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Source: Schaminée, J.H.J., Chytrý, M., Hennekens, S.M., Mucina, L., Rodwell, J.S. & Tichý, L. (2012): Development of vegetation syntaxa crosswalks to EUNIS habitat classification and related data sets
| Name | Definition | Synonyms | EUNIS habitat type | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lavandulo angustifoliae-Genistion cinereae Barbero et al. 1972 | Supramediterranean garrigue of southern France | Supra-Mediterranean garrigues | F6.6 | |
| Lavandulo latifoliae-Genistion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Betic meso-supramediterranean open calcicolous tomillar and matorral | Lavandulo latifoliae-Echinospartion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 nom. mut. propos. | Western garrigues | F6.1 |
| Lavandulo latifoliae-Genistion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 | Betic meso-supramediterranean open calcicolous tomillar and matorral | Lavandulo latifoliae-Echinospartion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969 nom. mut. propos. | Supra-Mediterranean garrigues | F6.6 |
| Lemnion minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955 | Vegetation of free-floating duckweed communities of still and relatively nutrient-rich freshwaters in warmer parts of Europe | Azollo-Salvinion Passarge 1964; Azollo-Salvinion Passarge 1978; Lemnion gibbae Oberd. 1956; Lemnion gibbae Tx. et Schwabe in Tx. 1974; Lemnion minoris Tx. 1955; Lemnion trisulcae Den Hartog et Segal 1964; Lemno-Riccion Passarge 1977; Lemno-Salvinion natantis Slavnic 1956; Riccio-Lemnion trisulcae Schwabe-Braun in Tx. 1981; Riccio-Lemnion trisulcae (Den Hartog et Segal 1964) Tx. et Schwabe-Braun in Tx. 1974 | Permanent mesotrophic lakes, ponds and pools | C1.2 |
| Lemnion minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955 | Vegetation of free-floating duckweed communities of still and relatively nutrient-rich freshwaters in warmer parts of Europe | Azollo-Salvinion Passarge 1964; Azollo-Salvinion Passarge 1978; Lemnion gibbae Oberd. 1956; Lemnion gibbae Tx. et Schwabe in Tx. 1974; Lemnion minoris Tx. 1955; Lemnion trisulcae Den Hartog et Segal 1964; Lemno-Riccion Passarge 1977; Lemno-Salvinion natantis Slavnic 1956; Riccio-Lemnion trisulcae Schwabe-Braun in Tx. 1981; Riccio-Lemnion trisulcae (Den Hartog et Segal 1964) Tx. et Schwabe-Braun in Tx. 1974 | Permanent eutrophic lakes, ponds and pools | C1.3 |
| Leontodono tuberosi-Bellion sylvestris Biondi et al. 2001 | Thermo-mesomediterranean secondary pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils of Central and Eastern Mediterranean | Mediterranean tall-grass and [Artemisia] steppes | E1.4 | |
| Leontodono tuberosi-Bellion sylvestris Biondi et al. 2001 | Thermo-mesomediterranean secondary pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils of Central and Eastern Mediterranean | Mediterranean xeric grassland | E1.3 | |
| Leontodontion hyoseroidis Duvigneaud et al. 1970 | Vegetation of low-altitude fine calcareous screes of eastern France | Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures | H2.6 | |
| Lepidion latifolii Golub et Mirkin 1986 | Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation of periodically flooded saline habitats in continental Eastern Europe | Polygono salsuginei-Crypsion aculeatae Korzhenevsky et Klyukin 1990 | Continental inland salt steppes | E6.2 |
| Lepidion latifolii Golub et Mirkin 1986 | Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation of periodically flooded saline habitats in continental Eastern Europe | Polygono salsuginei-Crypsion aculeatae Korzhenevsky et Klyukin 1990 | Periodically inundated shores with pioneer and ephemeral vegetation | C3.5 |
| Lepidion subulati Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957 | Central-Iberian and Almerian thermo-supramediterranean gypsicolous tomillar and matorral | Gypsophilion Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958; Gypsophilion hispanicae Rivas Goday et al. 1957; Lepidion subulati Bellot 1952; Gypsophilo-Santolinion viscosae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1968 | Mediterranean gypsum scrubs | F6.7 |
| Lepidion subulati Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957 | Central-Iberian and Almerian thermo-supramediterranean gypsicolous tomillar and matorral | Gypsophilion Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958; Gypsophilion hispanicae Rivas Goday et al. 1957; Lepidion subulati Bellot 1952; Gypsophilo-Santolinion viscosae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1968 | Western garrigues | F6.1 |
| Libanotido intermediae-Pinion sylvestris Didukh 2003 | Relict pine forests on Cretaceous marls on steep slopes of river valleys of southeastern Ukraine | [Pinus sylvestris] woodland south of the taiga | G3.4 | |
| Ligustro vulgaris-Betulion pubescentis Ge´hu 2006 | Coastal birch forests of Atlantic seaboards of North Sea and of western France | Populo tremulae-Carpinion betuli Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Betulion pubescentis Géhu 2006 | Non-riverine woodland with [Betula], [Populus tremula] or [Sorbus aucuparia] | G1.9 |
| Ligustro vulgaris-Betulion pubescentis Ge´hu 2006 | Coastal birch forests of Atlantic seaboards of North Sea and of western France | Populo tremulae-Carpinion betuli Julve 1993; Lonicero periclymeni-Betulion pubescentis Géhu 2006 | Coastal dune woods | B1.7 |
| Ligustro-Hippophaeion Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1983 | Elder, privet and sea buckthorn tall scrub on dunes in Atlantic region of Western Europe | Oenothero-Hippophaeion maritimi Doing 1962 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Ligustro-Hippophaeion Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1983 | Elder, privet and sea buckthorn tall scrub on dunes in Atlantic region of Western Europe | Oenothero-Hippophaeion maritimi Doing 1962 | Coastal dune scrub | B1.6 |
| Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1952 | Saline scrub of supratidal non-inundated sandy habitats of western North Africa and Western and Central Mediterranean | Frankenion thymifoliae Barbagallo et al. 1990; Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1953; Limonion ferulacei (Pignatti 1952) Beeftink 1968 | Coastal saltmarshes and saline reedbeds | A2.5 |
| Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1952 | Saline scrub of supratidal non-inundated sandy habitats of western North Africa and Western and Central Mediterranean | Frankenion thymifoliae Barbagallo et al. 1990; Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1953; Limonion ferulacei (Pignatti 1952) Beeftink 1968 | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 |
| Limonion algarvensi-lanceolati Costa et al. 2012 | Thermomediterranean Lusitanian- Andalusian upper tidal marsh saline vegetation dominated by rosulate and prostrate chamaephytes | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 | |
| Limonion anfracti-cancellati (Horvatic 1934) Mucina nom. nov. hoc loco | Rupicolous herb-rich vegetation of coastal salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of Adriatic coasts | Staticion dalmaticum Horvatic 1934; Limonion dalmaticum Horvatic 1934 nom. mut. propos. | Rock cliffs, ledges and shores, with angiosperms | B3.3 |
| Limonion catalaunico-viciosoi Rivas-Mart. et Costa 1984 | Mesomediterranean saline vegetation of edges of inland salt-pans of Ebro River Basin | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 | |
| Limonion confusi (Br.-Bl. 1933) Rivas-Mart. et Costa 1984 | Thermomediterranean saline dwarf sea-lavender scrub of seaboards of Provence | Eu-Staticion Rothmaler 1943; Limonion virgati (Br.-Bl. 1933) Julve 1993; Staticion galloprovincialis Br.-Bl. 1931; Staticion galloprovincialis Br.-Bl. 1933; Limonion galloprovincialis Br.-Bl. 1933 nom. mut. propos. | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 |
| Limonion etrusci Viciani et al. 2012 | Tuscan saline swards of temporary damp dune-slacks | Moist and wet dune slacks | B1.8 | |
| Limonion sareptani Golub 1994 | Saline vegetation of limans in semi-desert zone along lower Volga valley | Continental inland salt steppes | E6.2 | |
| Limonion tomentelli Agafonov et Golub in Golub 1994 | Saline vegetation of shallow saline depressions of forest-steppe and steppe zones in Don River Basin | Limonio tomentelli-Artemision santonicae Agafonov et Golub in Golub 1995; Limonion tomentelli Agafonov et Golub 1990 | Continental inland salt steppes | E6.2 |
| Linario polygalifoliae-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 | Submediterranean Cantabrian-Atlantic and thermomediterranean south Iberian-Tingitan annual grasslands on disturbed coastal sand dunes | Vulpion alopecuroidis Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977; Scrophulario frutescentis-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 nom. dubium propos.; Linario viscosae-Vulpion alopecuri Rivas-Mart. et Izco ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 | Subnitrophilous annual grassland | E1.6 |
| Linario polygalifoliae-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 | Submediterranean Cantabrian-Atlantic and thermomediterranean south Iberian-Tingitan annual grasslands on disturbed coastal sand dunes | Vulpion alopecuroidis Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977; Scrophulario frutescentis-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972 nom. dubium propos.; Linario viscosae-Vulpion alopecuri Rivas-Mart. et Izco ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Linario saxatilis-Senecionion carpetani Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Vegetation of siliceous screes and moraines of mountains of central and northern Iberian Peninsula | Phalacrocarpion Rothmaler 1954 | Acid siliceous screes of warm exposures | H2.5 |
| Linarion caprariae Foggi et al. 2006 | Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous crevices of Tuscan Archipelago | Acid siliceous inland cliffs | H3.1 | |
| Linarion niveae Rivas-Mart. 1964 | Tall-herb perennial subspontaneus vegetation on acidIc soils of forest margins and clearings of submediterranean regions of Iberian Peninsula | Recently felled areas | G5.8 | |
| Linarion pedunculatae Díez Garretas et al. in Díez Garretas 1984 | Ephemeral therophyte coastal dune vegetation of southern Iberia, southwestern Portugal and western Maghreb | Linarion pedunculatae Díez Garretas et al. in Díez Garretas 1978 | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 |
| Linarion purpureae S. Brullo 1984 | Montane scree vegetation of Sicily and southern Apenninian Peninsula | Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures | H2.6 | |
| Linarion triornithophorae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984 | Vegetation of acidophilous forest fringe of perennial communities of supra-temperate and meso-supramediterranean belts of northern Iberian Peninsula | Thermophile woodland fringes | E5.2 | |
| Linion Rothmaler 1944 | European weed communities of flax fields | Lolio remoti-Linion J.Tx. 1966; Lolio remoti-Linion Tx. 1955 | Arable land with unmixed crops grown by low-intensity agricultural methods | I1.3 |
| Lino biennis-Gaudinion fragilis (Br.-Bl. 1967) de Foucault 1989 | Pastures on well-drained mineral-rich soils of supra-mediterranean and atlantic regions of Europe | Gaudinio fragilis-Cynosurion cristati (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963) Géhu 2006 | Permanent mesotrophic pastures and aftermath-grazed meadows | E2.1 |
| Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Klika 1935 | Vegetation of amphibious plants in fluctuating shallow oligothrophic and mesotrophic waters of temperate and boreal Europe | Apio-Pilularion globuliferae Schoof van Pelt 1973; Elatini-Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1966; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1967; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch ex Dierßen 1975; Eu-Littorellion uniflorae (Koch 1926) Pietsch 1977; Littorellion Sauer 1937; Littorellion uniflorae Koch 1926; Littorellion uniflorae Malcuit 1929 | Permanent oligotrophic lakes, ponds and pools | C1.1 |
| Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Klika 1935 | Vegetation of amphibious plants in fluctuating shallow oligothrophic and mesotrophic waters of temperate and boreal Europe | Apio-Pilularion globuliferae Schoof van Pelt 1973; Elatini-Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1966; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1967; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch ex Dierßen 1975; Eu-Littorellion uniflorae (Koch 1926) Pietsch 1977; Littorellion Sauer 1937; Littorellion uniflorae Koch 1926; Littorellion uniflorae Malcuit 1929 | Species-poor beds of low-growing water-fringing or amphibious vegetation | C3.4 |
| Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Klika 1935 | Vegetation of amphibious plants in fluctuating shallow oligothrophic and mesotrophic waters of temperate and boreal Europe | Apio-Pilularion globuliferae Schoof van Pelt 1973; Elatini-Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1965; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1966; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch 1967; Eleocharition acicularis Pietsch ex Dierßen 1975; Eu-Littorellion uniflorae (Koch 1926) Pietsch 1977; Littorellion Sauer 1937; Littorellion uniflorae Koch 1926; Littorellion uniflorae Malcuit 1929 | Temporary lakes, ponds and pools | C1.6 |
| Lobelion dortmannae Vanden Berghen 1964 | Temperate-boreal amphibious Lobelia and Isoëtes communities of nutrient-poor standing waters of oceanic Europe | Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Tx. 1937; Lobelio dortmannae-Isoëtion Pietsch 1965; Lobelio-Isoëtion Pietsch 1966; Myriophyllo alternifolii-Lobelion dortmannae Tx. et Dierßen in Dierßen 1972; Ranunculion reptantis Tx. et al. in Dierßen 1972 | Permanent oligotrophic lakes, ponds and pools | C1.1 |
| Lobelion dortmannae Vanden Berghen 1964 | Temperate-boreal amphibious Lobelia and Isoëtes communities of nutrient-poor standing waters of oceanic Europe | Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Tx. 1937; Lobelio dortmannae-Isoëtion Pietsch 1965; Lobelio-Isoëtion Pietsch 1966; Myriophyllo alternifolii-Lobelion dortmannae Tx. et Dierßen in Dierßen 1972; Ranunculion reptantis Tx. et al. in Dierßen 1972 | Species-poor beds of low-growing water-fringing or amphibious vegetation | C3.4 |
| Lobelion dortmannae Vanden Berghen 1964 | Temperate-boreal amphibious Lobelia and Isoëtes communities of nutrient-poor standing waters of oceanic Europe | Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Tx. 1937; Lobelio dortmannae-Isoëtion Pietsch 1965; Lobelio-Isoëtion Pietsch 1966; Myriophyllo alternifolii-Lobelion dortmannae Tx. et Dierßen in Dierßen 1972; Ranunculion reptantis Tx. et al. in Dierßen 1972 | Temporary lakes, ponds and pools | C1.6 |
| Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943 | Arcti and-boreo-alpine tundra scrub of wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland | Arctostaphylo-Cetrarion nivalis Dahl 1957; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1936; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1943; Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola 1939; Loiseleurio-Diapension Daniëls 1982 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943 | Arcti and-boreo-alpine tundra scrub of wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland | Arctostaphylo-Cetrarion nivalis Dahl 1957; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1936; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1943; Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola 1939; Loiseleurio-Diapension Daniëls 1982 | Moss and lichen tundra | F1.2 |
| Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943 | Arcti and-boreo-alpine tundra scrub of wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland | Arctostaphylo-Cetrarion nivalis Dahl 1957; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1936; Juncion trifidi scandinavicum Nordhagen 1943; Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola 1939; Loiseleurio-Diapension Daniëls 1982 | Shrub tundra | F1.1 |
| Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 | Ericoid alpine siliceous dwarf scrub heath of wind-exposed habitats of nemoral and sub-meridional mountain ranges of Europe | Cetrario-Loiseleurion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964 nom. invers.; Cetrario-Loiseleurion (Br.-Bl. et Sissingh 1939) Schubert 1960; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Krajina 1933; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1936; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion uliginosi Nordhgaen 1937; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Braun-Blanquet in Braun-Blanquet, Sissingh et Vlieger 1939; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic 1974; Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušic et al. 1979; Loiseleurio-Cetrarion Suzuki-Tokio et Umezu in Suzuki-Tokio 1964; Loiseleurio-Vaccinion G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931 | Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub | F2.2 |
| Lolio-Plantaginion commutatae Horvatic 1934 | Aerohaline short-lived vegetation of disturbed sandy habitats of seaboards of Adriatic Sea | Pholiurio-Spergularion Pignatti 1952; Puccinellion distantis (Soó 1933) Pignatti 1953 | Moist and wet dune slacks | B1.8 |
| Lonicero alpigenae-Fagion (Borhidi ex Soó 1964) Dierschke 1997 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of northern and southern piedmonts of Alps | Fagion austroalpinum P. Fukarek 1979 | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Lonicero alpigenae-Fagion (Borhidi ex Soó 1964) Dierschke 1997 | Post-glacial beech and mixed beech-fir forests of northern and southern piedmonts of Alps | Fagion austroalpinum P. Fukarek 1979 | [Fagus] woodland | G1.6 |
| Lonicero arboreae-Berberidion hispanicae O. de Bolòs 1954 | Supra-oromediterranean scrub on base-rich substrates in Baetic regionn of Spain and North African mountains | Lonicero arboreae-Berberidion australis (O. de Bolòs 1954) Rivas Goday 1964 | Submediterranean deciduous thickets and brushes | F3.2 |
| Lonicero borbasianae-Pinion mugo Carni et Mucina 2013 | Calcareous subalpine dwarf heath on of southern Dinarides | Lonicero borbasianae-Rosion alpinae Redžic et al. 2000 | Conifer scrub close to the tree limit | F2.4 |
| Lonicero-Rhamnion falacis P. Fukarek 1969 | Relic deciduous krummholz of supramontane to subalpine belts at timberline of maritime Northern Dinarides | Subalpine deciduous scrub | F2.3 | |
| Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann ex Wittig 1977 | Acidophilous scrub, hedges and scrub of forest clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of northwestern Europe | Molinio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Molinio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Rubion plicati Weber 1977; Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann in Tx. 1950 | Temperate thickets and scrub | F3.1 |
| Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann ex Wittig 1977 | Acidophilous scrub, hedges and scrub of forest clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of northwestern Europe | Molinio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Agrostio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Molinio-Frangulion Passarge 1968; Rubion plicati Weber 1977; Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann in Tx. 1950 | [Pteridium aquilinum] fields | E5.3 |
| Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et Den Held ex de Foucault 2009 | Temporarily flooded heavily grazed nutrient-rich grasslands and herblands on sub-saline soils of Atlantic regions of Europe | Junco gerardii-Bromion racemosi de Foucault in de Foucault et Catteau 2012; Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et al. ex de Foucault 2008; Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et Den Held 1969; Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et al. 1962 | Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland | E3.4 |
| Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954 | Acidophilous beech forests of Western, Central and southeastern Europe | Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Polygonato verticillati-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form); Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae G. Hofmann et Passarge in Scamoni 1963 (orig. form); Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1962; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1964; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1971; Dicrano-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968 (orig. form); Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form) | [Abies] and [Picea] woodland | G3.1 |
| Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954 | Acidophilous beech forests of Western, Central and southeastern Europe | Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Polygonato verticillati-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form); Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae G. Hofmann et Passarge in Scamoni 1963 (orig. form); Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1962; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1964; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1971; Dicrano-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968 (orig. form); Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form) | [Fagus] woodland | G1.6 |
| Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954 | Acidophilous beech forests of Western, Central and southeastern Europe | Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Polygonato verticillati-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form); Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae G. Hofmann et Passarge in Scamoni 1963 (orig. form); Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1962; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1964; Deschampsio-Fagion sylvaticae Soó 1971; Dicrano-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Fagion moesiacum P. Fukarek 1969; Eu-Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968 (orig. form); Maianthemo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge 1968; Eu-Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Myrtillo-Fagion sylvaticae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 (orig. form) | [Ilex aquifolium] woods | G2.6 |
| Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae O. de Bolòs ex Mucina all. nov. hoc loco | Halo-nitrophilous thermomediterranean xeric thorny scrub on loamy soils of Iberian Peninsula | Ipomoeo purpureae-Lycion europaei O. de Bolòs 1988 nom. invers. propos.; Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae O. de Bolòs 1988 | Xero-halophile scrubs | F6.8 |
| Lycopodo europaei-Cratoneurion commutati Hadac 1983 | Vegetation of moss-rich calcareous water springs in colline to submontane belts of mountains of Central Europe | Springs, spring brooks and geysers | C2.1 | |
| Lygeo sparti-Limonion furfuracei Rigual 1972 | Murcian-Almerian coastal and inland thermo-mesomediterranean semiarid saline dwarf sea-lavender scrub | Lygeo-Limonion angustibracteati Alcaraz et al. 1988 | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 |
| Lygeo-Lepidion cardaminis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et Costa 1984 | Mesomediterranean saline vegetation of edges of inland salt pans of Central Spain | Lygeo-Lepidion cardaminis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963 | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 |
| Lythrion tribracteati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas Goday 1970 | Pioneer ephemeral vegetation in long-lasting temporary summer pools of inland Iberian Peninsula | Lythrion tribracteati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963 | Temporary lakes, ponds and pools | C1.6 |
| Lythro-Euphorbion Mirkin et Naumova 1986 | Sub-saline periodically flooded meadows of river valleys in semi-desert zone of European Russia | Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland | E3.4 | |
| Lythro-Euphorbion Mirkin et Naumova 1986 | Sub-saline periodically flooded meadows of river valleys in semi-desert zone of European Russia | Moist or wet tall-herb and fern fringes and meadows | E5.4 | |
| Magno-Caricion elatae Koch 1926 | Sedge bed marsh vegetation on oligotrophic to mesotrophic organic sediments of temperate Europe | Caricion elatae Koch 1926 corr. Trinajstic 2008 p.p.; Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion acutae Neuhäusl 1959 nom. mut. propos.; Caricion elatae (Koch 1926) Rivas-Mart. 1973 p.p.; Caricion gracilis Neuhäusl 1959; Caricion rostratae Bal.-Tul. 1963; Caricion rostratae Neuhäusl 1959; Magnocaricion Br.-Bl. 1931; Scrophulario umbrosae-Caricion paniculatae Koska in Dengler et al. 2004; Assoziationsverband Magnocaricion elatae Koch 1926 (orig. form); Scorpidio scorpidioidis-Cladion marisci Succow 1974 | Water-fringing reedbeds and tall helophytes other than canes | C3.2 |
| Magno-Caricion elatae Koch 1926 | Sedge bed marsh vegetation on oligotrophic to mesotrophic organic sediments of temperate Europe | Caricion elatae Koch 1926 corr. Trinajstic 2008 p.p.; Acrocladio-Caricion Succow 1974; Caricion acutae Neuhäusl 1959 nom. mut. propos.; Caricion elatae (Koch 1926) Rivas-Mart. 1973 p.p.; Caricion gracilis Neuhäusl 1959; Caricion rostratae Bal.-Tul. 1963; Caricion rostratae Neuhäusl 1959; Magnocaricion Br.-Bl. 1931; Scrophulario umbrosae-Caricion paniculatae Koska in Dengler et al. 2004; Assoziationsverband Magnocaricion elatae Koch 1926 (orig. form); Scorpidio scorpidioidis-Cladion marisci Succow 1974 | Beds of large sedges normally without free-standing water | D5.2 |
| Magno-Caricion gracilis Géhu 1961 | Sedge bed marsh vegetation on eutrophic clayey sediments of riverine habitats of temperate Europe | Caricion elatae Koch 1926 corr. Trinajstic 2008 p.p.; Caricion elatae (Koch 1926) Rivas-Mart. 1973 p.p.; Caricion gracilis-vulpinae Bal.-Tul. 1965; Magnocaricion gracilis Géhu 1961 | Water-fringing reedbeds and tall helophytes other than canes | C3.2 |
| Magno-Caricion gracilis Géhu 1961 | Sedge bed marsh vegetation on eutrophic clayey sediments of riverine habitats of temperate Europe | Caricion elatae Koch 1926 corr. Trinajstic 2008 p.p.; Caricion elatae (Koch 1926) Rivas-Mart. 1973 p.p.; Caricion gracilis-vulpinae Bal.-Tul. 1965; Magnocaricion gracilis Géhu 1961 | Beds of large sedges normally without free-standing water | D5.2 |
| Malvion neglectae (Gutte 1972) Hejný 1978 | Nitrophilous ruderal vegetation of low-grown herbs in slightly trampled habitats of temperate Western and Central Europe | Malvion neglectae Hejný in Hejný et al. 1979 | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 |
| Maresion nanae Géhu et al. 1987 | Ephemeral therophyte communities of coastal dunes of Eastern Mediterranean | Malcolmion nanae Géhu et al. 1986 | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 |
| Matricario chamomillae-Chenopodion albi Timár 1954 | Weed vegetation on clayey sub-saline soils of sub-continental regions of Central and Eastern Europe | Mixed crops of market gardens and horticulture | I1.2 | |
| Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993 | Canarian semi-arid matorral on mature oils | Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion phoeniceae Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983; Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván 1980; Rhamnion crenulatae Wildpret et Barquín in Santos 1976 | Canary Island xerophytic scrub | F8.1 |
| Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993 | Canarian semi-arid matorral on mature oils | Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion phoeniceae Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983; Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván 1980; Rhamnion crenulatae Wildpret et Barquín in Santos 1976 | Coniferous woodland dominated by [Cupressaceae] or [Taxaceae] | G3.9 |
| Medicagini citrinae-Lavaterion arboreae O. de Bolòs et Vigo in O. de Bolòs et al. 1984 | Ornitho-coprophilous thermomediterranean coastal semi-arid scrub of Mediterettanean | Lavaterion maritimae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001; Lavaterion maritimae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 | Xero-halophile scrubs | F6.8 |
| Medicagini-Triplachnion nitentis Mayer 1995 | Ephemeral therophyte communities of sandy and gravelly beaches of eastern Aegean region and southern Anatolia | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 | |
| Melampyrion pratensis Passarge 1979 | Acidic, xeric to meso-xeric forest-edge communities in semi-shady to sunny habitats of temperate to (sub)boreal Europe | Melampyrion pratensis Passarge 1967; Melampyro sylvatici-Poion chaixii Julve 1993; Melampyro sylvatici-Poion chaixii Julve ex Boullet et Rameau in Bardat et al. 2004 | Thermophile woodland fringes | E5.2 |
| Melico chrysolepidis-Ephedrion distachyae Umanets et Solomakha 1999 | Grasslands on ancient calcium-rich shell sediments of the northwestern coast of Black Sea | Coastal stable dune grassland (grey dunes) | B1.4 | |
| Melico minutae-Phagnalion intermedii Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972 | Thermo-mesomediterranean saxicolous communities of ultramfic crevices or gravel slopes of southeastern Spain | Calcareous and ultra-basic screes of warm exposures | H2.6 | |
| Meliloto dentati-Bolboschoenion maritimi Hroudová et al. 2009 | Tall-rush subsaline reed communities of continental regions of Iberian Peninsula and Pannonian Basin | Bolboschoenion (hal.) Soó 1945; Bolboschoenion maritimi Soó 1947; Scirpion compacto-littoralis Rivas-Mart. et al. in Cirujano 1980; Bolboschoenion maritimi continentale (Soó 1945) Borhidi 1970; Scirpion compacto-litoralis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980; Bolboschoenion compacti (Soó 1947) Hejný in Holub et al. 1967; Scirpion maritimo-compacti Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980 nom. mut. propos. | Inland saline or brackish species-poor helophyte beds normally without free-standing water | D6.2 |
| Mertensio maritimae-Honckenyion diffusae Tx. et Géhu ex Géhu 1998 | Subarctic pioneer vegetation of coastal shingle beaches of arctic coasts of northern Europe, Arctic Ocean archipelagos and Greenland | Honckenyo diffusae-Leymion mollis Géhu 1998; Tripleurospermion maritimi Golub et al. 2003; Matricarion maritimi Golub et al. in Golub et Sorokin 2007 | Fixed shingle beaches, with herbaceous vegetation | B2.4 |
| Mesembryanthemion crystallini Rivas-Martínez et al. 1993 | Mediterranean-Macaronesian sub-halophilous ruderal vegetation dominated by succulent herbs | Anthropogenic herb stands | E5.1 | |
| Mesembryanthemion nodiflori Géhu et al. 1990 | Halo-nitrophilous ephemeral succulent therophyte vegetation of sandy and silty soils of Eastern Mediterranean | Mediterranean inland salt steppes | E6.1 | |
| Mesophilous broad-leaved ravine ash-maple forests of Balkan Peninsula | Rhododendro pontici-Fagetalia orientalis Passarge 1981 | Meso- and eutrophic [Quercus], [Carpinus], [Fraxinus], [Acer], [Tilia], [Ulmus] and related woodland | G1.A | |
| Mesophilous broad-leaved ravine forests in meso- and supra-mediterranean belts of southern Apenninian Peninsula | Ostryo carpinifoliae-Tilion platyphylli (Košir et al. 2008) Košir et Carni in Mucina et al. 2013 | Meso- and eutrophic [Quercus], [Carpinus], [Fraxinus], [Acer], [Tilia], [Ulmus] and related woodland | G1.A | |
| Microcnemion coralloidis Rivas-Mart. et Géhu in Rivas-Mart. 1984 | Iberian inland vegetation of annual succulent halophytes temporarily wet salt-pans with solonchak soils | Inland saltmarshes | D6.1 | |
| Micromerion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on rocky calcareous soils of northern Hellas | Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997; Coridothymion Oberd. 1954 | Eastern garrigues | F6.2 |
| Micromerion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on rocky calcareous soils of northern Hellas | Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997; Coridothymion Oberd. 1954 | East Mediterranean phrygana | F7.3 |
| Micromerion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on rocky calcareous soils of northern Hellas | Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997; Coridothymion Oberd. 1954 | Thermo-Mediterranean scrub | F5.5 |
| Micromerion croaticae Horvat et al. 1974 | Vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices of in subalpine belt of northwestern Dinarides | Micromerion croaticae Horvat 1931; Micromerion croaticae Horvat 1937 | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Micromerion pulegii Boscaiu (1971) 1979 | Vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in montane and supramontane belts of westernmost Southern Carpathians | Micromerion banaticum Boscaiu 1971 | Basic and ultra-basic inland cliffs | H3.2 |
| Minuartio-Poion ligulatae O. de Bolòs 1962 | Castillian-Oroiberian supra-oromediterranean grasslands on calcareous and ultramafic soils | Festuco hystricis-Poion ligulatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion microphyllae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002; Sideritido pulvinatae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 nom corr. | Calcareous alpine and subalpine grassland | E4.4 |
| Minuartio-Poion ligulatae O. de Bolòs 1962 | Castillian-Oroiberian supra-oromediterranean grasslands on calcareous and ultramafic soils | Festuco hystricis-Poion ligulatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion microphyllae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002; Sideritido pulvinatae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961; Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001 nom corr. | Mediterranean-montane grassland | E1.5 |
| Mniobryo-Epilobion hornemannii Nordhagen 1943 | Vegetation of cold oligotrophic water-springs of boreal and arctic zones of northern Europe and Greenland | Anthelion julaceae Shimwell 1972; Montio-Epilobion hornemannii Nordhagen 1936; Cardamino nymannii-Saxifragion foliolosae Hadac 1989 | Springs, spring brooks and geysers | C2.1 |
| Molinerion laevis Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 | Silicicolous oro-mesomediterranean therophytic late-flowering pastures of Iberian Peninsula | Molineriellion laevis Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 nom. mut. propos.; Agrostion truncatulae (Rivas-Mart. 1978) de Foucault 1999; Triseto ovati-Agrostion truncatulae (Rivas-Mart. 1978) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986; Hispidello hispanicae-Ctenopsion delicatulatae de Foucault 1999 | Open Mediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland | E1.A |
| Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948 | Seasonally flooded grasslands on subsaline soils of Western Mediterranean | Agrostio stoloniferae-Scirpoidion holoschoeni de Foucault 1984; Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952; Brizo minoris-Holoschoenion Rivas Goday 1964; Molinio-Scirpoidion holoschoeni Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948 nom. mut. propos.; Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. 1931; Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. 1947; Agrostio stoloniferae-Scirpoidion holoschoeni de Foucault in de Foucault et Catteau 2012 | Mediterranean tall humid grassland | E3.1 |
| Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948 | Seasonally flooded grasslands on subsaline soils of Western Mediterranean | Agrostio stoloniferae-Scirpoidion holoschoeni de Foucault 1984; Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952; Brizo minoris-Holoschoenion Rivas Goday 1964; Molinio-Scirpoidion holoschoeni Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948 nom. mut. propos.; Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. 1931; Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. 1947; Agrostio stoloniferae-Scirpoidion holoschoeni de Foucault in de Foucault et Catteau 2012 | Water-fringing beds of tall canes | C3.3 |
| Molinio-Hordeion secalini Horvatic 1934 | Vegetation of wet meadows of submediterranean precipitation-rich regions of Balkans | Alopecurion rendlei Zeidler 1954 nom. mut. propos.; Alopecurion utriculati Zeidler 1954 | Sub-mediterranean humid meadows | E3.3 |
| Molinio-Quercion roboris Scamoni et Passarge 1959 | Northern temperate atlantic and subatlantic acidophilous oak forests on gleyic soils of Western Europe | Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Dicrano-Quercion Passarge in Scamoni 1963; Dicrano-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Dicrano-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Genisto germanicae-Quercion roboris Neuhäusl et Neuhäuslová-Novotná 1967 | Acidophilous [Quercus]-dominated woodland | G1.8 |
| Molinio-Quercion roboris Scamoni et Passarge 1959 | Northern temperate atlantic and subatlantic acidophilous oak forests on gleyic soils of Western Europe | Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Dicrano-Quercion Passarge in Scamoni 1963; Dicrano-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Dicrano-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968; Lysimachio vulgaris-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Melampyro-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion petraeae Passarge 1968; Molinio-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968; Genisto germanicae-Quercion roboris Neuhäusl et Neuhäuslová-Novotná 1967 | [Ilex aquifolium] woods | G2.6 |
