribulo-Eragrostion minoris Soó et 1957 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Soó 1980); Eragrostion poaeoides Soó et Timár in Timár 1957; Amaranthion Tx. et Preising 1942 p.p.; Amarantho-Chenopodion albi Morariu 1943; Consolido-Eragrostion minoris Soó et Timár 1953; Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár 1957; Eragrostion minoris Tx. in Slavnic 1944; Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár in Timár 1954; Consolido-Eragrostion minoris Soó et Timár 1957 nom. mut. propos. (sensu Soó 1980); Tribulo-Eragrostion poaeoides Soó et Timár in Timár 1957 | Arable land with unmixed crops grown by low-intensity agricultural methods | I1.3 |
| Ericion arboreae (Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) Rivas-Mart. 1987 | Mediterranean thermo-mesomediterranean neutro- to acidophilous mesophilous macchia | Dry heaths | F4.2 | |
| Ericion arboreae (Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) Rivas-Mart. 1987 | Mediterranean thermo-mesomediterranean neutro- to acidophilous mesophilous macchia | Maquis | F5.2 | |
| Ericion carneae Rübel ex Grabherr et al. 1993 | Subalpine and alpine dwarf heath and krummholz on rocky calcareous soils, outcrops, lapies (karren) and boulders of Alps, Apennines and Northern Dinarides | Ericion carneae Rübel 1933; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic in B. Jovanovic, R. Jovanovic et Zupancic et al. 1986; Rhododendrion hirsuti Lakušic et al. 1979 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Ericion cinereae Böcher 1940 | Bell-heather heaths of subatlantic to atlantic regions of Western Europe | Ulici-Ericion cinereae Géhu 1973 | Coastal dune heaths | B1.5 |
| Ericion cinereae Böcher 1940 | Bell-heather heaths of subatlantic to atlantic regions of Western Europe | Ulici-Ericion cinereae Géhu 1973 | Dry heaths | F4.2 |
| Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933 | Moist peaty heathlands on gley and podsolic soils within oceanic areas in Western and Central Europe | Calluno-Sphagnion papillosi Tx. in Tx. et al. 1972; Droserion longifoliae Julve 1992; Narthecion ossifragi Vanden Berghen 1958; Scirpion caespitosi Oberd. 1957; Ulici-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Tx. 1937; Erico mackaianae-Sphagnion papillosi (Fernández Prieto et al. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al.1999; Trichophoro-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Duvigneaud 1947 | Valley mires | D2.1 |
| Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933 | Moist peaty heathlands on gley and podsolic soils within oceanic areas in Western and Central Europe | Calluno-Sphagnion papillosi Tx. in Tx. et al. 1972; Droserion longifoliae Julve 1992; Narthecion ossifragi Vanden Berghen 1958; Scirpion caespitosi Oberd. 1957; Ulici-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Tx. 1937; Erico mackaianae-Sphagnion papillosi (Fernández Prieto et al. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al.1999; Trichophoro-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Duvigneaud 1947 | Blanket bogs | D1.2 |
| Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933 | Moist peaty heathlands on gley and podsolic soils within oceanic areas in Western and Central Europe | Calluno-Sphagnion papillosi Tx. in Tx. et al. 1972; Droserion longifoliae Julve 1992; Narthecion ossifragi Vanden Berghen 1958; Scirpion caespitosi Oberd. 1957; Ulici-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Tx. 1937; Erico mackaianae-Sphagnion papillosi (Fernández Prieto et al. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al.1999; Trichophoro-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Duvigneaud 1947 | Wet heaths | F4.1 |
| Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933 | Moist peaty heathlands on gley and podsolic soils within oceanic areas in Western and Central Europe | Calluno-Sphagnion papillosi Tx. in Tx. et al. 1972; Droserion longifoliae Julve 1992; Narthecion ossifragi Vanden Berghen 1958; Scirpion caespitosi Oberd. 1957; Ulici-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Tx. 1937; Erico mackaianae-Sphagnion papillosi (Fernández Prieto et al. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al.1999; Trichophoro-Ericion tetralicis (Schwickerath 1933) Duvigneaud 1947 | Raised bogs | D1.1 |
| Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid north-central and eastern Iberian and Provencasl low silicicolous heath | Cisto salviifoliae-Ericion cineraeae Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Ericion australis Bellot et Casaseca in Bellot 1968; Cistion hirsuti Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Genisto-Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Halimio-Ulicion Rothmaler 1954; Pterospartion Rothmaler 1943 | Coastal dune heaths | B1.5 |
| Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid north-central and eastern Iberian and Provencasl low silicicolous heath | Cisto salviifoliae-Ericion cineraeae Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Ericion australis Bellot et Casaseca in Bellot 1968; Cistion hirsuti Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Genisto-Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Halimio-Ulicion Rothmaler 1954; Pterospartion Rothmaler 1943 | Dry heaths | F4.2 |
| Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid north-central and eastern Iberian and Provencasl low silicicolous heath | Cisto salviifoliae-Ericion cineraeae Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Ericion australis Bellot et Casaseca in Bellot 1968; Cistion hirsuti Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Genisto-Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Halimio-Ulicion Rothmaler 1954; Pterospartion Rothmaler 1943 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid north-central and eastern Iberian and Provencasl low silicicolous heath | Cisto salviifoliae-Ericion cineraeae Géhu in Bardat et al. 2004; Ericion australis Bellot et Casaseca in Bellot 1968; Cistion hirsuti Br.-Bl. et al. 1965; Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Genisto-Ericion aragonensis Rivas-Mart. 1962; Halimio-Ulicion Rothmaler 1954; Pterospartion Rothmaler 1943 | Wet heaths | F4.1 |
| Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on calcareous substrates of Alps, northern Dinarides and Massif Central | Carici-Pinion sylvestris G. Hofmann in Passarge 1968; Cephalanthero rubrae-Pinion sylvestris Vanden Bergen 1963; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1963; Molinio-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli ex Theurillat in Theurillat et Béguin 1985; Epipactido-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968; Piceion omorikae Tomic et Rakonjac 2011; Piceion omorikae Tregubov 1941; Pinion salzmanni Br.-Bl. 1931; Pinion sylvestris (Aichinger 1933) Lakušic 1972; Pinion sylvestris calcicolum Aichinger 1933; Seslerio-Piceion Passarge 1978; Epipactido muelleri-Pinion sylvestris Royer in Royer et al. 2006; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1962 (sensu Passarge 1978: 176); Pino-Ericion carneae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939; Molinio litoralis-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli 1972 | [Pinus nigra] woodland | G3.5 |
| Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on calcareous substrates of Alps, northern Dinarides and Massif Central | Carici-Pinion sylvestris G. Hofmann in Passarge 1968; Cephalanthero rubrae-Pinion sylvestris Vanden Bergen 1963; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1963; Molinio-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli ex Theurillat in Theurillat et Béguin 1985; Epipactido-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968; Piceion omorikae Tomic et Rakonjac 2011; Piceion omorikae Tregubov 1941; Pinion salzmanni Br.-Bl. 1931; Pinion sylvestris (Aichinger 1933) Lakušic 1972; Pinion sylvestris calcicolum Aichinger 1933; Seslerio-Piceion Passarge 1978; Epipactido muelleri-Pinion sylvestris Royer in Royer et al. 2006; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1962 (sensu Passarge 1978: 176); Pino-Ericion carneae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939; Molinio litoralis-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli 1972 | Alpine [Larix] - [Pinus cembra] woodland | G3.2 |
| Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on calcareous substrates of Alps, northern Dinarides and Massif Central | Carici-Pinion sylvestris G. Hofmann in Passarge 1968; Cephalanthero rubrae-Pinion sylvestris Vanden Bergen 1963; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1963; Molinio-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli ex Theurillat in Theurillat et Béguin 1985; Epipactido-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968; Piceion omorikae Tomic et Rakonjac 2011; Piceion omorikae Tregubov 1941; Pinion salzmanni Br.-Bl. 1931; Pinion sylvestris (Aichinger 1933) Lakušic 1972; Pinion sylvestris calcicolum Aichinger 1933; Seslerio-Piceion Passarge 1978; Epipactido muelleri-Pinion sylvestris Royer in Royer et al. 2006; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1962 (sensu Passarge 1978: 176); Pino-Ericion carneae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939; Molinio litoralis-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli 1972 | [Pinus sylvestris] woodland south of the taiga | G3.4 |
| Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on calcareous substrates of Alps, northern Dinarides and Massif Central | Carici-Pinion sylvestris G. Hofmann in Passarge 1968; Cephalanthero rubrae-Pinion sylvestris Vanden Bergen 1963; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1963; Molinio-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli ex Theurillat in Theurillat et Béguin 1985; Epipactido-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968; Piceion omorikae Tomic et Rakonjac 2011; Piceion omorikae Tregubov 1941; Pinion salzmanni Br.-Bl. 1931; Pinion sylvestris (Aichinger 1933) Lakušic 1972; Pinion sylvestris calcicolum Aichinger 1933; Seslerio-Piceion Passarge 1978; Epipactido muelleri-Pinion sylvestris Royer in Royer et al. 2006; Chamaebuxo-Pinion Wendelberger 1962 (sensu Passarge 1978: 176); Pino-Ericion carneae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939; Molinio litoralis-Pinion sylvestris Ellenberg et Klötzli 1972 | [Pinus uncinata] woodland | G3.3 |
| Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2013 | Northern Apenninian broom heath vegetation | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 | |
| Erico-Fraxinion orni Horvat 1959 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on dolomite and ultramafic substrates of Dinarides | Orno-Ericion serpentinicum Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Fraxino orni-Quercion dalechampii (Horvat 1963) Tomic´ 2004; Fraxino orni-Ericion Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Orno-Ericion dolomiticum Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Pinion austriacae Horvat 1959 (sensu Redžic et al. 2011) | [Pinus sylvestris] woodland south of the taiga | G3.4 |
| Erico-Fraxinion orni Horvat 1959 nom. invers. propos. | Relict forests of Pinus sylvestris on dolomite and ultramafic substrates of Dinarides | Orno-Ericion serpentinicum Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Fraxino orni-Quercion dalechampii (Horvat 1963) Tomic´ 2004; Fraxino orni-Ericion Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Orno-Ericion dolomiticum Horvat 1959 (orig. form); Pinion austriacae Horvat 1959 (sensu Redžic et al. 2011) | [Pinus nigra] woodland | G3.5 |
| Erico-Pinion mugo Leibundgut 1948 nom. invers. propos. | Calcareous krummholz of Alps, Carpathians and Balkans | Rhododendro hirsuti-Pinion mugo Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991; Erico-Mugion Passarge 1978 (orig. form); Pinion montanae P. Fukarek et Fabijanic 1968; Pino mugo-Ericion Leibundgut 1948 (orig. form); Pinion montanae mughi Aichinger 1933 p.p. (orig. form) | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 |
| Erico-Quercion ilicis S. Brullo et al. 1977 | Evergreen and semideciduous acidophilous kermes oak forests of Central Mediterranean | Mediterranean evergreen [Quercus] woodland | G2.1 | |
| Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge 1968 | Eurasian spruce woodlands and related scrub communities of tussock-grass rich oligotrophic mires | Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Boreal bog conifer woodland | G3.D |
| Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge 1968 | Eurasian spruce woodlands and related scrub communities of tussock-grass rich oligotrophic mires | Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Nemoral bog conifer woodland | G3.E |
| Eriophoro-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968 | Eurasian pine woodlands and related scrub communities of tussock-grass oligotrophic mires | Eriophoro-Pinion sylvestris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Boreal bog conifer woodland | G3.D |
| Eriophoro-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968 | Eurasian pine woodlands and related scrub communities of tussock-grass oligotrophic mires | Eriophoro-Pinion sylvestris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 | Nemoral bog conifer woodland | G3.E |
| Eryngio campestris-Paliurion spinae-christi (Jovanovic 1985) Matevski et al. 2008 | Submediterranean šibljak of south-central Balkan Peninsula | Paliurion moesiacum B. Jovanovic 1985; Asparago verticillati-Paliurion Sanda et Popescu 1999 | Pseudomaquis | F5.3 |
| Eryngio campestris-Paliurion spinae-christi (Jovanovic 1985) Matevski et al. 2008 | Submediterranean šibljak of south-central Balkan Peninsula | Paliurion moesiacum B. Jovanovic 1985; Asparago verticillati-Paliurion Sanda et Popescu 1999 | Submediterranean deciduous thickets and brushes | F3.2 |
| Eryngio multifidi-Bromion fibrosi Quézel 1964 | Oromediterranean xeric ophiolithic grasslands and tragacanthic vegetation of mainland of Hellas | Hedgehog-heaths | F7.4 | |
| Eryngio trifidi-Ulicion erinacei Rothmaler 1943 | Thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous scrub of humid and perhumid regions of southern Portugal and southwestern Spain | Coridothymo-Genistion umbellatae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Micromerio micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday 1964; Saturejo micranthae-Thymbrion capitatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 nom. mut. propos.; Saturejo micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Western garrigues | F6.1 |
| Eryngio trifidi-Ulicion erinacei Rothmaler 1943 | Thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous scrub of humid and perhumid regions of southern Portugal and southwestern Spain | Coridothymo-Genistion umbellatae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Micromerio micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday 1964; Saturejo micranthae-Thymbrion capitatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 nom. mut. propos.; Saturejo micranthae-Coridothymion capitati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Erysimo repandi-Lycopsion orientalis Solomakha 1996 | Weed communities of arable crops on kastanozem and chernozem soils of steppe zone of Ukraine | Intensive unmixed crops | I1.1 | |
| Erysimo repandi-Lycopsion orientalis Solomakha 1996 | Weed communities of arable crops on kastanozem and chernozem soils of steppe zone of Ukraine | Arable land with unmixed crops grown by low-intensity agricultural methods | I1.3 | |
| Erysimo wittmannii-Hackelion Bernátová 1986 | Therophyte-rich zoogenic vegetation of mammal lairs under stone overhangs in mountains of nemoral zone of Europe | Asperugion procumbentis Rübel 1933 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Erythronio-Carpinion (Horvat 1958) Marincek in Wallnöfer et al. 1993 | Thermophilous Illyrian and northern Italian oak-hornbeam woods | Carpinion illyrico-moesiacum Horvat 1958; Carpinion illyrico-podolicum Horvat 1956; Carpinion illyricum Horvat 1958; Primulo-Fagion Borhidi 1963; Quercion petraeae Lakušic et al. 1979; Carpinion podolico-illyricum Horvat 1956 nom. invers. propos. | Meso- and eutrophic [Quercus], [Carpinus], [Fraxinus], [Acer], [Tilia], [Ulmus] and related woodland | G1.A |
| Erythronio-Quercion petraeae Ubaldi et al. 1988 | Chestnut and oak woods on neutral and acidic flysch and volcanic substrates of northern Italy | Acidophilous [Quercus]-dominated woodland | G1.8 | |
| Erythronio-Quercion petraeae Ubaldi et al. 1988 | Chestnut and oak woods on neutral and acidic flysch and volcanic substrates of northern Italy | Thermophilous deciduous woodland | G1.7 | |
| Euphobio paraliae-Lotion glauci Jardim et al. 2003 | Dwarf scrub on stabilised coastal hinddunes of Madeira and Porto Santo | Euphobio paraliae-Lotion glauci Jardim et al. 2003 corr. Jardim et al. 2012 | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 |
| Euphorbio azoricae-Festucion petraeae Lüpnitz 1976 | Vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of Azores | Festucion petraeae Sjögren 1973 | Rock cliffs, ledges and shores, with angiosperms | B3.3 |
| Euphorbio cretophilae-Thymion cretacei Didukh 1989 | Dry rocky steppic grasslands and dwarf scrub on chalk outcrops of southern regions of of Siverskii Donets river basin | Inland sand and rock with open vegetation | E1.1 | |
| Euphorbio cyparissiae-Robinion Vítková in Kolbek et al. 2003 | Robinia groves and scrub in dry and warm habitats with shallow soils of Central Europe | Small broadleaved deciduous anthropogenic woodlands | G5.2 | |
| Euphorbio cyparissiae-Robinion Vítková in Kolbek et al. 2003 | Robinia groves and scrub in dry and warm habitats with shallow soils of Central Europe | Highly artificial broadleaved deciduous forestry plantations | G1.C | |
| Euphorbio portlandicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Géhu et Tx. ex Sissingh 1974 | Sandy grasslands on base-rich stabilised dunes of francoatlantic section of Atlantic Ocean shores | Euphorbio portlandicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Géhu et Tx. 1972 | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 |
| Euphorbio taurinensis-Geranion lucidi Matevski et Carni in Mucina et al. 2009 | Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of submediterranean regions of Balkan Peninsula | Euphorbio taurinensis-Geranion lucidi Carni 2001 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Euphorbion melliferae Capelo et al. 2003 | Macaronesian caulirosette scrub of forests clearings in laurisilva zone | Canary Island heath woodland | G2.7 | |
| Euphorbion palustris Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995 | Sub-saline periodically flooded meadows of steppe zone of Ural River valley | Moist or wet tall-herb and fern fringes and meadows | E5.4 | |
| Euphorbion palustris Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995 | Sub-saline periodically flooded meadows of steppe zone of Ural River valley | Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland | E3.4 | |
| Euphorbion peplidis Tx. ex Oberd. 1952 | Halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of Cantabro-Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts | Cakilion aegyptiacae Rivas-Mart. et Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980; Cakilion litoralis Pignatti 1953; Cakilion maritimae Pignatti 1953; Euphorbion peplidis Tx. 1950; Glaucio-Cakilion maritimae O. de Bolòs 1962; Salsolo-Polygonion maritimi Pignatti 1952; Salsolo-Polygonion maritimi Pignatti 1953; Thero-Atriplicion Pignatti 1952; Thero-Atriplicion Pignatti 1953 | Sand beach driftlines | B1.1 |
| Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994 | Thermomediterranean sub-halophIlous chamaephytic garrigue on coastal cliffs of Corsica and Sardinia | Helichrysion italici Paradis et Piazza 1995; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi 1984 | Rock cliffs, ledges and shores, with angiosperms | B3.3 |
| Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994 | Thermomediterranean sub-halophIlous chamaephytic garrigue on coastal cliffs of Corsica and Sardinia | Helichrysion italici Paradis et Piazza 1995; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi 1984 | Western garrigues | F6.1 |
| Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994 | Thermomediterranean sub-halophIlous chamaephytic garrigue on coastal cliffs of Corsica and Sardinia | Helichrysion italici Paradis et Piazza 1995; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994; Loto cytisoidis-Helichrysion italici Géhu et Biondi 1984 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Euphorbion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 | Xerophilous vegetation of trampled sandy soils of Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Macaronesia | Chamaesycion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 nom. mut.; Eleusinion indicae sensu O. de Bolòs 1988, non Léonard 1954 | Trampled areas | H5.6 |
| Euphorbion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 | Xerophilous vegetation of trampled sandy soils of Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Macaronesia | Chamaesycion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 nom. mut.; Eleusinion indicae sensu O. de Bolòs 1988, non Léonard 1954 | Trampled xeric grasslands with annuals | E1.E |
| Euphorbion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 | Xerophilous vegetation of trampled sandy soils of Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Macaronesia | Chamaesycion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976 nom. mut.; Eleusinion indicae sensu O. de Bolòs 1988, non Léonard 1954 | Mixed crops of market gardens and horticulture | I1.2 |
| Euphorbion regijsjubo-lamarckii Rivas-Mart., Wildpret, O. Rodríguez et Del Arco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 | Macaronesian seral succulent tabaibal amargos y baleras permanentes o seriales de derrubios, eriales o ramblas | Canary Island xerophytic scrub | F8.1 | |
| Euphorbion rigidae S. Brullo et Spampinato 1990 | Siculo-Calabrian low-altitude pioneer communities on riverine gravel banks | Artemision variabilis Biondi et al. 1994 | Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments | C3.6 |
| Euphorbion seguieranae Golub 1994 | Caspian desert vegetation on stabilized sandy dunes | Artemision tschernievianae Golub et Savchenko 1986; Euphorbion seguieranae Golub 1987 | Xero-halophile scrubs | F6.8 |
| Evaco asterisciflorae-Linarion humilis Minissale et Sciandrello 2013 nom. inval. | Thermomediterranean ephemeral communities on fossil dunes of southern Sicilia | Open Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.A | |
| Fagion moesiacae Blecic et Lakušic 1970 | Refugial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of eastern Dinarides and Rodopi | Doronico orientalis-Fagion moesiacae (Raus ex Bergmeier 1990 ) Dierschke 2004; Doronico orientalis-Fagion moesiacae Dierschke 1998; Fagion hellenicum Horvat et al. 1974; Fagion moesiacae Dafis 1973; Fagion moesiacae Horvat et al. 1974; Fagion moesiacae To¨ro¨k, Podani et Borhidi 1989; Fagion moesiacae subalpinum B. Jovanovic 1976; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Fagion orientalis Borza et Boscaiu 1965; Doronico columnae-Fagion moesiacae (Dzwonko et al. 1999) Dierschke 2004; Seslerio autumnalis-Fagion moesiacae (Blecic et Lakušic 1970) Redžic et Barudanovic 2010 | [Fagus] woodland | G1.6 |
| Fagion moesiacae Blecic et Lakušic 1970 | Refugial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of eastern Dinarides and Rodopi | Doronico orientalis-Fagion moesiacae (Raus ex Bergmeier 1990 ) Dierschke 2004; Doronico orientalis-Fagion moesiacae Dierschke 1998; Fagion hellenicum Horvat et al. 1974; Fagion moesiacae Dafis 1973; Fagion moesiacae Horvat et al. 1974; Fagion moesiacae To¨ro¨k, Podani et Borhidi 1989; Fagion moesiacae subalpinum B. Jovanovic 1976; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Fagion orientalis Borza et Boscaiu 1965; Doronico columnae-Fagion moesiacae (Dzwonko et al. 1999) Dierschke 2004; Seslerio autumnalis-Fagion moesiacae (Blecic et Lakušic 1970) Redžic et Barudanovic 2010 | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Fagion orientalis Soó 1964 | Mesic oriental beech forests on basic soils of southeastern Balkan Peninsula, Crimea, northern Anatolia and Colchis region | Rhododendro pontici-Fagion orientalis Horvat et al. 1974; Rhododendro pontici-Fagion orientalis Horvat et al. ex Passarge 1981; Carpino-Fagion orientalis Kavgaci et al. 2012; Carpino-Fagion orientalis Zohary 1973; Dentario quinquefoliae-Fagion Didukh 1996; Fagion orientalis Korzhenevsky 1962; Fagion orientalis Korzhenevsky et Kyselev 1982; Fagion orientalis Quézel et al. 1980; Fagion orientalis colchicum Zohary 1973; Fagion orientalis euxinum Zohary 1973; Fagion tauricum Borhidi in Soó 1964; Lauroceraso-Fagion Horvat et al. 1974; Querco-Fagion orientalis Zohary 1973; Fagion orientalis Quézel, Barbero et Akman ex Quézel et al. 1992; Violo odoratae-Fagion orientalis Kavgaci et al. 2012 | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Fagion orientalis Soó 1964 | Mesic oriental beech forests on basic soils of southeastern Balkan Peninsula, Crimea, northern Anatolia and Colchis region | Rhododendro pontici-Fagion orientalis Horvat et al. 1974; Rhododendro pontici-Fagion orientalis Horvat et al. ex Passarge 1981; Carpino-Fagion orientalis Kavgaci et al. 2012; Carpino-Fagion orientalis Zohary 1973; Dentario quinquefoliae-Fagion Didukh 1996; Fagion orientalis Korzhenevsky 1962; Fagion orientalis Korzhenevsky et Kyselev 1982; Fagion orientalis Quézel et al. 1980; Fagion orientalis colchicum Zohary 1973; Fagion orientalis euxinum Zohary 1973; Fagion tauricum Borhidi in Soó 1964; Lauroceraso-Fagion Horvat et al. 1974; Querco-Fagion orientalis Zohary 1973; Fagion orientalis Quézel, Barbero et Akman ex Quézel et al. 1992; Violo odoratae-Fagion orientalis Kavgaci et al. 2012 | [Fagus] woodland | G1.6 |
| Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of western Central and northern Europe | Fraxino excelsioris-Fagion sylvaticae Hofmann et Passarge 1963; Abieti albae-Fagion sylvaticae Gillet 1986; Antherico-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp 1942; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Asperulo-Fagion Tx. 1955; Dentario-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Asperulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Fagion Klika in Klika et Novák 1941; Eu-Fagion medioeuropaeum Soó 1960; Eu-Fraxino-Fagion sylvaticae Passrage 1968; Fagion medio-europaeum Soó 1962; Galio-Fagion sylvaticae Moor 1978; Impatienti-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Petasito-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Rumici arifolii-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Galio odorati-Fagion Knapp ex Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos. | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of western Central and northern Europe | Fraxino excelsioris-Fagion sylvaticae Hofmann et Passarge 1963; Abieti albae-Fagion sylvaticae Gillet 1986; Antherico-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp 1942; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Asperulo-Fagion Tx. 1955; Dentario-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Asperulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Fagion Klika in Klika et Novák 1941; Eu-Fagion medioeuropaeum Soó 1960; Eu-Fraxino-Fagion sylvaticae Passrage 1968; Fagion medio-europaeum Soó 1962; Galio-Fagion sylvaticae Moor 1978; Impatienti-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Petasito-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Rumici arifolii-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Galio odorati-Fagion Knapp ex Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos. | [Fagus] woodland | G1.6 |
| Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of western Central and northern Europe | Fraxino excelsioris-Fagion sylvaticae Hofmann et Passarge 1963; Abieti albae-Fagion sylvaticae Gillet 1986; Antherico-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp 1942; Asperulo-Fagion Knapp in Tx. et Oberd. 1958; Asperulo-Fagion Tx. 1955; Dentario-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Asperulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Fagion Klika in Klika et Novák 1941; Eu-Fagion medioeuropaeum Soó 1960; Eu-Fraxino-Fagion sylvaticae Passrage 1968; Fagion medio-europaeum Soó 1962; Galio-Fagion sylvaticae Moor 1978; Impatienti-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Petasito-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Rumici arifolii-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Galio odorati-Fagion Knapp ex Tx. et Oberd. 1958 nom. mut. propos. | [Ilex aquifolium] woods | G2.6 |
| Fedio-Convolvulion cupaniani S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986 | Weed vegetation of vineyards, abandoned fields and roadsides in themo-mesomediterranean belts of Sicily | Cerintho majoris-Convolvulion cupaniani (S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986) de Foucault 2012 | Arable land with unmixed crops grown by low-intensity agricultural methods | I1.3 |
| Fedio-Convolvulion cupaniani S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986 | Weed vegetation of vineyards, abandoned fields and roadsides in themo-mesomediterranean belts of Sicily | Cerintho majoris-Convolvulion cupaniani (S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986) de Foucault 2012 | Bare tilled, fallow or recently abandoned arable land | I1.5 |
| Fedio-Convolvulion cupaniani S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986 | Weed vegetation of vineyards, abandoned fields and roadsides in themo-mesomediterranean belts of Sicily | Cerintho majoris-Convolvulion cupaniani (S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986) de Foucault 2012 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Festucion beckeri Vicherek 1972 | Pontic continental sandy steppes | Trifolio arvensis-Sedion Shevchyk et Polishko 2000 | Inland sand and rock with open vegetation | E1.1 |
| Festucion burnatii Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Mayor et al. 1973 | Cantabrian supra-orotemperate grasslands on calcareous lithosols | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 | |
| Festucion burnatii Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Mayor et al. 1973 | Cantabrian supra-orotemperate grasslands on calcareous lithosols | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 | |
| Festucion dimorphae Bonin 1978 | Vegetation of lower montane-subalpine calcareous screes of Central and Southern Apennines | Festucion dimorphae Barbero et Bonin 1969; Festucion dimorphae Lakušic 1968; Festucion dimorphae Lakušic 1969; Linario-Festucion dimorphae Avena et Bruno 1975; Linario purpureae-Festucion dimorphae Avena & Bruno ex Feoli-Chiapella 1983 | Temperate-montane calcareous and ultra-basic screes | H2.4 |
| Festucion duriotaganae Capelo et al. 1998 | Meso-thermomediterranean silicicous grasslands on gravelly river-beds of western Iberian rivers | Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments | C3.6 | |
| Festucion eskiae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Subalpine chionophilous tussock grasslands on decalcified oligotrophic substrates of Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains | Festucion spadiceae Nègre 1969; Campanulo herminii-Festucion eskiae de Foucault 1994 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion francoi Lüpnitz 1976 corr. F. Prieto, Aguiar, J.C. Costa, Lousã et Rivas-Mart. in F. Prieto et al. 2012 | Meso-orotemperate Azorean seral non-grazed perennial grasslands of rocky denuded soils | Festucion jubatae Lüpnitz 1976 | Open Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.A |
| Festucion frigidae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Relictual oromediterranean oligo-mesotrophic mires of Sierra Nevada (Iberian Peninsula) | Caricion intricatae Quézel 1953 | Poor fens and soft-water spring mires | D2.2 |
| Festucion macratherae Avena et Bruno 1975 corr. Petriccione et Persia 1995 | Tussock oligotrophic grasslands on decalcified deep soils at high altitudes of Central Apennines | Caricion kitaibelianae Migliaccio 1970; Festucion violaceae Avena et Bruno 1975 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion maritimae Christiansen 1927 | Vegetation of grass-rich saline swards at low tidal mark of European Atlantic coasts | Puccinellio maritimae-Halimionion portulacoidis Géhu et Biondi 1995; Puccinellion maritimae Christiansen 1927 nom. mut. propos.; Eco-Festucion maritimae Chapman 1959; Eco-Puccinellion Chapman 1959 p.p.; Glauco-Caricion dilutae Golub et Solomakha 1988; Halimionion Chapman 1959; Puccinellion maritimae Tx. 1937; Puccinellion retroflexae Iversen 1936; Puccinellio maritimae-Salicornion herbaceae Br.-Bl. et De Leeuw 1936; Puccinellio maritimae-Halimionion portulacoidis Géhu 1994 | Coastal saltmarshes and saline reedbeds | A2.5 |
| Festucion merinoi Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 corr. Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Western Iberian-Cantabrian supramediterranean subhumid-humid acidophilous pastures on humic brown soils | Festucion elegantis Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 | Closed Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.8 |
| Festucion merinoi Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 corr. Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Western Iberian-Cantabrian supramediterranean subhumid-humid acidophilous pastures on humic brown soils | Festucion elegantis Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 | Mediterranean xeric grassland | E1.3 |
| Festucion merinoi Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 corr. Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Western Iberian-Cantabrian supramediterranean subhumid-humid acidophilous pastures on humic brown soils | Festucion elegantis Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 | Iberian summer pastures (vallicares) | E2.4 |
| Festucion picturatae Krajina 1933 corr. Dúbravcová 2007 | Snow-bed tall grasslands of stabilised silicolous scree gullies irrigated by melt waters of alpine belt of Alps and Carpathians | Festucion pictae Krajina 1933 | Vegetated snow-patch | E4.1 |
| Festucion pseudovinae Soó 1933 | Pontic-Pannonian steppic saline pastures on solonetz | Artemision maritimi Chapman 1959 p.p.; Coeno-Artemision Chapman 1959; Festucion pseudovinae Borza et Boscaiu 1965; Inulo-Festucion pseudovinae Vicherek 1973; Puccinellio-Staticion gmelinii Topa 1939; Statici-Artemision Topa 1939; Staticion gmelinii Chapman 1959 | Continental inland salt steppes | E6.2 |
| Festucion pungentis Horvat 1930 | Subalpine calcareous tussock grasslands on steep terraced slopes of Northern Dinarides | Festucion bosniacae Horvat 1930 nom. mut. propos. | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Festucion scariosae Martínez-Parras et al. 1984 | Betic upper meso-supramediterranean semiarid pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils | Mediterranean xeric grassland | E1.3 | |
| Festucion scariosae Martínez-Parras et al. 1984 | Betic upper meso-supramediterranean semiarid pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils | Mediterranean tall-grass and [Artemisia] steppes | E1.4 | |
| Festucion scopariae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Upper supratemperate and lower orotemperate calcareous dry pastures of Central and Eastern Pyrenees | Saponarion caespitosae P. Montserrat et Villar 1987; Festucion gautieri Br.-Bl. 1948 nom. mut. propos. | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Festucion scopariae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Upper supratemperate and lower orotemperate calcareous dry pastures of Central and Eastern Pyrenees | Saponarion caespitosae P. Montserrat et Villar 1987; Festucion gautieri Br.-Bl. 1948 nom. mut. propos. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Festucion sulcatae Soó 1930 | Subcontinental fescue steppic grasslands of Central Europe, Dobrogea and Ukraine | Astragalo-Stipion Knapp 1944; Caricion humilis-albae Gams 1936; Festuco-Stipion capillatae (Klika 1931) Krausch 1962; Eu-Festucion valesiacae Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1943; Festucion rupicolae Soó 1940 nom. mut. propos.; Festucion valesiacae Klika 1931; Festucion valesiacae-sulcatae Eggler 1952; Festuco-Stipion capillatae Krausch 1959; Verbasco austriaci-Achilleion nobilis Smetana et Derbolyuk 1999 | Perennial calcareous grassland and basic steppes | E1.2 |
| Festucion supinae Br.-Bl. 1948 | Alpine chionophobous tussock grasslands of cryoturbated soils ofnsiliceous substrates of Pyrenees | Festucion airoidis Br.-Bl. 1948 nom. mut. propos.; Festucion alpinae Borza 1958 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion vaginatae Soó 1929 | Pannonian fescue sandy steppes | Festucion vaginatae basiphilum et neutrophilum Šmarda 1953; Eu-Festucion vaginatae Soó 1980; Festucion vaginatae Soó 1938; Festucion vaginatae Soó 1968; Festucion vaginatae Soó von Bere 1940 | Inland sand and rock with open vegetation | E1.1 |
| Festucion variae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet 1938 | Tussock grasslands on decalcified soils of high altitudes of Alps and Pyrenees | Hyperico richeri-Festucion spadiceae (Br.-Bl. 1972) de Foucault 2012; Festucion spadiceae Br.-Bl. 1972; Festucion variae Br.-Bl. 1925 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1934 | Tussock grasslands on mylonites in alpine belt of Carpathians | Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933 | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1934 | Tussock grasslands on mylonites in alpine belt of Carpathians | Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion woronowii Tsepkova 1987 | Alpine acidophilous species-rich grasslands of Caucasus | Anemonion speciosae Minaeva 1987; Violo altaicae–Festucion variae Onipchenko 2002; Hedysaro caucasicae–Geranion gymnocauli Onipchenko 2002 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion xanthinae Lakušic et al. 1969 | Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of southwestern Dinarides | Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic 1968; Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic et al. in Lakušic 1969 | Acid alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.3 |
| Festucion xanthinae Lakušic et al. 1969 | Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of southwestern Dinarides | Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic 1968; Festucion pseudoxanthinae Lakušic et al. in Lakušic 1969 | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
