EUNIS habitat type hierarchical view (marine version 2022 & terrestrial version 2021)

The EUNIS habitat classification review is on-going. Four groups are pending review: Inland waters, Wetlands, Constructed, industrial and other artificial habitats and Complexes.

• M : Marine benthic habitats (MA-MG)
  
• MH : Pelagic water column
  
  • MH1 : Neuston
    
  • MH2 : Completely mixed water column with reduced salinity
    
  • MH3 : Completely mixed water column with full salinity
    
  • MH4 : Partially mixed water column with reduced salinity and medium or long residence time
    
  • MH5 : Unstratified water column with reduced salinity
    
  • MH6 : Vertically stratified water column with reduced salinity
    
  • MH7 : Fronts in reduced salinity water column
    
  • MH8 : Unstratified water column with full salinity
    
  • MH9 : Vertically stratified water column with full salinity
    
    • MH91 : Arctic vertically stratified water column with full salinity
      
    • MH92 : Atlantic vertically stratified water column with full salinity
      
    • MH93 : Baltic vertically stratified water column with full salinity
      
    • MH94 : Black Sea vertically stratified water column with full salinity
      
    • MH95 : Mediterranean vertically stratified water column with full salinity
      
  • MHA : Fronts in full salinity water column
    
• MJ : Ice-associated marine habitats
  
• N : Coastal habitats
  
• Q : Wetlands
  
• R : Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens
  
  • R1 : Dry grasslands
    
    • R11 : Pannonian and Pontic sandy steppe
      
    • R12 : Cryptogam- and annual-dominated vegetation on siliceous rock outcrops
      
    • R13 : Cryptogam- and annual-dominated vegetation on calcareous and ultramafic rock outcrops
      
    • R14 : Perennial rocky grassland of the Italian Peninsula
      
    • R15 : Continental dry rocky steppic grassland and dwarf scrub on chalk outcrops
      
    • R16 : Perennial rocky grassland of Central and South-Eastern Europe
      
    • R17 : Heavy-metal dry grassland of the Balkans
      
    • R18 : Perennial rocky calcareous grassland of subatlantic-submediterranean Europe
      
    • R19 : Dry steppic submediterranean pasture of the Amphi-Adriatic region
      
    • R1A : Semi-dry perennial calcareous grassland (meadow steppe)
      
    • R1B : Continental dry grassland (true steppe)
      
    • R1C : Desert steppe
      
    • R1D : Mediterranean closely grazed dry grassland
      
    • R1E : Mediterranean tall perennial dry grassland
      
    • R1F : Mediterranean annual-rich dry grassland
      
    • R1G : Iberian oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1H : Iberian oromediterranean basiphilous dry grassland
      
    • R1J : Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1K : Balkan and Anatolian oromediterranean dry grassland
      
    • R1L : Madeiran oromediterranean siliceous dry grassland
      
    • R1M : Lowland to montane, dry to mesic grassland usually dominated by Nardus stricta
      
    • R1N : Open Iberian supramediterranean dry acid and neutral grassland
      
    • R1P : Oceanic to subcontinental inland sand grassland on dry acid and neutral soils
      
    • R1Q : Inland sanddrift and dune with siliceous grassland
      
    • R1R : Mediterranean to Atlantic open, dry, acid and neutral grassland
      
    • R1S : Heavy-metal grassland in Western and Central Europe
      
    • R1T : Azorean open, dry, acid to neutral grassland
      
  • R2 : Mesic grasslands
    
    • R21 : Mesic permanent pasture of lowlands and mountains
      
    • R22 : Low and medium altitude hay meadow
      
    • R23 : Mountain hay meadow
      
      • R231 : Medio-European submontane hay meadows
        
        • R2311 : Western Hercynian submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2312 : Eastern Hercynio-Baltic submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2313 : Carpathian submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2314 : Northern Iberian submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2315 : Alpic submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2316 : Jurassian submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2317 : Illyrian submontane hay meadows
          
        • R2318 : Southwestern Moesian submontane hay meadows
          
      • R232 : Boreal and sub-boreal meadows
        
      • R233 : Alpic mountain hay meadows
        
      • R234 : Ponto-Caucasian hay meadows
        
      • R235 : Balkan mountain hay meadows
        
    • R24 : Iberian summer pasture (vallicar)
      
  • R3 : Seasonally wet and wet grasslands
    
  • R4 : Alpine and subalpine grasslands
    
    • R41 : Snow-bed vegetation
      
    • R42 : Boreal and arctic acidophilous alpine grassland
      
    • R43 : Temperate acidophilous alpine grassland
      
      • R431 : Alpic Nardus stricta swards and related communities
        
      • R432 : Thermo-Alpigenous subalpine acidophilous grassland
        
      • R433 : Alpigenous acidophilous grassland
        
      • R434 : Oro-Hellenic closed grassland
        
      • R435 : Oro-Iberian acidophilous grassland
        
      • R436 : Oro-Corsican grassland
        
      • R437 : Oro-Apennine closed grassland
        
      • R438 : Oro-Moesian acidophilous grassland
        
      • R439 : Western Asian acidophilous alpine grassland
        
      • R43A : Illyrian alpine and subalpine acid open grasslands
        
    • R44 : Arctic-alpine calcareous grassland
      
      • R441 : Closed calciphile arctic-alpine grassland
        
      • R442 : Arctic-alpine wind edge Kobresia myosuroides swards
        
      • R443 : Arctic-alpine calciphilous stepped and garland grassland
        
      • R444 : Ponto-Caucasian alpine grassland
        
    • R45 : Alpine and subalpine calcareous grassland of the Balkans and Apennines
      
  • R5 : Forest fringes and clearings and tall forb stands
    
  • R6 : Inland salt steppes and salt marshes
    
  • R7 : Sparsely wooded grasslands
    
• S : Heathland, scrub and tundra
  
• T : Forest and other wooded land
  
  • T1 : Deciduous broadleaved forest
    
  • T2 : Broadleaved evergreen forest
    
  • T3 : Coniferous forest
    
  • T4 : Lines of trees, small anthropogenic forests, recently felled forest, early-stage forest and coppice
    
    • T41 : Early-stage natural and semi-natural forest and regrowth
      
    • T42 : Coppice and early stage plantations
      
    • T43 : Recently felled areas
      
• U : Inland habitats with no or little soil and mostly with sparse vegetation
  
• V : Vegetated man-made habitats